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Železnička vozila
Autori:
Milica Radić
Luka Radović
Uvod
-Železnička vozila su prevozna sredstva koja se kreću po
čeličnim šinama. Dve šine zajedno čine kolosek.
-Železničku kompoziciju (voz) čine lokomotiva i vagoni
(putnički i teretni). Više vagona obično vuče jedna
lokomotiva.
Osnovna podela
▪ -Prema osnovnoj podeli železnička vozila dele se na:
▪ lokomotive (vučna vozila)
▪ kola (vučena vozila)
▪ vozila za potrebe železnice
– Lokomotive se dele na:
– parne
– dizel
– električne
– turbo...
▪ Kola se dele na:
▪ putnička
▪ teretna
▪ kola za posebne namene
Prva železnica
-Prva železnička pruga građena je u
Engleskoj. Bila je dugačka 19 kilometara i
povezivala je centar Darlington sa
pristaništem Stokton na reci Temzi. Ta
pruga građena je 4 god. a njenom izgradnjom
rukovodio je veliki graditelj i tvorac
železnice Džordž Stivenson. Takođe, on je
osnovao i prvu fabriku parnih lokomotiva u
Njukastlu . Prvi voz na pruzi bio je njegov
„proizvod“ i kretao se prosečnom brzinom 9
kilometara na čas.Parne lokomotive su prve
lokomotive u istoriji železnice.
Parna lokomotiva
,,Raketa’’
-Prve železničke lokomotive stigle su u Srbiju još
1882. godine, u toku izgradnje prve pruge i
korišćene su za vuču radnih vozova pri gradnji.
-Bile su to dve troosovinske lokomotive iz Nemačke,
dostizale su brzinu od 40 kilometara na sat, a po
završetku građenja pruge služile su za vuču
teretnih vozova.
Motorni voz
-Motorni voz predstavlja celinu koju čine motorni vagoni i
vagoni sa prednje i zadnje strane voza.Koristi se uglavnom
u gradskom saobraćaju velikih gradova.
Moderni vozovi velikih
brzina
-Moderni vozovi velikih brzina kreću se po specijalno
izrađenim prugama za prevoz putnika velikim
brzinama.Nisu pogodni za kratke relacije.Znatno skraćuju
vreme putovanja,te su zbog toga postali konkurencija
avionskom saobraćaju.Najčešće su snabdeveni električnim
pogonom.
Tramvaj
-Tramvaj je električno vozilo koje se koristi za gradski
prevoz putnika i kreće se po šinama.Pogonski elektro
motor tramvaja napaja se preko električnog voda iznad
šina i trole.Prednost tramvaja nad prevoznim sredstvima
sa motorom sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem jeste to što ne
proizvodi štetne gasove,a to je vrlo bitno u gusto
naseljenim gradovima.
HVALA NA
PAŽNJI

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Zeleznicka vozila

  • 2. Uvod -Železnička vozila su prevozna sredstva koja se kreću po čeličnim šinama. Dve šine zajedno čine kolosek. -Železničku kompoziciju (voz) čine lokomotiva i vagoni (putnički i teretni). Više vagona obično vuče jedna lokomotiva.
  • 3. Osnovna podela ▪ -Prema osnovnoj podeli železnička vozila dele se na: ▪ lokomotive (vučna vozila) ▪ kola (vučena vozila) ▪ vozila za potrebe železnice – Lokomotive se dele na: – parne – dizel – električne – turbo... ▪ Kola se dele na: ▪ putnička ▪ teretna ▪ kola za posebne namene
  • 4. Prva železnica -Prva železnička pruga građena je u Engleskoj. Bila je dugačka 19 kilometara i povezivala je centar Darlington sa pristaništem Stokton na reci Temzi. Ta pruga građena je 4 god. a njenom izgradnjom rukovodio je veliki graditelj i tvorac železnice Džordž Stivenson. Takođe, on je osnovao i prvu fabriku parnih lokomotiva u Njukastlu . Prvi voz na pruzi bio je njegov „proizvod“ i kretao se prosečnom brzinom 9 kilometara na čas.Parne lokomotive su prve lokomotive u istoriji železnice.
  • 6. -Prve železničke lokomotive stigle su u Srbiju još 1882. godine, u toku izgradnje prve pruge i korišćene su za vuču radnih vozova pri gradnji. -Bile su to dve troosovinske lokomotive iz Nemačke, dostizale su brzinu od 40 kilometara na sat, a po završetku građenja pruge služile su za vuču teretnih vozova.
  • 7. Motorni voz -Motorni voz predstavlja celinu koju čine motorni vagoni i vagoni sa prednje i zadnje strane voza.Koristi se uglavnom u gradskom saobraćaju velikih gradova.
  • 8. Moderni vozovi velikih brzina -Moderni vozovi velikih brzina kreću se po specijalno izrađenim prugama za prevoz putnika velikim brzinama.Nisu pogodni za kratke relacije.Znatno skraćuju vreme putovanja,te su zbog toga postali konkurencija avionskom saobraćaju.Najčešće su snabdeveni električnim pogonom.
  • 9. Tramvaj -Tramvaj je električno vozilo koje se koristi za gradski prevoz putnika i kreće se po šinama.Pogonski elektro motor tramvaja napaja se preko električnog voda iznad šina i trole.Prednost tramvaja nad prevoznim sredstvima sa motorom sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem jeste to što ne proizvodi štetne gasove,a to je vrlo bitno u gusto naseljenim gradovima.
  • 10.