6. Transitive and Intransitive verbs
โข Sentence structures such as ใใขใ้ใใพใใ
้ปๆฐใใคใใพใใใใผใซใๅฃฒใใพใ are
ones that you are used to until now. These
are called โTRANSITIVE verbsโ
โข That means that you need a direct object
(marked by ใ)
โข Sentence structures such as ใใขใ้ใใพใใ
้ปๆฐใใคใใพใใใใผใซใๅฃฒใใพใ are
called โINTRANSITVE verbsโ which
doesnโt require direct object.
โข Subject can be taking up the action.
7. Transitive and Intransitive verbs
โข These verb pairs can be similar to passive
form in translation.
โข ้ปๆฐใใคใใพใใ
โข ้ปๆฐใใคใใพใใ
โข ใใผใซใๅฃฒใใพใใ
โข ใใผใซใๅฃฒใใพใใ
8. Transitive and Intransitive verbs
โข There are 3 types of verbs.
โข Absolute intransitive verbs
โข ่กใใๆฅใใๅใใๆญปใฌใๆณฃใใๅบงใใใใใ
ใใ etc
โข Absolute transitive verbs
โข ้ฃฒใใ้ฃในใใ่ชญใใไฝใใ่ฒทใใใใใใ
ใใใใๆฎบใ etc
โข The rest have both transitive and
intransitive pairs
30. ใฆใใพใ
โข When te-form of intransitive verbs are used with
ใใพใใit shows the consequences remains
โข ใณใณใใฅใผใฟใผใใใใใฆใใพใใ
โข ใซใผใใณใใใใฃใฆใใพใใ
โข ใใณใใใกใฆใใพใใ
โข ใงใใใใคใใฆใใพใใ
โข ใพใฉใใใใฆใใพใใ
โข ใฟใกใใใใงใใพใใ
โข ใใใใฟใกใใใใงใใพใใใ
โข You can use
the past
tense.
39. ใใพใ
โข When ใใพใ is used in the past tense, ใใพใ is to indicate that
something has been done and is completely finished.
โข It means to finish doing something, ended up in, have done
something or finish something up.
โข ใฑใผใญใ้ฃในใฆใใพใใพใใใ
โข It is depending on the situation if something is simply finished,
have done something or you did something you shouldnโt have
done or you regret or criticism about someoneโs action or
about something that has happened. The result may be
brought as a result of being out of control.
โข When ใใพใ is used in the present or future tense, it indicates
that the speaker will complete an action in the future.
โข ใใใใพใงใซใๅฎฟ้กใใใฆใใพใใพใใ
โข ใฆform ๏ผ add ใใพใใพใใใใพใใพใใ
โข add ใใพใใใใพใฃใ
Emphasise the completion of
action and implies the result
40. ใใพใ
โข ๅผ(ใใจใใจ)ใฏใธใฅใผในใ้ฃฒใใงใใพใใพใใใ
โข My younger brother drank up all his juice. (criticism,
simple the juice is gone)
โข ใใฎใใใใฎๆฌใ่ชญใใงใใพใฃใใ
โข I regrettably finished reading the book yesterday.
(have finished, or slight regret that has finished and
wished to continue reading because it was interesting)
โข ๅฎถใซๅฎฟ้ก(ใใ ใใ ใ)ใๅฟ(ใใ)ใใฆใใพใใพใใใ
โข I forgot all about the homework and left it at home
regrettably. (regret)
Add the speakerโs feeling of regret or
embarrassment. Not just stating the fact.
41. ใใพใ
โข NBใใพใ can be contracted as ใกใใใใกใใฃใใ
ใใใใใใใฃใ in casual speech.
โข ใในใ่กใฃใกใใใ
โข The bus is about to go! (the bus will have gone
if we donโt hurry โ you will regret if it did)
โข ใใใชใซ่ตฐ(ใฏใ)ใใจ่ปข(ใใ)ใใใใใใ
โข If you run that fast, you will fall over! (you
will end up falling over if you not careful and
you wonโt like the result)