The document describes depth-first search (DFS) and breadth-first search (BFS) graph traversal algorithms. DFS uses a stack and processes each node by first exploring all of its neighbor nodes before backtracking, while BFS uses a queue and processes nodes level-by-level from the starting node outwards. Both algorithms initialize all nodes as ready, process nodes by changing their status, and add neighboring ready nodes to the stack/queue to change their status to waiting.