11. Cost of manufacture Cost of orientation
Foraging efficiency
Cost
Nikita Negi 11
12. Optimal Value
Flow decreases below this value
Flow decreases above this value Decrease in ant density
Decrease in ant speed due
to high rate of collision
Fourcassie et al., 2010
Flow = ant speed x density
Max value of flow allowed by its width
Nikita Negi 12
16. Material and Methods
Formica pratensis
15cm
Wide-3cm
Deep-2cm
Honicke et al. 2015
Spatial organization
Low density
Medium density
High density
Ants fed with
Tuna to
stimulate high
density
Nikita Negi 16
17. Honicke et al. 2015
Inbound- Grey
Outbound- black
Lane segregation under different density regimes
Nikita Negi 17
18. Is lane segregation is due to lateralization ??
Lateralization is defined a
strong left-right asymmetry in
behavior and physiology
Also called as Motor,
perceptual or functional
asymmetry
Nikita Negi 18
19. Honicke et al. 2015
Individual level side preference of ants
Nikita Negi 19
21. Material and Methods
Section of principle trial (11cm long trial)- Panama
Minimum and maximum speeds were calculated from trajectories
of 226 individuals recorded
Couzin et al. 2003
Nikita Negi 21
22. Couzin et al. 2003
Red - Inbound
Balck- outbound
Trajectory of single returning worker
Nikita Negi 22
23. Advantages of three lane over two lane
Decreases head-on encounters
Protects most valuable worker
(workers loaded with food)
Protected from robbing or
predation
Inbound ants deviate less
from direction
Couzin et al. 2003
Nikita Negi 23
24. What about the robustness of these organizational rules ????
When ants are moving through narrow space
Increase collision rate
How they are managing traffic so smoothly ??
Temporal ogranization
Nikita Negi 24
27. Material and Methods
300x5cm
Foraging area
Nesting site
50mm wide bridge
5mm narrow bridge
Dussutour et al. 2008
• Outbound
• Inbound laden
• Inbound unladen
• Inbound laden
followed by
unladen
Nikita Negi 27
28. Dussutour et al. 2008
Proportion of laden ants for each size of the groups of
inbound ant
Laden ant- Bold
Unladen –Regular font Nikita Negi 28
29. Priority rules in leaf cutting ant
Dussutour et al. 2008
Nikita Negi 29
30. Dussutour et al. 2008
Probability of a follower ant of benefiting from the passage
of leading ant according to its position in a group of inbound
and outbound ants
Nikita Negi 30
31. Lasius niger
Traffic regulation by route selection in ants
Inhibitory interaction at path bifurcation between workers
Dussutour et al. 2005
Nikita Negi 31
32. Dussutour et al. 2005
Ants have choice between two narrow path of
equal length
Ants have choice between two path of
equal length but different width
Dashed line –unstable solution
Continues lines -Stable solution Nikita Negi 32
36. Relation between density, contact and travelling time
Poissonnier et al. 2019
No. of Contacts an ant experienced
during crossing a bridge
Individual travelling time as a function of
number of contacts
Nikita Negi 36
41. Gravish et al. 2010
Probability density of velocity in traffic and
free flow condition
Nikita Negi 41
42. Gravish et al. 2010
Ants move left or right along square lattice with
diagonal connectivity and move around each other
through diagonal steps. Ant-ant interaction in 4mm
tunnel
Nikita Negi 42
43. Gravish et al. 2010
Ant-ant interaction
Interaction times in four different tunnel
diameters
Nikita Negi 43
44. Gravish et al. 2010
6mm
4mm
3mm
2mm
Tunnel diameter
Increase in diameter of tunnels decreasing the travelling time because they
are getting more space for movement
Nikita Negi 44
Problem faced by ants in managing traffic is just same faced by engineers
Flow dec cz of dec in ant density
Flow dec above this value cz of dec of ant speed due to high rate of time consuming head on collision
TO OVERCOME ALL THESE ISSUES LETS US KNOW HOW EXACTLY THEY DO MANGAE TRAFFIC
Army ant raids were filmed in its natural condition
Y axis proportion of ants
Leaving ant predominately using both the margins of the trial ant returning to the nest are using the centre
DISTINCT SPATIAL STRUCTURING
