Factors affecting temperature of different places around the Earth.

1. FACTORS AFFECTING
TEMPERATURE OF DIFFERENT
PLACES AROUND THE WORLD
HEATING OF THE ATMOSPHERE

2. FACTORS AFFECTING TEMPERATURE OF DIFFERENT
PLACES
•Latitude.
•Altitude.
•Distance from the ocean.
•Ocean currents.
(Simpson, 2015)

3. LATITUDE
This is the distance from the equator. Looks at two concepts:
1. Solar angle-ANGLE AT WHICH THE SOLAR RADIATION FROM THE SUN STRIKES THE
SURFACE OF THE EARTH.
2. Albedo-THE AMOUNT OF SOLAR RADIATION REFLECTED BY THE SURFACE.

4. 1. SOLAR ANGLE
The sun strike the earth surface at different angles, at right angle
(direct) at the equator and at acute (indirect) at the tropics (less acute)
and poles (more acute).
 the incoming solar radiation travels shorter distances to equatorial
regions, with a large solar angle covering a small area . And this is the
reason why temperatures are relatively high along the equator.
The opposite is experienced in the tropics (moderate temperatures) and
poles (cooling temperatures).

5. • In the picture is the sun striking
the earth surface at different
solar angles at different
latitudes.
• LATITUDE INCREASE
DECREASES THE SOLAR

6. 2. ALBEDO
• LIGHT SURFACES REFLECT MORE HEAT AND DARK SURFACES ABSORB
MORE HEAT.
• AT THE POLES MORE HEAT IS REFLECTED BACK TO THE ATMOSPHERE ,
RESULTED FROM THE WHITE SURFACES OF THE ICE AND SNOW.
• AT THE EQUATOR MORE HEAT IS ABSORBED , RESULTED FROM THE
DARK SURFACES OF VEGETATION. WHICH MIGHT BE THE REASON OF
HIHG TEMPERATURES IN EQUATORIAL REGIONS.

7. ALTITUDE
• This is the height above sea level.
• TEMPERATURE DECREASES BY 6,5 DEGREES CELCIUS FOR EVERY 1000
METERS INCREASE IN HEIGHT.
• POSITIVE LAPSE RATE- THE TEMPERATE DECREASE WITH INCREASE IN
HEIGHT (Stone, 2018).
• EARTH HEATS THE ATMOSPHERE FROM GROUND-LEVEL. ( MOUNTAIN
KILIMANJARO IN TANZANIA IS A GOOD EXAMPLE)

8. • MOUNTAIN KILIMANJARO
SITUATED JUST SOUTH OF
THE EQUATOR IN
TANZANIA
• At top of the mountain
there is ice and there is non
at ground level (positive
lapse rate).

9. DISTANCE FROM THE OCEAN
• DIFFERENT REACTION TO INSOLATION (LAND AND OCEAN).
• WATER IS TRANSPARENT AND ALLOW THE SUN RAYS TO REACH THE DEEPER PARTS OF
THE OCEAN. (IT COOLS SLOWLY)
• LAND IS NOT TRANSPARENT AND DO NOT ALLOW HEAT TO PENETRATE TO THE
DEEPER PARTS OF THE SURFACE. (IT COOLS FASTER)
• Continental regions experience extreme CONTINENTAL CLIMATES and coastal regions
experience moderate MERITIME CLIMATES.
(Dalton, 2018)

10.  BELLOW ARE DAY AND NIGHT EFFECTS OF THE OCEAN AT MODERATING TEMPERATURES OF
THE COSTAL REGIONS. DURING THE DAY THEY COOL THE TEMPERATURES AND AT NIGHT WARM
TEMPERATURES ALONG THE COAST.

11. OCEAN CURRENTS
The constant flow of surface ocean water in one direction.
• HEAT IS DISTRIBUTED BETWEEN POLES AND EQUATOR THROUGH THE OCEAN
CURRENTS.
• WARM CURRENTS CARRY WARM AIR MASS WITH THEM.
• COLD CURRENTS CARRY COLD AIR MASS WITH THEM.
• The currents that flow towards the equator bring cold water and currents that flow
towards the poles bring warm water, this moderates temperatures of both of these
regions.
(Beasley, 2016)

12. • The COLD BEGUELA CURRENT FLOWS
TO EQUATORIAL REGIONS CARRYING
COLD AIR MASSES THAT COOL THE
EQUATORIAL REGIONS (REDUCE
TEMPERATURES)
• THE WARM AGULHAS CURRENT
FLOWS TO THE POLES CARRYING
WARM AIR MASSES THAT WARM THE
POLES (INCREASE TEMPERATURES).

13. END…

14. REFERENCES
Beasley, S., 2016. Ocean Currents. Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/9226007/ (Accessed:
20 August 2022)
Dalton, J., 2018. Unit 2.4-Weather: Factors affecting Temperature. Available at:
https://slideplayer.com/slide/11950244/ (Accessed: 19 August 2022)
Fitzgerald, R., 2015. 1 2.5 Distance from the Oceans Understand how distance from the oceans
affects climate. Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/4892057/ (Accessed: 21 August 2022)
Simpson, A., 2015. FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE TEMPERATURE. Available at:
https://slideplayer.com/slide/7237587/ (Accessed: 20 August 2022)
Stone, S., 2018. Fantastic Five 1. How does altitude affect temperature? Available at:
https://slideplayer.com/slide/13574830/ (Accessed: 20 August 2022)