Food production seminar

1. seminar on: Food production
Presenter: Dr Kismayo
Gmail: kismayo@greenhopeuniversity.edu.so
1
www.greenhopeuniversity.edu.so

2. Learning objectives
To understand the Basics and the
development of food Production.
2
GREEN HOPE UNIVERSITY

3. What is the FoodProduction?
Food is a basic need of humans
Food production: is all about preparing food in which raw
materials are converted into ready-made food foodstuffs
human use in the home or in the food processing
Food production has many segments and it starts with
basic things like cleaning, packing, separating, sorting,
preparing, adding ingredients in correct proportions,
presenting, etc
Generally the transformation of ingredients into finished
food products is called as Food Production.
3

4. How is food produced?
There are large numbers of plant and animal
products, which are used for our wellbeing.
They provide us food or the daily food, which we
eat. comes from both plants and animals.
These include grains, pulses, spices, honey, nuts,
cereals, milk, vegetables, fruits, egg, meat, chicken,
etc.
The existence of our life is completely depended on
plants and animals. Altogether both plant and
animal species provide 90% of the global energy.
4

5. The food chain
The food chain usually
starts within the
agricultural sector, on a
farm.
5
Consumers purchase food
and drink in retail and
food service outlets.
Most food is processed or
transformed within the
manufacturing sector.
It is then distributed
through wholesale and
transport systems.

6. Cont….
6
The food chain connects three
important sectors:
• the agricultural sector;
• the food and drink industry;
• the distribution sector.

7. Before the Industrial Revolution
In the 19th Century, food was largely harvested by
hand and cooked, as it had been for many
centuries, in the home.
However, a few basic food items such as bread,
were available from bakeries in the world.
The production levels of bread were domestic,
being based in simple kitchens with open fires
and ovens.
7

8. The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution brought many technologies together, and
provided new possibilities for investigation.
Mechanisation took place, increasing
the volume of production of goods,
including food products.
As more and more factories were built for mass production of
goods, so towns and cities grew and populations expanded.
This also meant that there were more people to feed.
8

9. Housing
The development of housing, which grew into
towns around factories, allowed people to live
closer to their work.
However, it also prevented people from
growing crops and raising animals.
In order to support this growing population food
had to be processed and manufactured in
factories.
This in turn provided employment and a constant
supply of food.
9

10. Malnutrition
Protein-calorie deficiencies are widespread in many Asian,
African, and Latin American countries. Absolute poverty,
poor health, and lack of knowledge of nutrition are among
the principal reasons for the high prevalence of
malnutrition.
Under these circumstances, most developing countries
would be well-advised to pursue an agricultural strategy
of development.
In most developing countries, productivity-increasing
technological change in agriculture is necessary for
solving chronic problems of hunger and malnutrition.
10

11. Adulteration
Adulteration is the process by which the quality or nature of
a food is reduced by the addition of a foreign substance
and the removal of a vital element.
As there was a need for cheap food, nearly all food at
this time was adulterated to make it go further.
For example,
 Mixing milk with water.
 Mixing oil with chemical derivatives or cheaper oils.
 Packing low quality food products with fresh and high quality ones.
Eventually legislation was introduced to prohibit
adulteration and set standards for food products.
11

12. Factors affecting food technology
Today, factors affecting food technology include:
 domestication of animals and crops;
 preservation methods;
 development of villages and towns;
 changes of land ownership;
 transport and travel (national, African, worldwide & space)
 war;
 religion and culture;
 famine;
 drought, flood, disease;
 mechanisation.
12

13. Factors affecting food technology……
Factors affecting food technology also include:
 electricity;
 discovery and use of raw materials;
 understanding of scientific principles;
 research and development of food ingredients;
 increasing technological capabilities;
 economic understanding and trade;
 changes in society, e.g. the changing role of women;
 changes in retailing.
13

14. The last 50 years
Two recent major developments since World War II
have changed the way in which food is produced
and manufactured today.
Technology has allowed advances in food
processing, such as freeze, drying and extrusion,
and introduced ‘new’ food ingredients, such as
Textured Vegetables Protein (TVP) and myco-
protein. The use of biotechnology and
nanotechnology is increasing.
14

15. Food industry
The production of food from farm to fork triggers
environmental issues.
Think about the number of people that are involved in food
production. Here are some:
15
Farmers Retailers
Manufacturers Consumers Waste managers
All of them have a role to play in
producing sustainable food and reducing
the impact on the environment.
Suppliers Transport

16. Food security
Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and
economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet
their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy
life.”
Food security is one of the major challenges worldwide in the years
ahead, with global food demand forecast to rise by 70% by
2050 (FAO 2009).
16
Food production will have to be
maintained and capacity
increased to help meet demand.
GREEN HOPE UNIVERSITY

17. Thanks
 www.greenhopeuniversity.edu.so
17