The document discusses the history and evolution of cyber crimes. It begins by tracing the origins of the word "cyber" back to the 1940s and Greek terms related to governance. It then provides definitions and the etymology of the word "crime." The document goes on to summarize the key Indian laws related to cyber crimes, including the Information Technology Act of 2000. It outlines several categories and types of cyber crimes, such as hacking and financial fraud, before concluding with online methods for filing cyber crime complaints in India.

1. NEW FORMS OF CYBER
CRIMES (PART-I)
MOHAMMED HAROON RASHEED
B.A.LL.B (Hons.), B.S.W., LL.M, PGDCLCF, PGDADR
ADVOCATE & ARBITRATOR (I.I.A.M.)
Contact: +91-9686034210 / adv.mdharoon@gmail.com
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(c) Adv. Md. Haroon Rasheed (Contact: 9686034210 / adv.mdharoon@gmail.com)

2. CYBER CRIME
• Cyber Can be Traced Back to the 40s
• Before there was cyberpunk or cybersecurity, there was cybernetics. In the late 1940s,
cybernetics arose as the study of control systems and communications between people and
machines. Today, it has evolved into a transdisciplinary approach to regulatory systems.
Cybernetics influences game, system, and organizational theory.
• Cybernetics derives from the Greek kubernētēs, which refers to a pilot or steersman. Related
is the Greek word kubernēsis which means “the gift of governance” and applies to leadership.
Because the study of cybernetics involves the fields of computer science, engineering, and
biology and their advancements, it calls to mind all things futuristic.
• Cyber can be attached to almost anything to make it sound futuristic or technical, but its
origins are ancient: it can be found in Greek translations of the Old Testament.
Source: https://www.ciso.inc/blog-posts/origin-
cyber/#:~:text=Cyber%20Can%20be%20Traced%20Back%20to%20the%2040s&text=Cybernetics%20influences%20game%2C%20system%2C%20and,governance%E2%80%9D%20and%20applies%20to%20leade
rship.
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3. Crime
• In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other
authority.
• One proposed definition is that a crime or offence (or criminal offence) is an act
harmful not only to some individual but also to a community, society, or the state
("a public wrong"). Such acts are forbidden and punishable by law.
• Etymology
• The word crime is derived from the Latin root cernō, meaning "I decide, I give
judgment". Originally the Latin word crīmen meant "charge" or "cry of distress".
The Ancient Greek word κρίμα, krima, with which the Latin crimen is cognate,
typically referred to an intellectual mistake or an offense against the community,
rather than a private or moral wrong.
• In 13th century English crime meant "sinfulness", according to the Online
Etymology Dictionary. It was probably brought to England as Old
French crimne (12th century form of Modern French crime), from Latin crimen (in
the genitive case: criminis). In Latin, crimen could have signified any one of the
following: "charge, indictment, accusation; crime, fault, offense".
• The word may derive from the Latin cernere – "to decide, to sift" (see crisis,
mapped on Kairos and Chronos). But Ernest Klein (citing Karl Brugmann) rejects
this and suggests *cri-men, which originally would have meant "cry of distress".
Thomas G. Tucker suggests a root in "cry" words and refers to
English plaint, plaintiff, and so on. The meaning "offense punishable by law"
dates from the late 14th century. The Latin word is glossed in Old English
by facen, also "deceit, fraud, treachery", [cf. fake]. Crime wave is first
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4. ORIGINS OF CYBER LAW IN INDIA
• The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 was the first cyber law that was
ever to be enacted. It prohibits unauthorized access to computers and the
illegal use of digital information.
• In India, cyber crimes are covered by the Information Technology Act,
2000 and the Indian Penal Code, 1860. It is the Information Technology
Act, 2000, which deals with issues related to cyber crimes and electronic
commerce. However, in the year 2008, the Act was amended and outlined the
definition and punishment of cyber crime. Several amendments to the Indian
Penal Code 1860 and the Reserve Bank of India Act were also made.
• Source: https://blog.ipleaders.in/cyber-crime-laws-in-
india/#:~:text=The%20Computer%20Fraud%20and%20Abuse,illegal%20use%20of%20digital%20information.
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5. Classification of Cyber Crimes
Sources:
(a.) https://intellipaat.com/blog/what-is-cybercrime/ (b.)
http://ignited.in//J/JASRAE/4/18)
Cybercrimes are broadly categorized into four
fields:
1.Individual/Person
2. Property
3. Government
4. Society
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6. TYPES OF CYBER CRIMES
Broadly-
• Stealing Personal Information - When someone steals personal
information like usernames, passwords, OTP, PIN codes, personal
pictures or videos, the original owner becomes vulnerable, both
socially or financially.
• Using Device for Illegal Activities - If someone has access to
your devices, they can perform any illegal activity. If
tracked, the authorities will trace you behind such activities
since the proxy address/ other such links will indicate towards
the original users while some hacker plays his/ her tricks from
miles away.
• Committing Financial Fraud - In the world of internet banking,
giving access to account number, one time password (OTP), or
any such confidential information to someone else is an
invitation to fraudsters to empty your bank account.
• Interrupted Web Services - Someone sitting miles away can hack
your website and cause interruption in smooth run of such a
website. This affects the services being provided through such
websites or the brand built through years, whatever the case
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7. 14 Types of Cyber crimes
1. Hacking
2. Virus Dissemination
3. Credit Card Frauds
4. Phishing
5. Identity Theft
6. Cyber Harassment and Identity Theft
7. Social Engineering
8. Denial of Service (DoS)
9. Ransomware
10. Malware Attacks
11. Cyberstalking
12. Web Jacking
13. Botnets
14. Prohibited Content
• Source:
a. https://www.vidhikarya.com/legal-blog/types-of-cyber-crime-and-
prevention
b. https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-3042--types-of-
cyber-crime-and-its-causes.html
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8. NEW FORMS OF CYBER
CRIMES
(Source:
a. https://www.clearias.com/cybercrime/
b. https://u-next.com/blogs/cyber-security/types-of-cyber-crime/)
o 1. Pornography OR Sexually Abusive Material
o 2. Cyber Bullying
o 3. Cyber Stalking
o 4. Cyber Grooming
o 5. Online Job Fraud
o 6. Online Sextortion
o 7. Phishing (Spear & Whale Phishing)
o 8. Vishing
o 9. Smishing
o 10. Sexting
o 11. SIM Swap Scam
o 12. Credit Card Fraud or Debit Card Fraud
o 13. Impersonation and identity theft
o 14. Spamming
o 15. Ransomware
o 16. Viruses, Worms, and Trojans
o 17. Data Breach
o 18. Denial of Services (DoS) attack
o 19. Website Defacement
o 20. Cyber-Squatting
o 21. Pharming
o 22. Crypto jacking
o 23. Online Drug Trafficking
o 24. Espionage
o 25. Man-in-middle Attacks
o 26. AI Powered Attacks
o 27. Web Attacks
o 28. SQL Injections
o 29. Cross-Site Scripting
o 30. DDOS Attacks
o 31. Password Attacks
o 32. Eavesdropping Attacks
o 33. Brute-Force & Dictionary Network Attacks
o 34. Insider Threats & 35. Drive-by Attacks
o 36. Ping of Death Attack & 37. PUP’s
o 38. Tear Drop Attack
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9. LAWS-
• Constitution of India
• Indian Penal Code 1860
• Information Technology Act 2000
• Intellectual Property Laws (IPR)
• Banking Law & Reserve Bank Act
• Latest Crypto Laws & Other allied legislations
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10. LEGAL REMEDIES
• How to file a
Cybercrime complaint
online in India?
• A cybercrime complaint
can be filed using
the National Crime
Reporting Portal of
India.
• Website link is –
https://cybercrime.gov
.in/
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