Here in this slide you can know all about jamdani history and details on jamdani saree

1. Topic Name
Jamdani-The Heritage of
Bangladesh & It’s
Future
Team Name : চতু ষ্কোণ

2. Our Team
MD. Mehedi Hasan
Leader
MD. Aminul Haque
Member-1
MD. Uzzal sheikh
Member-3
MD. Zohurul Islam
Member-4
Member-2
MD. Risadul Haque Mridha

3. Agenda :-
• Jamdani
• History of Jamdani
• Geographical environment of production
• Spread of Jamdani
• Heritage of Jamdani
• Reputation of Jamdani
• Demotion of Jamdani
• Current Situation
• Current problem of Jamdani
• Future of Jamdani
• Conclusion

4. Jamdani
*Jamdani is a type of wearable fabric. Which is
made of Karpus cotton with a unique weaving
method.
*Jamdani is a beautiful muslin textile.
*While weaving Jamdani , the design is drawn
out with a third thread.
*Jamdani is a type of vary fine woven muslin
fabric.
*Jamdani is made of 40 to 120 count of thread.
*Jamdami is typically woven using a mixture of
cotton and silk thread.

5. Here are three
definitions of
Jamdani
A. A kind of cloth in which
flowers are woven
(usually muslin) (Hunter
1808).
A. Dacca muslin woven with
flowers and other designs
(Knight 1881).
A. Patterned and floral
Dhaka muslin.

6. *There are many types of Jamdani
sarees.
But basically according to the
material of Jamdani saree it is
three types.
1. Half Silk Jamdani – The
transverse threads are cotton and
the length wise threads are silk.
2. Full Cotton Jamdani – Made
entirely of cotton yarn.
3. Full Silk Jamdani - Made
entirely of silk thread.

7. Jamdani sarees canbe classified based on the
region where they are produced.
They are six type according to it's region.
1. Dhakai jamdani : These are the original and
the finest of jamdani sariee.One such series
could take from 9 months to a year to weave.
2. Tangail Jamdani : weaven in the tangail
district and have broad border s featuring lotus,
lamp and fish scale motifs.
3. Shantipur Jamdani : woven in the Shantipur,
West Bengal. This Jamdani are similar to
Tangail Jamdani. They have fine texture & often
elegant Striped motifs decorate the saree.
4. Dhaniakhali Jamdani :Woven in Dhaniakhali,
west Bengle. They are marked by bold colours
and dark contransting borders.
5. Begumpur Jamdani
6. Silk Jamdani.saree.

8. History of Jamdani
Not a gem of hard stone, but a priceless treasure
made of soft cotton. In this, the artist's touch
produced such extraordinary crafts, the beauty of
which captivated the whole world. Yes, I was talking
about 'Jamdani’.
*Sonargaon, Titabari, Bajitpur areas of Dhaka
district used to produce world famous Jamdani
sarees.
*Through the hands of a few men for generations,
its fine weaving and design craft has been etched in
history.
*Jamdani is mentioned in the book 'Arthasastra'
written by Kautilya around 300 AD. It is known from
'Arthashastra' that very smooth and fine cloth

9. We will see here how geographical
conditions have an influence on the
spread of jamdani industry in Dhaka
region through two factors.
*First; The place and environment of
cotton production in the region.
*Secondly; The environmental
conditions of Jamdani production.
Geographical environment of
production

10. To understand the spread of Jamdani in
Dhaka region, we need to understand the
area and cultivation of cotton.
*Nowhere Gossypium herbaceum from which
fine muslin is made throughout Bengal .
*A special type of fibre, known as 'desi', as
being produced from time immemorial near
Kapasia in the north of Dhaka Division
*According to John Taylor, the world's finest cotton
(cotton) was produced in this region (cited in
Gujnavi: 84-85).
*According to some reliable works, the
quality of Dhaka muslin is superior to the
quality of raw cotton grown in the region
*Colonial officials observed that the region's
river water contained iron-rich siliceous and
calcareous soil, which favored the cultivation
of a special variety of cotton
*Cool sea air helps in carpus cultivation.
Due to favorable geological and climatic
conditions, Dhaka was a unique field of
cotton production within the region. The
British failed to cultivate carpus elsewhere in
1790 and 1791
Spread of Jamdani

11. . Historically, the production
area was on the inundated
Meghna basin near Dhaka.
Jamdani production areas along
the river are Kapasia next to
Narsingdi (Ghorashal), Rupganj
(kajipara) on the banks of
Shitalakshya river,and
Siddhirganj
Now let's discuss the reason for
the production of Jamdani in
this region?
*First: it is understood that
these manufacturing sites are
located near the cotton growing
areas
.
A local person Abul kalam
said that, those who had
left this place for
production elsewhere,
returned without being able
to produce the same quality
of jamdani.
*Fourth: some authors
emphasize the humidity of
this area. There are different
methods of knitting,
depending on the correct
level of humidity.
Heritage
* Secondly: the rivers of
this area provide great
facilities for the supply and
distribution of raw cotton and
the marketing of
manufactured goods.
* Third: related to water
quality in the region. The
water of this river was also
very good for bleaching and
washing the shine produced
by cleaning the yarn in
Meghna and Shitalaksha
water before washing is not
possible in any other region
Geographical location and environmental context of
Jamdani production site

12. The word ‘jamdani’ is believed to be of
Persian origin, derived from 'Jam' (meaning
flower) and 'Dani' (meaning vase). it is
during the Mughal rule (16th - 18th
centuries). The finest varieties of muslin
fabric were produced during this period with
fabulous floral and figured motifs. This was
the golden age of dhakai muslin.
Later in the late 16th century,
English merchant and traveler Ralph
Fitch and historian Abul Fazal praised
the fineness of Bengal muslin and
jamdani in their respective accounts.
*During the reign of Emperor Jahangir,
the price of the best fine muslin was
around 400 rupees as at that time.
Reputation of Jamdani
*It is said that during the Mughal period,
Jamdani industry expanded the most. It is
under their patronage that Jamdani gets the
respect of luxury products all over the world
beyond Bengal
.*An English document from the 18th century
states that a royal servant was appointed as
Daroga-i-Makhmal in the Mughal kingdom to
collect muslin. His job was to look after the
production of muslin and jamdani sarees
*At that time Khas Muslin worth Tk 1 lakh was
sent to the Mughal royal court only from
Dhaka.*

13. After the British came to this country,
*The value of Jamdani decreased. Because they were desperate to
dominate the textile trade. So brutal torture started on the artisans of
Dhaka.
* It is said that at that time even the fingers of some artisans were cut
off!
*Many were forced to give up their ancestral profession to escape the
wrath of the British. Slowly jamdani industry started to decline, yarn
market started falling
*When the Industrial Revolution took place in England, the domestic
yarn market was destroyed because it could not compete with the
cheap machine-made foreign yarn.
There is no yarn in the market, so jamdani production also stops
completely. Jamdani saree makers turned away from the profession
passed down from generation to generation. As a result, the well-
known Jamdani designs of Bengal were lost.
Demotion of Jamdani

14. Since 1982, Bangladesh Small Industries
Corporation (BSIC) has taken various
initiatives to make the jamdani industry
more developed and profitable
*After independence, BSIC conducted 2
survey works in 1993 and 1999 in total 15
villages including 14 in Arabo Union of
Rupganj and 1 in Siddhirganj Union.
*The number of weavers in these
villages was 1119 in 1993 and 753 in
1999. In 1999, the number of looms was
2845. Subsequently, in the 2002 survey,
the number of units was 1528, the
number of looms in operation was 2519,
and the working manpower was 5,669
Current Situation
After the independence of
Bangladesh in 1978, a
dramatic change took place in
Jamdani. 'Arang' has just been
born. Within a short period of
time, 'Arang' has created a
place of trust among weaving
artists and consumers of native
cloth. At that time Sir Fazle
Hasan Abed Jamdani thought
to do something about the
industry.

15. *Lack of skilled and enthusiastic weavers is the
main obstacle in the way of revival of Jamdani.
*Weavers will not be interested in this labour-
intensive handicraft if decent wages are not
guaranteed.
*Many of the earlier famous and unforgettable
designs and weaves of the Jamdani saree are
now extinct.
*New craftsmen are not aware of most of the
designs. Transferring the original Jamdani
designs and weaving techniques to the new
generation is a challenge**
Current Problems of Developing Jamdani

16. For the development of jamdani industry, Bangladesh
government in 1992 to provide necessary support to the
artisans of this sector,
* Provision of infrastructure facilities, rehabilitation of
Jamdani entrepreneurs
* Development of socio-economic conditions of the
skilled population
* Preventing artisans from moving to other professions
* Encouraging the new generation of artisans
,* Providing designs and samples as per market
demand
*Increasing the quality and excellence of Jamdani
products through innovative technological innovations
,* BCIC set up industrial city and research center to
increase productivity and provide marketing support.In
that context,
*BCCI established Jamdani Industrial City and
Research Center in Noapara village of Tarabo Union of
Rupganj Upazila of Narayanganj District
In 2016 Muslin Exhibition and Muslin Revival
Festival was organized jointly by Arang,
Bangladesh National Museum and Drik Picture
Library. The news of making new muslin in
Bangladesh with 'footy carpus cotton' as the
main material for making muslin was widely
spread due to the exhibition. As a result,
Jamdani festival was celebrated nationally in
2019.
Future of Jamdani
Necessary steps have been taken

17. The once lost weaving industry has returned to
Bengal. If presented properly, our lost divinity
will regain its glory. The world will be enthralled
by the beautiful Nandakita of Jamdani sarees,
the glorious heritage of Bengal and Bengalis.
And the boundaries of our commitment will be
far and wide
Conclusion

18. THANK
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