It was a presentation in MIU, during the Course " Quran, Science and Humanity" I shared this for all the People who want to know about the real facts of earth.

1. Submitted to
MD. ABU AYUB
Lecturer of Islamic Studies
Department of Business Administration
Submitted by
Mynouddin
Department of English

2. Geology in the Holy Quran
The science that deals with the
dynamics and physical history of
the earth, the rocks of which it is
composed, and the physical,
chemical, and biological changes
that the earth has undergone or is
undergoing.
“He it is who created the Heaven
and the Earth in true
proportions”-Surah An-Am-73
“It is He Who has Made The Earth
for you like a carpet spread out
and He has caused path ways for
you to travel trough it” (Surah To-ha-
53)
 Many verses of the Holy Quran had clear
indications to Geology. (It is We Who have
placed you with authority on earth, and
provided you therein with means for the
fulfillment of your life} [Al-Araf, [the
heights], v. 10]

3. Geology in Ancient Times
 There is no doubt that the ancients had some though elementary
knowledge of metals. With regard to Greek scientists, Aristotle (384-
322 BC) divided the world into two main parts; the Earth, consisting of
four elements (water, fire, air and dust) and the sky, consisting of ether.
Aristotle's views remained dominated until Islam came and put an end
to superstitions and charactering mythology[1].
 Achievements of Muslim scientists in Geology
 Muslim scientists tended to use scientific methods contemplation, deduction
and searching for the truth. They made great successes in explaining natural
phenomena and studying rocks, metals and mountains. Muslim scientists were
able to explain many geological phenomena, such as earthquakes, volcanoes,
the tide and the formation of mountains and valleys. Muslim scientists also
tried to explain torrents, rivers and creeks.

4.  The word "earthquake" is mentioned twice in the Glorious Qur'an, indicating "The Last
Hour Quake" which is much more devastating than all the earthquakes that have affected
and will affect our plant throughout its long history
 Allah glory be to him describes for us the terrors of the Day when the earth
throws out its burdens from its core to its surface.
 "When the earth is shaken with its (final) earthquake. And when the earth throws out its
burdens. And man will say: "What is the matter with it?" That Day it will declare its
information (about all that happened over it of good or evil). Because your Lord will
inspire it. That Day mankind will proceed in scattered groups that they may be shown
their deeds. So whosoever does good equal to the weight of an atom (or a small ant) shall
see it. And whosoever does evil equal to the weight of an atom (or a small ant) shall see
it." (Surat Az-Zalzalah (The Earthquake):1-8)
 Seismic waves travel out from the focus of an earthquake in all directions

5. Metals and Rocks
 Muslims knew about metals and precious stones as well as their physical and
chemical characteristics. They classified precious stones and gave them
accurate scientific descriptions. Muslim scientists also knew the place where
each type of precious stones could be found and they were interested in
distinguishing good gems from bad ones.
 The Almighty introduces Iron to us in Chapter
57:25: "... And we sent down the iron, in which there
is strength and many benefits for the people…"

6. Seas and Tides
“And you see the ships ploughing through the seas, that you may
seek of His Bounty and be grateful to Him”-Surah An Nahl-14
“See you not that the ships sail through the ocean by the Grace of
Allah”-Surah Lokman-31
“And among His signs are the ships , smooth running through the
ocean as mountains”-Surah As Shurah-32
 Meteorology
 Muslim scientists knew important facts about that science which they called
(the science of higher effects on the weather conditions). This science carefully
studies the earth’s atmosphere and focuses on the weather and its phenomena,
temperature, density, winds and clouds, and is known as “Meteorology”.

7. Fossils
 The Arabian Desert also used to be a sea and it was then filled with
deposits. This would be evidently seen while digging water wells and
basins in it. There seems to be layers of dust, sand and gravels[24]. In
addition, you may find pottery, glass and bones which could not have
been deliberately buried by anybody.
 The earliest reported fossil discoveries date from 3.5 billion years ago,
however it wasn't until approximately 600 million years ago that
complex multi-cellular life began to enter the fossil record, and for the
purposes of fossil hunting the majority of effort is directed towards
fossils of this age and younger.

8. Mountains
 The Qur'an draws attention to a very important geological function of
mountains.
 "We placed firmly embedded mountains on the earth, so it would not move
under them…"
(The Qur'an, 21:31)
 Allah Almighty said: And the mountains Has He firmly fixed. (Qur'aan
79:32).
 And He said: And the mountains as pegs. (Qur'aan 78:7).
 And He also said: And he has set up on the earth mountains standing
firm, lest it should shake with you. (Qur'aan 16:15).
 "Those before them indeed plotted, but Allah struck at the
foundation of their building, and then the roof fell down upon them, from
above them, and the torment overtook them from directions they did not
perceive." (Surat An-Nahl (The Bees):26)

9. Clouds
 through the following steps to produce rain:
 The clouds are pushed by the wind: Cumulonimbus clouds begin to form when wind pushes some
small pieces of clouds (cumulus) to an area where these clouds converge.
 Joining: Then the small clouds join together forming a larger cloud.
 Stacking: When the small clouds join together, updrafts within the larger cloud increase. The
updrafts near the center of the cloud are stronger than those near the edges. These updrafts cause the
cloud body to grow vertically, so the cloud is stacked up. This vertical growth causes the cloud body to
stretch into cooler regions of the atmosphere where drops of water and hail formulate and begin to
grow larger and larger. When these drops of water and hail become too heavy for the updrafts to
support them, they begin to fall from the cloud as rain, hail, etc.
 Allah Almighty said in the Qur'aan:
 Have you not seen how Allah makes the clouds move gently, then joins them
together, then makes them into a stack, and then you see the rain come out of
it...? [Qur'aan 24:43]
 The preceding verse, after mentioning clouds and rain, speaks about hail and lightning:
 And He sends down hail from mountains (clouds) in the sky, and He strikes with it
whomever He wills, and turns it from whoever He wills. The vivid flash of its lightning
nearly blinds the sight. [Qur'aan 24:43]

10. MOUNTAINS ARE LIKE TENT PEGS
 The Qur’an refers to the strong mountain
foundations in the following verse:
 “And the mountains hath He firmly fixed.” [Al-
Qur’an 79:32]1
 “And He has set down the earth mountains standing
firm lest it should shake with you and reveres and
roads that you may take right way” –Surah An Nahl 15

11. The End
 Qu’raan and Science• Undoubtedly, in the creation of heavens and
earth and in the mutual alternation of night and day, there are signs for
men of understanding. (Surah Al-iImran : Ayat 190).
 “He Who sends down rain from the sky, from it you drink and out of it
grows the venation on which you feed your cattle” -Surah An Nahl-10s