it helpful to us

1.  SUBMITTED BY
 MR.MANIKANT
KUMAR
 COURSE –B.SC(H)
AGRICULTURE
 ROLL NO -
1084301096.
 SUBMITTED TO
 MR. JAGRAJ SINGH
 ASSISSTANT
PROFFESSOR
 OF AGRICULTURE
 DEPARTMENT

2.  Survey: Survey is a planned activity to collect some
data.
 Surveillance: When survey of the same area/ plot or
locality is carried out at regular intervals to record
some observation or to ascertain the changes in the
subject of study, it is called as surveillance. In other
words pest surveillance is the close and constant vigil
on insect population in a particular area.
 Objectives of survey and surveillance:
 To monitor the pest population and /or damage
regularly to arrive at a decision whether control
measures are required or not, if required when to
initiate the control measures.
 Pest forecasting with reasonable precision.

3.  In quantitative survey a count of insects is
required.
 Due to large number and/or secretive nature
it is not possible or even desirable to count
each and every individual in a population.
 Hence more efficient method is by sampling.

4.  Conducted over a large area to determine
information like species distribution, status
of injurious insect stages.
 Usually a single insect stage is sampled.
 Only one or few samples are taken per
season.
 Only moderate levels of precision are
required and emphasis on low co

5.  Conducted as part of research in population
ecology.
 Here sampling is done frequently, in a small
area
 All or most stages in the life cycle are
sampled
 High degree of precision in sought

6.  Pest forecasting with reasonable precision.
 Endemic areas of various pests may also be
marked.

7.  Qualitative: To identify the different insect
species present over an area or their density
whether abundant, common, rare, in traces,
etc
 Quantitative: To estimate the exact number
of one or more species of insects in time and
space.