2. Sigmund Freud was a pioneer
of psychology.
He is called as the Father of
Psychoanalysis
The theories and work
established psychoanalysis as a
major school of thought in
psychology
His work and writings
contributed to our
understanding of personality,
clinical psychology, human
development, and abnormal
psychology
Freud’s work continues to
influence psychology and
many other disciplines to this
day.
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3. "One feels inclined to say that the
intention that man should be 'happy' is
not included in the plan of 'Creation.'"
-Sigmund Freud
From Civilization and Its Discontents, (1930)
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4. INTRODUCTION
Burns cause extreme distress in patients
because of devastating physical and
psychological consequences.
Most of the burn patients are in the states of
anxiety, depression and in emotions of
irritability and frustration.
As a result these patients need to be assessed
for psychological problems.
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5. WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASSESSMENT?
A psychological assessment is the attempt
of a skilled professional, usually a
psychologist, to use the techniques and
tools of psychology to learn either general
or specific facts about the patient, to
predict their behavior and functioning in
the future.
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6. PURPOSE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASSESSMENT
Provide more objective to measure personal characteristics.
Provide central information
Measure a large number of personality, cognitive or
neuropsychological problems
Highlight potential obstacles in treatment and suggest
alternatives.
Clarify the goals and focus of treatment.
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Increase the patient's sense www.burns-india.com,
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7. KEY INGREDIENTS
Successful assessment requires knowledge of:
Psychological tests
Psychopathology
Interviewing
Statistics
Hypothesis testing
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8. “ The most important single ingredient in the formula
of success is knowing how to get along with people”
- Theodore Roosevelt.
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9. HOW DO YOU DO?
Establishing Rapport
Interviewing
Observation
Administering Tests
Diagnosis
Treatment Plan
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10. TESTS
The tests which can be administered on burns are:
Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung in 1965)
Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (Zung in 1971)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale ( Zigmond and
Snaith in1983)
Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (Max Hamilton in
1959)
Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (Max Hamilton
in 1959)
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11. Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale
Instruction
Patients will circle 1 of the 4 numbers in response to the
questions. The healthcare provider, nurse, or medical staff
assistant then scores the completed questionnaire and interprets
the score using the information found in the box at right.
How to Score
Check that all statements have been answered. Add up the
values for each response to get the score total.
Interpreting the Score
A score total of 36 and over suggests the need for further
medical assessment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
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14. Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale
Instruction
The patient reads each statement and selects a
response which indicates how much the statement
applied to him/her over the past week. There are no
right or wrong answers.
How to score
Check that all statements have been answered. Add
up the values for each response to get the score total.
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17. Contd…
Interpreting the Score
Normal
Depression
Minimal to
Mild
Moderate
to Severe
Severe
Less than
50
50-59
60-69
70 or More
•The maximum score of the Zung SDS is 80.
•If the scores are over than 50 then the patient is
suggested for further medication.
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19. TREATMENT PLAN
Counseling
Breathing Exercises
Distraction strategies
Relaxation Techniques
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Meditate
Picture Yourself Relaxed
Breathe Deeply
Look Around You
Show Some Love
Try Self-Massage
Take a Time-Out
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Detour
National
nbcairoli@gmail.com
20. Contd…
Positive attitude
Imagery
Acceptance of/resignation to the situation
Verbal psychotherapy: current problems
are discussed in light of past difficulties and
options for coping with feelings and
behavior
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: focuses on
symptoms and current goals. Helps the
child identify faulty beliefs and learn new
ways of thinking and behaving.
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21. Contd…
• Group therapy: issues are explored within a
group setting with individuals who share
similar problems.
Family therapy: members of the family are
helped to understand how their behaviors
affect one another and instructions and
strategies for making changes are provided.
Interpersonal psychotherapy: feelings and
responses are explored within the context of
different interpersonal or social relationships
and situations.
Behavior Modification
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22. CONCLUSION
includes broad screening of the patient
allows the evaluator to compare the behaviour of the
individual being tested to the responses of a norm
group.
helps in diagnosis of differential and co-morbid conditions
to assess a particular area of functioning or disability
to help select type of treatment
to assess the outcome of the treatment
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nbcairoli@gmail.com
23. “If you talk to a man in a language
he understands, that goes to his
head. If you talk to him in his
language, that goes to his heart.”
- Nelson Mandela
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