3. CONTENTS
WATER AND AIR PREVENTION ACT
๏บ OBJECTIVES
๏บ DEFINATION
๏บ CONSTITUTION OF BOARDS
๏บ FUNCTIONS
๏บ POWERS
๏บ PENALTIES FORVIOLATION OFTHE PROVISION OFTHE ACT
๏บ CASE STUDY
4. PREVENTION ACT (197
โขThe water Act was the culmination of over a decade of
Discussion and deliberation between centers and state.
โข The history and the preamble of the water act suggest
That only state government can enact water pollution
Legislation.
โข The Act vests regulatory authority in state boards and
Empowers these boards to establish and enforce effluent
And enforce effluent standards for factories discharging
Pollutants into water bodies.
5. OBJECTIVES OF THIS ACT
The act has been passed to provide for the following objectives:
๏ง prevention and control of water pollution.
๏ง maintaining or restoring the wholesomeness of water.
๏ง Establishment of boards of the prevention and control of water
pollution.
6. DEFINATIONS OF POLLUTIONS UNDER
THE ACT
WATER Pollution has been elaborately define as the
contamination of water, or the alteration of physical, chemical
or biological properties of water for the discharge of any
sewage or trade effluent which is likely to render such water
harmful or injurious to:
๏ public health or safety
๏ domestic, commercial ,industrial ,agricultural or other uses
๏ life and health of plants , animals or aquatic organisms.
7. CONSTITUTION OF BOARDS
๏ง CONSTITUTION OF CENTRAL BOARD
๏ง CONSTITUTION OF STATE BOARDS
๏ง COSTITUTION OF COMMITTES
๏ง CONSTITUTION OF JOINT BOARDS
๏ง MEETING OF BOARDS
8. FUNCTIONS OF THE BOARDS
CENTRAL BOARDS STATE BOARDS
๏ TO PROMOTE CLAENLINESS OF
STREAMS AND WELLS IN DIFFERENT
AREAS OFTHE STATE.
๏ TO ADVISE THE CENTRAL
GOVERNMENT ON MATTERS
CONCERNING THE PREVENTION AND
CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION.
๏ TO ORGANISE TRAINING OF PERSON
ENGAGED IN POLLUTION CONTROL.
๏ TO ESTABLISH OR RECOGNISE
LABORATORIES FOR ANALYSIS OF
WATER SAMPLES FROM ANY STREAM,
WELL ORTRADE EFFLUENTS.
๏ PLANNING A COMPREHENSIVE
PROGRAMME FOR PREVENTION,
CONTROL AND ABATEMENT OF
POLLUTION OF STREAMS AND
WELLS.
๏ ADVISING THE STATE GOVERNMENT
REGARDING WATER POLLUTION
CONTROL OR LOCATION OF
INDUSTRIES.
๏ ESTABLISHING OR RECOGNISHING
LABORATORIES FOR ANALYSIS OF
SAMPLES.
๏ LAYING DOWN THE STANDARDS OF
TREATMENT OF SEWAGE AND
TRADE EFFLUENTS TO BE
DISCHARGED INTOANY STREAM.
9. POWERS OF STATE GOVERNMENT
๏ง POWERSTO OBTAIN INFORMATION
๏ง POWERTOTAKE SAMPLES
๏ง POWERS OF ENTRY AND INSPETION
๏ง POWER OF PROHIBITION ON DISPOSAL OF POLLUTING MATTER
INTO A STREAM ORWELL
10. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION OF THE
PROVISION OF THE ACT
๏ง IN CASE OF FAILURE TO GIVE INFORMATION BY A PERSON DISCHARGING
EFFLUENTE INTO STREAM OR WELL OR REGARDING CONSTRUCTION OR
ESTABLISHMENT OF A DISPOSAL SYSTEM THE PENALTY IS
IMPRISONMENT UPTO 3 MONTHS OR FINE Rs. 10000/- OR BOTH.
๏ง IN CASE OF PERMITTING POLLUTING MATERIAL INTO ANY STREAM ,
WELL, OR LAND THE PENALTY IS IMPRISONMENT FOR ON AND HALF
YEARTO SIXYEARS OR FINE OR BOTH.
๏ง IN CASE OF DESTROYING OR DAMAGING THE PROPERTY OF THE BOARD,
OBSTRUCTING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE BOARDโS FUNCTION, THE
PENALTY IS IMPRISONMENT UPTO 3 MONTHS OR FINE Rs. 10000/- OR
BOTH
11. CASE STUDY: DEEP WATER
HORIZON OIL SPILL
๏ง The spill caused extensive damage to marine and
wildlife habitat as well as gulfs fishing and tourism
industries
๏ง In January 2011, an oil spill commissioner reported
that tar ball continue to wash up, oil sheen trails are
seen in the wake of continue to wash of fishing boats
, wetland , marsh grass remains fouled and dying,
and that crude oil lies offshore in deep water and in
fine silts and sand onshore.
๏ง A researcher team found oil on the bottom of the
sea floor in ate February 2011 that did not seem to
be degrading.
12. AIR PREVENTION ACT(1981)
โขThis act meant for preserving quality of air,
controlling air pollution and preventing effect
of air pollutants.
โข By an Amendment in 1987, a noise was also
Identified as air pollution.
13. OBJECTIVES OF THE ACT
๏ง THISACT HAS BEEN PASSEDTO PROVIDE FORTHE FOLLOWING:
๏ PREVENTION,CONTROLANDABATEMENT OF AIR POLLUTION.
๏ MAINTAININGTHE QUALITY OF AIR.
๏ง ESTABLISHMENT OF BOARDS FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
OF AIR POLLUTION.
14. DEFINATIONS OF POLLUTIONS UNDER
THE ACT
๏ง โAIR POLLUTIONโ MEANS THE PRESENCE OF ANY AIR POLLUTANTS IN
THE ATMOSPHERE.
๏ง โAIR POLLUTANTSโ MEANS ANY SOLID,LIQUID OR GASEOUS
SUBSTANCES PRESENT IN THE ATMOSHPHERE IN SUCH
CONCENTRATION AS MAY BE OR TEND TO BE INJURIOUS TO HUMAN
BEINGS OR OTHER LIVING CREATURES OR PROPERTY OR
ENVIRONMENT.
15. FUNCTIONS OF CENTRAL BOARDS
๏ง Advice the central government on any matter concerning
the improvement of the quality of the air and the
prevention , control or abatement of air pollution.
๏ง Coordinate the Activity of the state boards and resolve
disputes among them.
๏ง Collect, compile and publish technical and statistical data
relating to air pollution and the measures devised for its
effective prevention and control.
๏ง Lay down standards for the quality of air.
16. POWERS OF THE BOARDS
๏ง POWERTO DECLAREAIR POLLUTIONCONTROL AREAS
๏ง POWER TO ESTABLISH STANDARDS FOR EMISSIONOF AIR
POLLUTION FROM AUTOMOBILES
๏ง POWER TO RESTRICT USE OF CERTAIN INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
๏ง POWER OF ENTRY AND INSPECTION
๏ง POWER TO TAKE SAMPLES
17. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF THE
PROVISIONS UNDER THE ACT
๏ง The main drawback of these act lies in giving the
defaulter 60 days notice before taking him to court as by
the time the case filled in court.
๏ง The offender may destroy the evidence, in which case it
become difficult to prove the offence.
๏ง Another draw back is that no consent is required to be
taken from the board for Establishing an industry outside
the air pollution control area even though its Emission
may be reaching the air pollution control area also.
18. CASE STUDY : BHOPAL GAS
Bhopal gas tragedy, a disaster that happened by a gas leak
is considered as one of the worlds worst industrial
catastrophes that occurred on the night of December 3
1984 at the union carbide India Limited (UCIL) .
A leak of methyl ISOCYANATE (MIC) gas and other
chemicals from the plant resulted in the exposure of
thousand of people.
The toxic substance spread its way in and around the
neighborhood located near the plant that resulted in very
high death toll.
This effect human health by causing Respiratory disorders,
Cancer hazard , Reproductive hazard Etc.
