Human sexuality is a central aspect of being human that involves sexual feelings, gender identity, sexual orientation, pleasure, and reproduction. It is shaped by biological, psychological, social, cultural, and moral factors. The modern context of human sexuality includes greater sexual freedom of expression and orientation compared to the past. However, this has also led to some negative impacts like pornography addiction, sexual exploitation, and increased gender-based violence.

1. MODERN CONTEXT OF HUMAN
SEXUALITY

2. INTRODUCTION.
 Sexuality – It is the integral part of being human.
 It is a central aspect of being human through life, it includes sex,
gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure,
intimacy and reproduction.
 It is the sexual feelings, thoughts, attraction and behavior towards
other people.
 Human sexuality- is the way people experience and express
themselves sexually.

3.  General process of transformation , involving transition to adulthood,
union formation and dissolution and reproductive behavior.
 Some people will get attracted to opposite gender(heterosexual) and
towards the same gender
 But on the other hand, human sexuality has some effects to us one
way or another.

4. Importance of human sexuality.
1. To gain more information about sexuality in a relationship.
2. Help one develop the ability to make an intelligent sexual choice based on your
own need.
3. Increasing people’s knowledge and improving their attitudes related to sexual
and reproductive health and behaviors.
4. It defines the means of biological reproduction, describes psychological and
sociological representations of self and orients a person’s attraction to others.
5. It generates a profound emotional and psychological responses.

5. Theories that support human sexuality.
 Sigmund Freud (1856- 1939)
 Was an influential physician and founder of psychoanalysis who treated patients with psychiatric
disorders.
 He acknowledged that the existence of a child sexuality was important in development. Such as
psychosexual development and Oedipus conflict.
 He outlines the theory of infantile sexuality that: sexual energy (libido) is an important motivating
force in an adult life.
 Alfred Kinsley (1894-1956)
 He is commonly known as the father of human sexuality research.
 He examines child’s play in Kinsley reports.
 The genital play where children are naturally curious about their bodies and sexual functions.

6. Theories of human sexuality.
 FEMINIST THEORY.
 Seeks to call attention and analyze the inequality of power in society regarding gender ,especially challenge
patriarchal bias.
 QUEER THEORY.
 Challenges binaries, such as in sexuality and gender .
 Challenges heteronormativity, which is the believe that being straight or heterosexual is what is normative
and natural.
 HETERONORMATIVITY; It's the assumption that everyone is straight.

7. CONTN
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY.
 ROLE TAKING
 VIEWING OURSELVES FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF OTHERS IN ODER TO PREDICT AND MEET THEIR
NEEDS AND ACHIEVE OUR GOALS
 SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
 RELIGEION ,ECONOMY, MEDICINE AND LAW, THESE INSTITUTIONS THEN REGULATE OUR SEXUALITY IN
VARIOUS WAYS TO UPHOLD THE NORMS IN A GIVEN SOCIETY.

8. CHANGES IN SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
FROM THE PAST
1. Sexual identification, orientation and preferences.
2. Contraceptives
3. Institute of marriage
4. Dressing code and appearances
5. Peer pressure and peer influence

9. 1. Sexual identification, sexual orientation
and sexual preferences.
 Sexual orientation> It is a person’s identity in relation to gender
 Sexual identification > It is how one thinks of oneself in terms of who he or she is
attracted to.
 Sexual preferences it is the same as sexual identification i.e., straight, gay,
lesbian, bisexual and asexual
 Being interested in someone of different gender doesn’t necessarily mean a
person is straight .

11. SEXUAL
IDENTIFICATION,ORIENTATION AND
PREFERENCES/

12. 2. Contraceptives
Ancient
 They used acacia leaves with
honey to make vaginal
suppositories to prevent
pregnancy.
 Used animal intestines as
condoms.
 They used to abstain to prevent
pregnancy if they didn't want to
have kids.
Modern
 Use birth control pills e.g. P2
 They use lubricated latex as
condom. Started in the 1860.
 Men usually get vasectomy to
avoid getting kids.

13. ANCIENT
MODERN

14. Marriage
Modern marriage is defined as a legal commitment based on consent,
monogamy, fidelity and, most basically, love.
Now dowry has been commercialized.
In modern times they choose their partners themselves and decide if
they want to keep the marriage or break it later by filing a divorce. The
Gen Z realizes that marriage is not a lifelong compromise.

16. Dressing appearance
Clothes right now are designed to keep up with the latest
trends in the industry.in ancient times clothes were designed
to satisfy the custom rules. Right now it’s about “My dress my
choice” clothes now are used as a tool for enticement. Due to
sex preferences women and men choose to ware clothes of
the other gender.

18. Peer pressure and influence
Peer pressure or influence is when you do something because you want to feel
accepted and valued by your friends. Peer influence can be positive or negative.
Sex is now used as an experiment in order to belong in a certain group and is not
valued.
The same as prostitution young boys and girls are lured into doing this business
because it brings money. Same as going for the sugar daddies and sugar mummies.
In choosing suitors people go for those who are more financially stable and refuse
those who are poor, simply because their friends are with those with money and are
living luxurious life.

20. Negative impacts
 1. It has led to pornography addiction, objectification and risky behaviors
 2. It has led to sexual exploitation (prostitution)
 3. Cyber bulling
 4. Body shaming
 5. Depression : ideology of pornography and isolation
 6. Blackmailing - By making them do what they want e.g. in westernized countries the
law of LBGTQ has been legalized and thereby forcing other countries to accept the
law just because they are in power
 7. Gender based violence
 8. Isolation and social anxiety
 9. It has led to increased divorce rates. - someone divorces his wife because of what
he saw on social media and expects his wife to be like that. Acharf Hakimi -institution
of divorce

21. Aspects of human sexuality
 Sexualization - Flirting, seduction, incest and rape
► Intimacy - Trust, caring, loving and vulnerability
 Sensuality - Fantasy, body image and audio-visual stimuli
 Sexual identity - Biological gender, gender identity, gender roles and sexual
orientation
 Sexual health and reproduction - sexual behaviors [anatomy and physiology],
contraception, abortion and sexually transmitted diseases