Types ,formation , causes , effects and mitigation of cyclone

2. WE ARE GROUP 4
Group Members ID
1.Wasiq Mamun Sajid 1517024
2.Ripon Sarker 1517025
3.Md. Nasim Fardous Zim1517026
4.Md. Mamunur Rashid 1517027
5.Md. Shamsuzzaman 1517028

3. CYCLONE
Cyclone is a region of low
atmospheric pressure surrounded
by high atmospheric pressure
resulting in swirling atmospheric
disturbance accompanied by
powerful winds blowing in
anticlockwise direction in the
Northern Hemisphere and in the
clockwise direction in the Southern
Hemisphere.

4. CATEGORIES OF CYCLONE
CATEGORY 1 CYCLONES: WIND SPEEDS BETWEEN 90 AND 125
KILOMETERS PER HOUR, SOME NOTICEABLE DAMAGE TO HOUSES AND
TREES.
CATEGORY 2: WIND SPEEDS BETWEEN 125 AND 164 KILOMETERS PER
HOUR, DAMAGE TO HOUSES AND SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE TO CROPS
AND TREES.
CATEGORY 3: WIND SPEEDS BETWEEN 165-224 KILOMETERS PER
HOUR, STRUCTURAL DAMAGE TO HOUSES, EXTENSIVE DAMAGE TO
CROPS AND UPROOTED TREES, UPTURNED VEHICLES AND
DESTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS.
CATEGORY 4: WIND SPEEDS BETWEEN 225 AND 279 KILOMETERS PER
HOUR, POWER FAILURE AND MUCH DAMAGE TO CITIES AND VILLAGES.

5. CAUSES OF CYCLONE
• A cyclone is formed when a
warm temperature of the sea
reaches a threshold level and
the wind structure is rising. In
other words, TC’s derive their
energy from the warm tropical
oceans and do not form unless
the sea-surface temperature is
above 26.5°C. However, once
formed they can persist at
lower temperatures and
dissipate over land or colder
oceans (BOM, 1994). GA (2008)

6. FORMING CYCLONE

7. EFFECTS OF CYCLONE
• Physical damage
• Casualties and public
health
• Human life loss
Animals life loss
• Water supplies
• Crops and food supplies
• Communication
• Upon landfall
• Strong Winds
• Tornadoes
• Rainfall and Flooding

8. EFFECTS ON AGRICULTURE
• DAMAGE OF CROPS
• SALINITY INTRUSION
• DESTRUCTION OF TREES
• SHORTAGE OF PURE
WATER
• DEATH OF ANIMALS
• DESTROY OF FARMS

9. 9
CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS
• Keep up with reports
on the television,
radio, and computer
about the cyclone.
• Discuss a family
cyclone plan with your
parent or guardian,
and have a disaster kit
ready
• Forecasting and
warning system
• Evacuation from
affected area
• Cyclone shelters
• Know the
difference between
a cyclone watch: a
cyclone may strike
in 24-36 hours;
and a cyclone
warning: a cyclone
will be in your area
within 24 hours.
• Evacuate as soon
as notice is given.
• Embankments

10. 10
IF YOU CAN’T LEAVE
• Board up or tape all
windows.
• Fasten down any loose
materials inside and
outside of your home and
close all doors.
• Move cars from under
trees.
• Let the SES and Police know
that you are there.
• Stay indoors in a central
room close to the floor.
• Listen to the radio for
updates.

11. THINGS YOU WILL NEED TO
PREPARE FOR A Cyclone(Cyclone
KIT)
• FOOD AND WATER
• FIRST AID KIT
• CANDLES
• MATCHES
• FLASH LIGHTS
• BATTERIES
• OIL LAMPS
• LANTERNS
• KEROSENE
•BATTERY-OPERATED RADIO
•DISPOSABLE PLATES, UTENSILS
AND CUPS
•PLASTIC BAGS AND TRASH BAGS
•ICE AND ICE CHEST
•BOTTLE AND CAN OPENERS
•FIRE EXTINGUISHER
•PAPER TOWEL AND TOILET PAPER
•CELLULAR PHONE
PORTABLE GAS BURNER (STOVE)

12. 12
- Weather forecasting entails:
Acquisition of present
weather data
Graphical depiction of the
state of the atmosphere
Analysis of data and maps
Prediction of the future state
of the atmosphere
Dissemination of weather
information and forecasts to
the public
EARLY WARNING AND FORECASTING OF
CYCLONE

13. CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE
Engineered Constructions
• Designed and constructed with the assistance of
qualified engineers
• Design to comply with relevant Building codes
• Constructed without the assistance of qualified
engineers
• Most constructions use light-weight roofs
• Poor seismic resistance expected
NON-ENGINEERED CONSTRUCTIONS

14. WHAT IS NON -STRUCTURE
• The parts of a building
that carry its weight are
the structure.
• Everything else is non-
structural.

15. Non Structural Elements
• Public awareness
• Miking
• Leaflet
• Architectural Elements
• • False Ceiling
• • Windows and partition
walls
• • Parapets
• • Stairways
• • Water tanks
• Electrical Systems
• • Transformers
• • Lighting
• • Emergency power
• Furnishing and
Equipment
• File cabinets
• • Display cabinets
• • Shop equipment
• • Lab equipment
• • Kitchen appliances
• Hazardous Materials
• • Natural gas
• • Chemicals
• • Asbestos, lead

16. STRUCTURAL MITIGATION MEASURE
•Coastal belt plantation
•Cyclone Shelters
•Helipads should be constructed at
regular intervals through
highways and roads.
•Helipads should be along
highways; sites for air landing
should also be available for
vulnerable locations such as
schools, playgrounds and so on
•Maintenance of embankments
should be crafted with fine
workmanship to mitigate flooding

17. STRUCTURAL MITIGATION MEASURE
• Underground power cable and
utility lines should also be
planned in a manner that they
are functional and financially
viable
• Planning as well as balancing of
the coastal vegetation and green
cover should be taken up
• Telecom systems need to be
robust wherein coastal mobile
towers must be able to bear
winds at speeds of 250 km/hrs.

18. STRUCTURAL MITIGATION MEASURE
• In coastal towns and cities, building rules need to be revisited
and structural safety is a must; cyclone resilient structures
must be constructed
• Infrastructure in vulnerable areas such as roads, public
buildings, bridges, communication systems and key
infrastructure such as airports and hospitals must be resilient
to cyclones
• Ageing test and assessment of retrofitting requirements should
be mandatory for major city buildings beyond 15 to 20 years
old
• Alternative channels of communications should be set up
including satellite phones, radio, community radio, internet
and loud speakers for communication during the crisis

19. CYCLONE IN BANGLADESH