Introduction to C++

1. INTRODUCTION TO C++

2. What is C++?
• C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, as an extension to the C
language.
• C++ is a cross-platform language that can be used to create high-
performance applications.
• C++ gives programmers a high level of control over system resources
and memory.

3. Uses of C++ language
• To design operating system.
• To develop games.
• Design web browser.
• To develop of new language.

4. C++ data types
Primary data type int, float, char, void
User defined data type
structure, union, class,
enumeration
Derived data type
array, function, pointer,
reference

5. Keywords in C++
asm default For private struct unsigned
auto delete Friend protected switch using
bool do Goto public template virtual
break double If register this void
case dynamic_cast inline reinterpret_cast throw volatile
catch else int return true wchar_t
char enum long short try while
class explicit mutable signed typedef
const extern namespace sizeof typeid
const_cast false new static typename
continue float operator static_cast union

6. Tips in writing a program
• The machine problem must be analyzed through identification of
the requirement.
• Interpret the machine problem through Pseudocode algorithm and
flowchart symbols.
• Observe the technical writing structure in writing a program.
• The output of the program must achieve a user-friendly interface.

7. Sample
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
//display message
cout<<"Welcome to C++ Programming!n";
return 0;
}
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Welcome to C++ Programming!
Sample OutputSource Code

8. Line 1:
#include <iostream>
This is a directive that instructs the preprocessor to include a section
of standard C++ code, known as header iostream that allows to
perform standard input and output operations.

9. Line 2:
using namespace std;
This code instructs the C++ compiler to use the standard C++
library. The identifier cout and cin are part of the standard library.

10. Line 4:
int main()
This line initiates the declaration of a function. The function
named main is a special function that is called when the
program is run. The execution of all C++ programs begins with
the main function, regardless of where the function is actually
located within the code.

11. Line 6:
//display message
This is a comment line. Comments do not have any effect on the
behavior of the program. Programmers can use them to create short
explanation or description of the codes.

12. Line 7:
cout << “Welcome to C++ Programming!n”;
cout represents the standard output stream in C++. The
meaning of the statement above is to insert a series of characters
(in this case the Welcome to C++ Programming! characters)
into the screen.

13. Line 7:
n
In printing the output, notice that it has n. This special character is
an escape sequence or escape character. Escape characters are
preceded by a backslash (). n indicates a new line. Some of the
escape characters are t which indicates a horizontal tab, which is
used to print out a backslash () and ” which is used to print out a
double quote.

14. Line 8:
return 0;
The return statement causes the main function to finish. Return may be
followed by a return code (in our example is followed by the return
code 0). A return code of 0 for the main function is generally
interpreted as the program worked as expected without any errors
during its execution. This is the most usual way to end a C++ console
program.

15. Thank You!