2. MARGINS AND ADAPTION
DISASTER RESCUE AND RELIEF
CHANGING CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND EXPONENTIAL POPULATION GROWTH ARE ALREADY AFFECT-
ING THE ABILITY OF THE CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE TO COPE WITH DEMAND. LONDON’S EXPOSURE
TO NATURAL DISASTERS IS ALSO INCREASING
ASTHESEEXTREMECONDITIONSBECOMEMOREFREQUENT,METHODSFORRESPONDINGANDADAPT-
ING TO CRISIS NEED TO BE DEVELOPED, PARTICULARLY IN CITIES LIKE LONDON WHERE HIGH POPU-
LATION DENSITY, CROWDED LIVING CONDITIONS AND THE SITING OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN PLACES
EXPOSED TO NATURAL HAZARDS PUT THE POPULATION AT HIGH RISK.
DESIGN A FACILITY WHICH IS A CENTRE FOR RESPONDING TO NATURAL/OR MAN-MADE DISAS-
TERS OF SOME FORM.
3. CONTENT
1. BRIEF PAGE 4
2. RESEARCH
3. STRUCTURAL LOGIC
4. PROPOSAL
Masterplan
Site location
Climate analysis of the site
Process diagram
Hydroponic system
3D printing
Multiple component design strategy
Criteria for a simple component
Construction process
Construction detail
Connection detail
Materials
Precedents
Diagrams of the proposal
Plants
Sun path analysis
Calculation of average radius
Aplication of the principles
Development of the design
Variable of the design process
Application of the variables
Plimsoll line
Environmental strategy
Sections of the component
3D views
Site plan
PAGE 9
PAGE 21
PAGE 50
5. 0 1 5 10 20 100 1 : 1000
KEW GARDENS
BRENTFORD
LOT’S AIT
Lot's Ait is an ait (island) in the River Thames. It is on the Tideway near Brentford,
in the Borough of Hounslow, London, England, and its size is approximately 51,000
square feet (4,738 m2).
LOCATION OF THE SITE
6. SCENE: RISE OF POPULATION
People will bring their waste to the containers
located on the river
Containerswillbecollectedand brought to the site Plastic and glass will be recycled
1 : 500
A
A´
0 5 20 50
1990 2012 2014 2020 2025 2030
POPULATION IN MILLIONS
WASTE IN POUNDS PER DAY
RECYCLED PERCENTAGE
10 M9.5 M9.1 M8.6 M8.3 M6.8 M
20.7%
44%
44.2%
50%
60%
80%
43 P40.9 P39.1 P36.9 P35.7 P
29.2 P
FOOD PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION OF THE RUBBISH COLLECTION/TRANSPORTATION RECYCLING/CONVERTION RECYCLED PRODUCTS:GREENHOUSE
ORGANIC PAPER PLASTICGLASS METAL
WASTE RECYCLE GREENHOUSE
MORE FOOD FOR INCREASING POPULATION
MORE SPACE TO THE CITY
01 02 03 04
Recycled material will be brought back to the city
INCREASING POPULATION DECREASING SPACE
7. SITE: BRENTFORD LOITS AID
hrs
299+
269
239
209
179
149
119
89
59
<29
N
15°
30°
45°
60°
75°
90°
105°
120°
135°
150°
165°
180°
195°
210°
225°
240°
255°
270°
285°
300°
315°
330° 345°
10°
20°
30°
40°
50°
60°
70°
80°
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1st Jan
1st Feb
1st Mar
1st Apr
1st May
1st Jun
1st Jul
1st Aug
1st Sep
1st Oct
1st Nov
1st Dec
NORTH
15°
30°
45°
60°
75°
EAST
105°
120°
135°150°
165°
SOUTH
195°
210°
225°
240°
255°
W
EST
285°
300°
315°
330° 345°
10 km/ h
20 km/ h
30 km/ h
40 km/ h
50 km/ h
Annual sunpath
Wind analysis
CIRCULATION: DISTRIBUTION OF SPACE
W
E
N
S
PRIVATE SPACE
PUBLIC SPACE
W
E
N
S
RECYCLING SPACE
GREENHOUSE
MARKET
GREEN SPACE
GREEN SPACE
MARKET DAY
WEEK DAY
WEEKEND
Mainly staff working in the factory and the greenhouses plus a few visiting people
Visiting people plus few staff on the greenhouses.
Afluence of visitors in the island plus staff working for the market and greenhouses.
GREENHOUSE
FLOATING GREENHOUSES
10. PROCESS DIAGRAM
Workers collect rubbish from the Brentford area and drop it into
Passive Debris Collector (PDC) , which at the same time collects
the rubbish passing throught the river.
The PDCs are collected and brought to the site , where the rubbish is deliv-
Once in the containers plastic is separarted from the rest of the rubbish.
for shredding of particularly hard materials as
plastics.
FRP will be converted into the remaining structure of
the greenhouses.
All components will be assembled on site and located
on the river.
COLLECTION OF THE RUBBISH TRANSPORTATION TO SITE RECYCLING OF THE PLASTIC WASTE CREATION OF NEW COMPONENTS ASSEMBLING OF THE GREENHOUSES
12. 3D PRINTING
The plastic waste is going to be
separated and melted so it is con-
verted into 3d printing filament.
The 3d printing machine will create
the most siuitable shape depending
the season and the needs of the
comunity.
The pieces are going to be con-
nected and the greenhouses are
going to be assembled.
RECYCLE PLASTIC 3D PRINT GREENHOUSE01 02 03
13. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PETE
HDPE
PVC
LDPE
PP
PS
OTHER
PETE
HDPE
PVC
LDPE
PP
PS
OTHER
POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE
HIGH-DENSITY PLYETHYLENE
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
LOW DENSITY POLYPROPYLENE
POLYPROPYLENE
POLYSTYRENE
PLASTICS,ACRYLIC,FIBERGLASS,NYLON,POLYC
ARBONATE(PC) AND POLYLACTIC ACID AND
MULTILAYER COMBINATIONS OD DIF PLASTICS
SOFT DRINK, WATER, COOKING OIL BOTTLES
GROSSERY BAGS, MILK JOGS, RECYCLING BIN, AGRICULTURAL PIPE, YOGURT CUPS, PLAYGROUND EQUIPMENT
PIPE, FENCING, SHOWER CURTAINS, LAWN CHAIRS, NON FOOD BOTTLES, CONDIMENT BOTTLES, PLASTIC
WRAP, CHILDREN TOYS
PRODUCE BAGS, FOOD STORAGE CONTAINERS, VARIOUS CONTAINERS
AUTO PARTS, INDUSTRIAL FIBERS, FOOD CONTAINERS, DISHWARE, BOTTLE CAPS
DESK ACCESORIES, CAFE TRAYS, PLASTIC UTENSILS, TOYS, PACKAGING PEANUTS, MEAT CONTAINERS, FOAM
FOOD, CONTAINERS AS STYRFOAM
PLASTICS,ACRYLIC,FIBERGLASS,NYLON,POLYC
ARBONATE(PC) AND POLYLACTIC ACID AND
MULTILAYER COMBINATIONS OD DIF PLASTICS
3D
3D
RECYCLING POINTS
LOCATED IN THE UK
RECYCLING POINTS
LOCATED IN THE UK
RECYCLING POINTS
LOCATED IN THE UK
FIBBERGLASS
CLASSIFICATION OF PLASTICS
18. JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRILM AY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER
Apples
Apricot
Lemons
Kiwi
Guava
Grapes
Grapefruit
Figs
Dates
Cherries
Boysenberries
Blueberries
Blackberries
Avocados
Limes
Melons
Strawberries
Rasberries
Pomegranates
Plums
Pears
Peaches
Oranges
Nectarines
Tangerines
DECEMBER
WINTER SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN
FRUITS
FRUIT CHART
19. JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRILM AY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER
Artichokes
Arugula
Mustard greens
Kale
Farra beans
Eggplant
Cucumbers
Watercress
Corn
Cauliflower
Brussels
Bok Choy
Basil
Asparagus
Okra
Parships
Tomatoes
Tomatillos
Sweet potatoes
Winter swuash
Summer squash
Rhubarb
Bell peppers
Peas
Turnips
DECEMBER
WINTER SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN
VEGETABLES
VEGETABLES CHART
20. JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBERJANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBERDECEMBERDECEMBER
WINTER SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN
Strawberries
Grapes
Cherries
Apples
Asparagus
Tomatoes
Corn
Cauliflower
Kiwi
MARKET
WINTER SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN
MOST APPROPRIATE VEGETABLES AND FRUITS
22. DEVELOPMENT OF THE DESIGN
CRITERIA FOR SIMPLE COMPONENT: MULTIPLE COMPONENT DESIGN STRATEGY:
SUN LIGHT
PROGRAMME SCHEDULE
INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE PLANTS
ADAPTABILITY TO DIFFERENT LOCATIONS
CAPABILITY OF EXPANDING THE PROJECT TO MEET A VARIETY OF SITUA-
TIONS
CREATION OF A GRASSHOPPER INTERFACE ABLE TO CONNET PROPOSAL
WITH FABRICATION
- Design of the most efficient shape responding
to sun radiation
- Greenhouse ( Different type for each of the seasons
- Market
-Gathering area
- Hydroponic system
- Greenhouse
- Floating
VARIABILITY
- Masterplan adaptable to any location on the
river.
- Constant adjustment of the design to react to
conditions or issues that come up
- Parametric design
- Able to connect design with a 3D printer
- Able to connect design to analysis tools like
ecotect,kangaroo,smart space...
- Able to plug in the any kind of data to adjust
the design to that specific information
24. SUN PATH
JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL JUNE
JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER
10 : 00
14 : 00
18 : 00
MAY
10 : 00
14 : 00
18 : 00
UNITED KINGDOM LONDON
Sun path calculation on three times of the day on each of the months. Brentford, Greater London TW8 0BB
28. RESHAPE AIMING FOR THE MOST EFFICIENT FORM DRIVEN BY SUN RADIATION
N
1 5°
30°45°
60°
75°
90°
1 05°
1 20°
1 35°
1 50°
1 65°
1 80°
1 95°
21 0° 225°
240°
255°
270°
285°
300°
31 5°
330°
345°
06
07
08
09
1 0
1 1
1 2 1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
1 8
N
1 5°
30°
45°
60°
75°
90°
1 05°
1 20°
1 35°
1 50°
1 65°
1 80°
1 95° 21 0° 225°
240°
255°
270°
285°
300°
31 5°
330°
345°
06
07
08
09
1 0
1 1
1 2 1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
1 8
N
1 5°
30°
45°
60°
75°
90°
1 05°
1 20°
1 35°
1 50°
1 65°
1 80°
1 95° 21 0° 225°
240°
255°
270°
285°
300°
31 5°
330°
345°
06
07
08
09
1 0
1 1
1 2 1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
1 7
1 8
W h/ m2
3000+
2720
2440
21 60
1 880
1 600
1 320
1 040
760
480
200
TIPICAL GREENHOUSE
Light reflcts on the roof during the Spring and the
Summer
STEP 1
Adjust roof to the right angle to maximun solar exposure.
STEP 2
Curve the form to reduce surface area
29. SUMMER
AUTUMN SPRING
WINTER
54
22
38
Floating platform
Curved efficiency
Opening for Market place
APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLES TO THE SPECIFIC GREENHOUSES
Application of different sizes radius into the three most efficient angles for each of the season greenhouses.
Extension of the shape to be able to fit the infrastructure underneath to make it float
Opening flipping door to be able to acces the different greenhouses Connection of the components to make it more stable
30. 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008
A
A’
Plastic containers filled with air in order to make
the greenhouse float.
Hanging from the structure, infrastructure for the
plants.
As part of the structural section, creation of dif-
ferent shape to make different inside furniture to
meet necesities of the programme schedule.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE DESIGN
31. 5 10
SCALE 1 :100
10
SCALE 1 :100
Opening to allow natural ventilation to mantain the
best temperature for the plants
Creation of inside ribs to make the plastic structure
more consistent
Water pump for watering system of the plants
Joints between sections to allow piping inbetween.
Watering system inbetween the ribs
33. 0 1 5 10
1 : 50
Tri-wall polycarbonate
Water pump
Curved I beams
Collection of rainwater
Controled ventilation
g
g
stablenon stable
Detail of window opening
34. 0 1 5 10
1 : 50
SHORT SECTION
A B
C C’
A’ B’
0 1 5 10
LONG SECTION BB’
5 10
1 : 50
ON AA’
35. Infrastruture for hanging the plants: different lev-
els for each of the plants.
Baby plant space for first weeks
Storage area for the facility
Connection between two components and the in-
between panels
Container to keep the greenhouse
floating
Perforated flooring to let water
fiter to the container
38. Structure to support the plants
Insulation to preserve the temperature inside the
greenhouse.
Fliping door to allow connection with the ground
39.
40. Neccesity of a stronger structure which will be al-
low to create hanging spaces for the plants.
Shelves to allow different neccesities of each of the
plants.
41. Flipping doors to connect the greenhouse with the
land
Creation of a dock to make acces easier to the
greenhouses
44. VARIABLES OF THE DESIGN PROCESS
ADDITIVE
SPACING
SCALE
ADHERENCE TO THE SHORE
EXTRUSION
SKIN
45. Solid shape able to supply the necesity at
extreme situation.
Extreme situation of creation of waste is
increasing, so does the greenhouses propor-
tionally.
Adaptable to any kind of shore and any kind
of size and angle depending necessity of the
area,designed by a parametric script
Skin in between sections to keep each of the
greenhouses in the right temperature and at-
mosphere.
ADDITIVE
SPACING SCALE
ADHERENCE
EXTRUSION SKIN
SOLID SHAPE ABLE TO SUPPLY THE NECCESITY OF
EXTREME CONDITIONS
AS WASTE IS INCREASING THE GREENHOUSES IN-
CREASE PROPORTIONALLY
ADAPTABLE TO ANY SHORE AND AT THE SAME TIME
TO ANY CLIMATE CONDITIONS
VARIABLE SKIN DEPENDING THE USE OF THE SPACE
46. ADDITIVESPACING SCALE ADHERENCE EXTRUSION SKIN
Different spacing inbetween sec-
tions
1 000 mm
2 100 mm
3 000 mm
Addition of sections depending the neccesity
1 section
5 sections
20 sections
50 sections
Variable sizes depending the season
Summer greenhouse
Winter greenhouse
Atumn greenhouse
Spring greenhouse
Adaptable to the site following the cur-
vature of the shore.
Variable extrusions:
100 mm
200 mm
500 mm
Variable opacity of the skin depending
sun radiation and the neeeds of the
plants.
APPLICATION OF THE VARIABLES WITH A FLAT SURFACE
48. OVERAL SHAPE OF THE DESIGN empty
- 40 meters x 7 long x 2.3 tall = 644 cubic meters
1 cubic meter of seawater weight 30 kg
- 644 cubic meters x 30kg = 19320 kg
Weight of boat and equipment = 3000 kg + 1600 kg
- 19 320 / 7.8 m tall = 2476 kg
- 4600/ 2476= 1.85 meters
- 40 meters x 7 long x 2.3 tall = 644 cubic meters
1 cubic meter of seawater weight 30 kg
- 644 cubic meters x 30kg = 19320 kg
Weight of boat and equipment = 3000 kg
- 19 320 / 7.8 m tall = 2476 kg
- 3000/ 2476= 1.20 meters
PLIMSOLL LINE
ONE COMPONENT empty
- 2 meters x 7 long x 2.3 tall = 32.2 cubic meters
1 cubic meter of seawater weight 30 kg
- 32.2 cubic meters x 30kg = 966 kg
Weight of boat and equipment = 150 kg
- 966 / 7.8 m tall = 123 kg
- 150/ 123 = 1.20 meters
1.20 meters
ONE COMPONENT with 5 people
- 2 meters x 7 long x 2.3 tall = 32.2 cubic meters
1 cubic meter of seawater weight 30 kg
- 32.2 cubic meters x 30kg = 966 kg
Weight of boat and equipment = 150 kg + 400kg (95people)
- 966 / 7.8 m tall = 123 kg
- 550 / 123 = 4.6 meters
4.6 meters
OVERAL SHAPE OF THE DESIGN based :
1.20 meters
1.85 meters
MAXIMUN OF 20 PEOPLE ON 20 SECTIONS
TF
F
T
S
W
WNA
L R
TF Tropical fresh water
F Fresh water
T Tropical salt water
S Salt water in summer W
WNA Winter in North Atlantic
LR Lloyd’s Register
centre of gravity
centre of gravity
centre of gravity
centre of gravity
49. ENVIROMENTAL STRATEGY
COLLECTION OF RAINWATER
NATURAL VENTILATION MECHANIZED TO KEEP
THE RIGHT TEMPERATURE FOR THE GREEN-
HOUSE
Fliping door to create a connection
with the platforms.
Water is treated and Minerals are added
Clean water is pumped to the
plants
The water keeps the balance of the
greenhouse.Ballast
MOST EFFICIENT ANGLE CALCULATED BASED ON
SUN RADIATION.
minerals
VIEW
RIVER WATER CHANGES THE TEMPERATURE OF THE
WATER IN THE CONTAINER DEPENDING ON THE SEASON
01
02
03
04
