AN OVERVIEW OF RECENT TECHNOLOGY BASED COMPACT TITRATOR By Mr. Tauquir Alam & Ms. Abida Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Northern Border University Rafha, Saudi Arbia

1. AN OVERVIEW OF COMPACT TITRATOR
AN OVERVIEW OF COMPACT TITRATOR
By
Mr. Tauquir Alam & Ms. Abida
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Faculty of Pharmacy
Northern Border University
Rafha, Saudi Arbia
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

2. Titration
Titration is an analytical technique which allows the quantitative
determination of a specific substance (analyte) dissolved in a sample.
It is based on a complete chemical reaction between the analyte and a
reagent (titrant) of known concentration which is added to the
sample.
Titrator (Compact Titrator)
A titrator (Compact Titrator) is an instrument which allows the
automation of all operations involved in titration.
INTRODUCTION
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

3. • AUTOMATED COMPACT TITRATOR G10SDESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

4. DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

5. TITRANT BOTTLE
DRYING TUBE
DISPENSING
TUBE
Drying tube is used
for the purpose of
keeping the vessel
free of moisture.
Long red color tube
connected with titrant
vessel is used to
dispense accurate
volume with accurate
and precise manner.
DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

6. COMPACT STIRRER
TITRANT BOTTLE
Stirrer is used for
continuous mixing,
with accurate
rotation.
The Titrant bottle is
used to keep and store
the titrant.
DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

7. ELECTRODE
Store and maintain the
sensor as in the operating
instructions. Poor sensor
response results in titrant
consumption and results
that are too high. Perform
a sensor test periodically
to check (pH sensor) .
TITRATION STAND
Titration stand
maintained the
grip to the
dispensing tube,
sensor and stirrer.
DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

8. TITRANT VESSELS
Titration vessels used to keep
the unknown concentration of
the solution or analyte, 0.7 to
1gm and dilute it with the
volume of 50mL distilled
water.
1.LED
2-On /off button
DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

9. TOUCH
SCREEN
DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

10. Maintained the
adjustment of the
burette
Help to dispense
accurate volume
with automatic
Suction tube
connected with
titrant bottle to
burette.
DESIGN OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

11. WORKING OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

12. MANUAL TITRAION vs COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

13. Manual
Titration
Automated
Titration
Burette Graduated glass burette Plastic burette
Indication Visual (Indicators) Sensor
Titration addition Manual Automatically
controlled
Data recorded Only used titrant volume Titration curve
MANUAL TITRAION vs COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

14. ▪ Accurate and precise results - due to the automatic titrant addition
and the possibility of adding very small amounts of titrant (lower
than 0.001 mL).
▪ Fast but still precise titrations - due to the controlled titrant addition
determined by an algorithm (small increments near the equivalence
point).
▪ Highly reproducible results - since no operator interaction is
needed the results are highly reproducible even if another operator
performs the analysis.
ADVANTAGES OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

15. ▪ Full titration curve is recorded, which allows a titration to the
equivalence point and post-processing.
▪ The results can be calculated and printed automatically by the
titrator.
▪ Traceability - the titration curve and the results can be stored (e.g. on
a computer if the titrator is connected) or printed directly.
▪ Operator has minimal contact with chemicals since
the titrant and the reagents can be added directly from
the bottle.
▪ Depending on the titrator, the analysis can be fully automated thus
saving time.
ADVANTAGES OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

16. TITRATION BEAKERS
▪ Use absolutely clean titration beakers.
▪ Clean titration beakers in a dishwasher and rinse at least 2
times with deionised water.
▪ The material of the beakers (plastic or glass) should be
resistant to all chemicals used for the titration.
▪ If the analytes are sensitive to light use special beakers which
protect the sample from UV radiation.
▪ Remove all bubbles from the tubes (or the results will be too
high) by tapping gently during rinsing.
TIPS AND HINTS FOR BETTER RESULT
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

17. SAMPLE SOLUTION
▪ The overall sample solution (sample, reagents and solvent)
should be enough to cover the sensor, typically 50 mL. Add
solvent (water for aqueous titrations) if the volume is too
small.
▪ The amount of sample should be chosen such that the titrant
consumption is within 20 % to 90 % of the burette volume.
TIPS AND HINTS FOR BETTER RESULT
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

18. TITRANT
▪ Use high purity, stable, non-hygroscopic substances with a
high molecular weight (for a high sample size) as the titer
standard substance.
▪ Protect titrant from CO2, UV radiation, humidity or other
factors which may have an influence on the concentration.
TIPS AND HINTS FOR BETTER RESULT
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

19. The compact titrator can be / has been used in the analysis of food,
beverages, drugs, APIs, and Cosmetics.
For Students of NBU
Following experiments in the practical class of pharmaceutical analytical
chemistry have been planned.
1. To understand the working of compact titrator and its pharmaceutical
applications
2. To determine the concentration of acetic acid in the given sample of
vinegar available in rafha using a compact titrator
APPLICATIONS
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

20. For Research Work
This instrument can be used to asses the quality of acidic / basic API or
pharmaceutical formulations thereof.
APPLICATIONS
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

21. APPLICATIONS
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

22. APPLICATIONS
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

23. The CT is sensor selective
CHALLENGES
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

24. ▪ METTLER TOLEDO, ABC of Titration in Theory and Practice, 2013
▪ METTLER TOLEDO, Titration Fundamentals for Education and Background
Information, 2010
▪ METTLER TOLEDO, Basics of Titration, 2009
▪ Daniel C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Eight Edition, W. H.
Freeman, 2010
REFERENCES
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha

25. THANKS?????
AN OVERVIEW OF COMPACT TITRATOR
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha