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Processamento de
linguagem natural
Marco Maurício (Aluno 35446)
Introdução
• Alan Turing
• Subárea da Inteligência Artificial e da Linguagem
• Objetivo : Extração de informação
Temas
Exemplos Empresas
Exemplos comerciais
• ”The market for text analytics alone may rise to $978 million in 2014 from $499 million in
2011.” – De acordo com um relatório da Forrester Research (FORR).
• “During the Super Bowl, Kia went from a 4 percent share of the overall conversations
about autos to 9 percent. Positive sentiment increased from 4 percent to 18 percent, and the
trend continued in the following week” – Vice-Presidente da KIA Michael Sprague
Minimum Edit Distance
• Usado em correção de texto
• Número mínimo de operações para transformar uma palavra noutra
• Aural & Oral
• Levenshtein – substituições têm peso 2
Naive Bayes Algorithm
• Um dos mais importantes algoritmos de Classificação de texto
• Baseia-se na noção de uma “Bag of Words”
• Algoritmo probabilístico
Exemplo Naive Bayes
Documento Palavras Classe
1 Games Sony Japan A
2 Sony Japan A
3 Nintendo Games Japan B
4 Games Sony Nintendo Japan
Japan
?
P(Classe X) =
(𝑛º 𝐷𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑒 𝑋)
(𝑛º 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠)
P(Palavra Y|X)=
(𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑌 𝑒𝑚 𝑋) + 1
(𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑠)+|𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠+1|
P(Games|A) =
2
9
P(Games|B) =
2
7
P(Sony|A) =
3
9
P(Nintendo|B) =
2
7
P(Japan | A) =
3
9
P(Japan|B) =
2
7
P(A|D4) =
2
3
∗
2
9
∗
3
9
∗
3
9
2
= 0.005487
P(B|D4) =
1
3
∗
2
7
∗
2
7
∗
2
7
2
= 0.002221
Referências
• http://goo.gl/uITxhb
• http://goo.gl/1ecBST
• http://goo.gl/r5Nign
• http://goo.gl/66OLHY
• http://slidesha.re/1iUM2VS
• http://stanford.io/1g2DI6r
• http://goo.gl/M6rwcf

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Natural Language Processing

  • 2. Introdução • Alan Turing • Subárea da Inteligência Artificial e da Linguagem • Objetivo : Extração de informação
  • 5. Exemplos comerciais • ”The market for text analytics alone may rise to $978 million in 2014 from $499 million in 2011.” – De acordo com um relatório da Forrester Research (FORR). • “During the Super Bowl, Kia went from a 4 percent share of the overall conversations about autos to 9 percent. Positive sentiment increased from 4 percent to 18 percent, and the trend continued in the following week” – Vice-Presidente da KIA Michael Sprague
  • 6. Minimum Edit Distance • Usado em correção de texto • Número mínimo de operações para transformar uma palavra noutra • Aural & Oral • Levenshtein – substituições têm peso 2
  • 7. Naive Bayes Algorithm • Um dos mais importantes algoritmos de Classificação de texto • Baseia-se na noção de uma “Bag of Words” • Algoritmo probabilístico
  • 8. Exemplo Naive Bayes Documento Palavras Classe 1 Games Sony Japan A 2 Sony Japan A 3 Nintendo Games Japan B 4 Games Sony Nintendo Japan Japan ? P(Classe X) = (𝑛º 𝐷𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑒 𝑋) (𝑛º 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠) P(Palavra Y|X)= (𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑌 𝑒𝑚 𝑋) + 1 (𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑠)+|𝑝𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑣𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠+1| P(Games|A) = 2 9 P(Games|B) = 2 7 P(Sony|A) = 3 9 P(Nintendo|B) = 2 7 P(Japan | A) = 3 9 P(Japan|B) = 2 7 P(A|D4) = 2 3 ∗ 2 9 ∗ 3 9 ∗ 3 9 2 = 0.005487 P(B|D4) = 1 3 ∗ 2 7 ∗ 2 7 ∗ 2 7 2 = 0.002221
  • 9. Referências • http://goo.gl/uITxhb • http://goo.gl/1ecBST • http://goo.gl/r5Nign • http://goo.gl/66OLHY • http://slidesha.re/1iUM2VS • http://stanford.io/1g2DI6r • http://goo.gl/M6rwcf