- System/ Ecosystem - Enterprise / Extended Enterprise - Stakeholders / Concerns - Viewpoints / Views

1. Enterprise Architecture Foundations
The best way for
Digital Transformation
‫المؤسسية‬ ‫البنية‬ ‫أساسيات‬
‫الطريق‬
‫األمثل‬
‫نحو‬
‫الرقمي‬ ‫التحول‬

2. Course Structure
0
The Big Picture

3. ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE BIG PICTURE (aligned with Togaf 9.2)
Consume building blocks (BB)
Enterprise
Continuum
Building
Blocks
Generate Building blocks (BB)
Guidelines and Techniques
(Principles, Gap Analysis, CBP, Stakeholder Mgmt. ,…)
Building
Blocks
Catalogs
Matrices
Diagrams
Artifacts
Architecture Development Method (ADM)
Operating Model ( Governance Framework, Architecture Capability , Interaction Model, Architecture Compliance , Architecture Contracts, …)
Architecture Metamodel
Arch. Repository Management
Deliverables
Stakeholders,
Views
&
Viewpoints
Reference Models
Ecosystem Tool Management

4. 1 Architecture Foundations - ‫أساسيا‬
‫ت‬
‫البنية‬
▷Stakeholders, Views and Viewpoints Basics
▷Enterprise Continuum
▷Building Blocks
▷Artifacts and Deliverables Basics
▷Architecture Repository & Tool Basics

5. SECTION I
1
Stakeholders, Views & Viewpoints Basics
‫النظر‬ ‫ووجهات‬ ‫المنظور‬ ‫أساسيات‬ , ‫العالقة‬ ‫أصحاب‬

6. Stakeholders, Views & Viewpoints
Stakeholders ‫العالقة‬ ‫أصحاب‬
Concerns ‫اإلهتمامات‬
Views & Viewpoints ‫المنظور‬
–
‫النظر‬ ‫وجهات‬
Ecosystem / System ‫منظومة‬
-
‫نظام‬

7. EVERYTHING ABOUT ARCHITECTURE RELATES TO DEEPLY UNDERSTANDING OF TWO MAIN
CONCEPTS (WHAT & HOW)
What & How Concepts
Differentiators (HOW) ‫كيف‬
- How do you visualize something ? / How can I do something ?
- Differentiators point of views
- i.e How I Make Coffee ?
Building Blocks (WHAT) ‫ماذا‬
- Identify what you have ?
- Basic unit (Building blocks ) from which something is built up.
- i.e What I Have to Make Coffee ?

8. AS ENTERPRISE ARCHITECT, ECOSYSTEM/SYSTEM REPRESENT WHAT YOU SHOULD CONSIDER
DURING YOUR ARCHITECTURE-RELATED ACTIVITIES AS “ A SCOPE OF ENTERPRISE IMPACTED”
Ecosystem / System overview Ecosystem
System is a combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more stated purposes
Encompasses individual applications, systems in the traditional sense, subsystems, systems of systems,
product lines, product families, whole enterprises, and other aggregations of interest
System N
Ecosystem go beyond
organization boundary to include
its environment industry
(i.e. suppliers, distributors,
customers, competitors,
government agencies, and so on)
Ecosystem network involved
in the delivery of a specific
product or service through
both competition and
cooperation

9. ECOSYSTEM / SYSTEM REAL EXAMPLE (1/2)
Photosynthesis Ecosystem
Ecosystem
Plant Development System
Photosynthesis Ecosystem
1 2

10. ECOSYSTEM / SYSTEM REAL EXAMPLE (2/2)
Ant Colony Ecosystem
Ecosystem
Ant Colony System
Ant Colony Ecosystem
1 2

11. EXTENDED
ENTERPRISE
SCOPE OF EXTENDED ENTERPRISE ENCOMPASSES BOTH ENTERPRISE SYSTEM AND ITS
ECOSYSTEM …
Enterprise / Extended Enterprise overview
Any collection of organizations that has a
common set of goals
Large corporations may comprise multiple enterprises
Enterprise Bigger umbrella care
about its internal system as well
as its ecosystem
Comprises the partners,
suppliers, and customers, as
well as internal business units.
❖ Whole corporation, or division of a corporation
❖ Government agency or a single department;
❖ Chain of geographically distant organizations linked
together by common ownership
❖ Groups of countries or governments working
together to create common or shareable deliverables
❖ Partnerships and alliances of businesses working
together, such as a consortium or supply chain
ENTERPRISE

12. … TO PRESERVE ITS POSITION, ENTERPRISE SHOULD GUARANTEE ITS COMPETITIVE
ADVANTAGES THROUGH EMPOWERING BOTH INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PILLARS
Connecting Dots
Goals and values
Resources and capabilities
Structure & Systems
Environment/Strategy Interface
Firm/Strategy interface
Strategy
The Firm
Enterprise
(System)
Environment
Industry
(Ecosystem)
Customers
Competitors
Suppliers
Partners
Complementors

13. STAKEHOLDERS ARE INDIVIDUALS, TEAMS, ORGANIZATIONS, OR CLASSES THEREOF, HAVING
AN INTEREST IN A SYSTEM
Stakeholders
System

14. A SYSTEM HAS ONE OR MORE STAKEHOLDERS, EACH STAKEHOLDER TYPICALLY HAS ROLE,
INTERESTS IN, OR CONCERNS RELATIVE TO, THAT SYSTEM
Image Source: Togaf 9.2 Foundation Guide book – Typical set of stakeholders for EA
Stakeholders for Enterprise Architecture

15. INTERESTS IN A SYSTEM CAN BE RELEVANT TO ONE OR MORE OF ITS STAKEHOLDERS WHICH
CAN BE FUTHER DECOMPOSED INTRO REQUIREMENTS
Architecture Concern = Area of Interest
Functionality
Development
Operations
Acceptance
Concerns
related to
any system
aspects
Performance Reliability Distribution
Authorization Risk Audit Assurance …
Agility Mobility …
Coverage Usability Consistency
…
…
…

16. ARCHITECTURE VIEWPOINTS ESTABLISHES THE CONVENTIONS FOR CONSTRUCTING, INTERPRETING
AND USING AN ARCHITECTURE VIEW TO ADDRESS CONCERN(S) ABOUT A SYSTEM-OF-INTEREST
Viewpoints / Views
What you see ?
Where are you looking from ?
Viewpoint ‫المنظور‬ View ‫النظر‬ ‫وجهات‬
- Representation of a system from the perspective of
a related set of concerns
- Visualized asset to inform stakeholders that their
concerns are being met.
- An architecture view is always specific to the
architecture for which it is created.
Instance of the completed template
- Vantage point or perspective that determines what you see
- Viewpoint defines the perspective from which an
architecture view is taken.
- The specification of the conventions for a particular kind of
architecture view
- Architecture viewpoints are generic, and can be stored in
libraries for re-use, known as a viewpoint library.
Template

17. VIEWPOINTS / VIEWS REAL EXAMPLES (1/4)
Building Architecture
VIEWPOINT
VIEW

18. VIEWPOINTS / VIEWS REAL EXAMPLES (2/4)
Scene Viewpoint & Camera View

19. VIEWPOINTS / VIEWS REAL EXAMPLES (3/4)
Human Eye Retina Viewpoint Layers
VIEWPOINT LAYERS (LIBRARY)
LANSCAPE
COMPLEX
VIEW

20. VIEWPOINTS / VIEWS REAL EXAMPLES (4/4)
Protractor Viewpoint (Contradicting Views) – No Cooperation

21. EA FRAMEWORKS VIEWS / VIEWPOINTS (1/2)
Togaf Standard Viewpoints
Source: https://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf9-doc/arch/chap31.html

22. EA FRAMEWORKS VIEWS / VIEWPOINTS (2/2)
Zachman Framework Viewpoints
Source: https://www.zachman.com/about-the-zachman-framework

23. Thanks!
For Further Engagement
You can find me at:
eng.mohamedzakarya@gmail.com
Mohamed Zakarya Abdelgawad