SALIVARY GLAND

1. Anatomy and histology
-3 pairs of major salivary glands-
Parotid glands, submandibular
glands and sublingual glands.
-Other locations include- lateral
margins of tongue, palate, lips,
buccal mucosa.
- Seromucous glands of nasal cavity,
larynx and bronchi are histologically
similar to minor salivary glands.

2. -The fundamental structure of all salivary glands is the acinar-
ductal unit.
-Acini are variably composed of serous or mucous cells or both.
-Ductal unit include- Striated duct
- Intercalated duct
- Excretory duct
- Acini and intercalated ducts are surrounded by myoepithelial
cells.
- Preservation of the lobular architecture is an important feature
favouring the diagnosis of a non-neoplastic process over a
tumor.

3. • Cell differentiation results in three basic models
of salivary gland neoplasm.
- 1) In one form of differentiation, tumor cell
population results in a dual population that
combines recognizable luminal/glandular cells
with myoepithelial and/or basal cells.
- 2) A second pattern results primarily
in luminal/glandular cells that
resembles to some extent normal
duct epithelial and/or acinar cells.
- 3) The third process produces tumor
cells resembling normal myoepithelial
and/or basal cells.

4. CELLS MORPHOLOGY IMMUNOPHENOTYPE
Serous cells Pyramidal with basal nuclei,
abundant basophilic cytoplasm
rich in zymogen granules.
PAS positive
Mucicarmine negative
Mucous cells Cuboidal, to columnar, have pale,
finely vacuolated cytoplasm
containing sialomucins.
PAS positive
Mucicarmine positive
Luminal cells of
the intercalated
ducts
Cuboidal, lightly eosinophilic
cytoplasm and centrally located
nuclei
Cytokeratin
CEA (carcinoembryonic
antigen)
EMA (epithelial membrane
antigen)
CELL MORPHOLOGY AND IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC PROFILE

5. Myoepithelial cells Stellate shaped,
cytoplasmic processes
embracing the acini or
spindle shaped
surrounding the
intercalated ducts
p63
HMW Cytokeratin
(including CK14)
Calponin Myoid
Actin markers
Variably positive for
S100 protein
GFAP
CD10
Maspin
Basal cells Around the ducts, differ
from myoepithelial cells
in the absence of
myofilaments. Lack of
myoid markers (actin
and calponin)
p63
HMWCK