This document discusses the history and modern practice of anesthesiology. It outlines the major developments in anesthesia from the 18th century experiments with nitrous oxide to the establishment of anesthesiology as a medical specialty in the 1930s. It describes the types of anesthesia including general, local, and regional techniques. The document provides a sample day in the life of an anesthesiologist and reviews the extensive education and training required including four years of medical school, residency, and board certification. It also discusses the costs, compensation, job growth and personal qualities suited for a career in anesthesiology.

1. ANESTHESIOLOGY
Margaret LaPorte
HLTH 4190

2. Introduction
• Anesthesiology has had a gory history
• Through experimental research, modern techniques and
various medicines have become standard for any patient
undergoing an operation
• The exact mechanism of how anesthesia is unknown
• Anesthesia has allowed physicians to perform life-saving
operations safely and ethically
• Anesthesia has increased life-spans and quality of life

3. History of Anesthesia
• 17 April 1799: Humphry Davy – Nitrous Oxide
• 1844: Dentist Horace Wells – Nitrous Oxide for operation
• 1853: John Snow -- Administers chloroform to Queen
Victoria for childbirth
• 16 August 1897: Dr. August Bier – First spinal anesthetic
• 1917: Henry Boyle – First anesthetic machine
• 1930s: Anesthesiology offered as specialty
• 13 February 1943: Sir Robert Macintosh – Laryngoscope
• 1945: Epidural Needle

4. Types of Anesthesia
• General Anesthesia
• Loss of feeling in entire body, unconscious
• Modes: Inhaled, injected, swallowed
• Blood carries chemicals to brain, block pain impulses
• Common Drugs: Ketamine, propofol, thiopental
• Local Anesthesia
• Loss of pain in specific region of body
• Modes: Applied to surface or injected
• Types: Nerve block, spinal, injury treatment
• Common Drugs: Lidocane, tetracaine, procaine
• Uses: Eye/nose/mouth/skin operations, post-op pain, epidurals,
physical injuries

5. A Day In the Life
• 0600: Start of day
• 0615 – 0730: Look up patients for the day, start OR rooms,
begin blocks and lines
• 0645 – 0715: Educational lecture
• 0730: Start first case
• 0730 – 1200: Check on rooms, start new cases, wake patients
up, administer epidurals
• 1200: Lunch
• 1630: Leave for the day
• 1900: Leave for the day

6. Standard Procedures
• Anesthesia takes various types of cases
• All specialties
• ER
• Pediatric
• Speak to patient in pre-op about the procedure and any
concerns they may have
• Start their anesthesia and speak to Certified Registered
Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs)
• Administer Epidurals for scheduled C-sections or cases
coming in
• Wake patients up, check on post-op pain

7. Education
• High School
• Concentrate in the sciences
• Volunteer/Shadowing in the hospital
• Undergraduate
• Choose a Pre-Med related major
• Cover prerequisites for medical schools
• Take the MCAT/Apply to medical school
• Continue to shadow, build relationships, and take on leadership
roles

8. Education
• Medical School
• 4 years of medical school to achieve M.D.
• United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)
• 1st portion: End of 2nd year
• 1 day test
• Basic sciences
• Multiple choice
• 2nd portion: End of 4th year
• Two-day test
• Clinical Knowledge (CK) & Clinical Skills (CS)
• CK is multiple choice
• CS is diagnosing actors playing patients
• 3rd portion: End of 1st year of residency
• Two-day test
• Board Certified
• Residency
• 3-4 years

9. Costs
Year In-State Out-of-State
First, Second, Fourth $16,694 $29,926
Third $20,815 $34,473
Total $141,794 $248,502
One-Time Fees
Application: $95
Matriculation: $485
Gross Anatomy Course: $950
Total: $1530
Annual Fees
Student Insurance: $85
Radiation Safety Badge: $13
Physical Diagnosis: $758
Rotation Credentialing: $85
Syllabi: $300
Total After 4 Years: $4,964
Grand Totals
In-State: $148,288
Out-of-State: $254,996

10. Personal Qualities
• O*Net Profiler: I-C-S
• Investigative, Conventional, Social
• Investigative: Solving problems mentally
• Conventional: Following procedures and routines
• Social: Communicating with and teaching people
• Most of the “Best Fit” careers were different types of
physicians

11. My “Why”

12. Compensation & Growth
• Salary
• Resident
• Columbia, SC: $83,902
• Greenville, SC: $84,622
• Charleston, SC: $86,790
• Attending
• Columbia, SC: $338,858
• Greenville, SC: $344,482
• Charleston, SC: $337,825
• Projected Job Growth
• 18% from 2012 to 2022
• Higher demand due to aging population

13. Leisure Time
• Average of 13 paid vacation days
• Several weeks off throughout the year
• Depends on group or hospital
• Rotate holidays
• What do anesthesiologists like to do?
• Prefer foreign travel or beaches
• Stay physically active (most popular form of exercise is aerobics)
• Volunteering and pro-bono work
• Reading
• Cultural experiences

14. Conclusion
• Long road to become an anesthesiologist
• Need to take the proper steps
• Volunteering/Shadowing will show if it is the career path
for you
• Be willing to put in the hours
• Money cannot be the only motivator
• Remember to pick a career that fits your personality

15. Works Cited
"A Day in the Life - Resident Life." A Day in the Life - Resident Life. University of Rochester, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"American Society of Anesthesiologists - How to Prepare for a Career in Anesthesiology." American Society of Anesthesiologists - How to
Prepare for a Career in Anesthesiology. ASA, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Anesthesiologists." MyFuture.com. My Future, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Department of Anesthesiology." FAQ. UNC School of Medicine, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Fees 2016-2017." Fees 2016-2017. Medical University of South Carolina, 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
Freeman, Shanna. "How Anesthesia Works." HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks.com, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Interests." Interests. O*Net, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"List of General Anesthetics - Drugs.com." List of General Anesthetics - Drugs.com. Drugs.com, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
Markel, Dr. Howard. "The Painful Story behind Modern Anesthesia." PBS. PBS, 16 Oct. 2013. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Medscape." Medscape. Medscape, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
Munson, Edwin S. "Anesthesia." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Physician - Anesthesiology Salaries." By Education, Experience, Location and More. Salary.com, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.
"Timeline." History of Anaesthesia Society. History of Anaesthesia Society, n.d. Web. 28 Aug. 2016.