Calicut University 1st year B. Com Module 1

1. B U S I N E S S M A N A G E M E N T 1 . 4
M A N A G E M E N T
I N
M O D E R N P E R I O D

2. • From 1950s
• Period of refinement, development and
qualification of the science of management
• Scientific management, human relations and
human behavior approach

3. LY N D A L L F O W N E S U R W I C K
• 1891 –1983
• UK Born in Malvern, Worcestershire
• Graduated from Oxford University Worked as business man
• Worked in army during WW1
• Director of the International Management Institute in Geneva
1928-33
• Urwick, Orr & Partners (UOP) Ltd a consultancy Company 1934-
1961
• During the WWII worked as Advisor to the Treasury
• Several international Awards and Gold medals
• Extension of Fayol' thoughts
• Criticised by Herbert Simon
• 6 principles of management and 29 principles for organisation
• https://www.managers-net.com/Biography/biograph7.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndall_Urwick

4. H E R B E R T S I M O N
• Herbert A. Simon, in full Herbert Alexander Simon, (born June 15, 1916
-Feb. 9, 2001)
• American social scientist known for his contributions to a number of fields,
including psychology, mathematics, statistics, and operations research, all of
which he synthesized in a key theory that earned him the 1978 Nobel Prize for
Economics.
• Simon and his longtime collaborator Allen Newell won the 1975 A.M.
Turing Award, the highest honour in computer science, for their “basic
contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human cognition,
and list processing.”

5. • Administrative behaviour and decision making
• Books: Administrative behaviour, A study of decision making process in Administrative
organisation, Models of man and the science of Management decision
• Social scientist – Looked at organisational problems in the totality of social and
psychological context
• Contributions:
- Concept of organisation
- Decision – making
- Bounded rationality
- Administrative man
- Organisational communication

6. P E T E R . F. D R U C K E R ( 1 9 0 9 - 2 0 0 5 )
• Austrian-born American management consultant, educator,
and author, whose writings contributed to the philosophical
and practical foundations of the modern business corporation.
• He was also a leader in the development of management
education, and he invented the concept known
as management by objectives.
• His writings have predicted many of the major developments
of the late twentieth century, including privatisation and
decentralization; the rise of Japan to economic world power;
the decisive importance of marketing; and the emergence of
the information society with its necessity of lifelong learning.
• In 1959, Peter Drucker coined the term "knowledge worker"
and later in his life considered knowledge work productivity to
be the next frontier of management.

7. M A I N
C O N T R I B U T I O N S
• Nature of management
• Management functions
• Organisation structure
• Federalism
• Management by Objectives
• Organisational Changes
(Ref: pg 64-66, Principles and practice of management, LM Prasad, Sultan
Chand & Sons, New Delhi,2001)

8. M A N A G E M E N T B Y O B J E C T I V E S
( M B O )
1. Setting objectives
2. Development of action plans
3. Periodic Review
4. Performance Appraisal
• Benefits
• Limitations
• Suggestions to make MBO more effective

9. C . K . P R A H A L A D
( 1 9 4 1 - 2 0 1 0 )
• Core competence
• Bottom of Pyramid
https://michiganross.umich.edu/faculty-research/institutes-centers-
initiatives/india-initiatives/ck-prahalad-initiative/bio

10. • A core competency is a concept in management theory
introduced by C. K. Prahalad and Gary Hamel.[1] It can
be defined as "a harmonized combination of multiple
resources and skills that distinguish a firm in the
marketplace" and therefore are the foundation of
companies' competitiveness. [2]
• Core competencies fulfill three criteria:[1]
1.Provides potential access to a wide variety of markets.
2.Should make a significant contribution to the perceived
customer benefits of the end product.
3.Difficult to imitate by competitors.
• It may also be useful in making other products that
require these competencies.

12. M I C H A E L P O R T E R ( 1 9 4 7 - )

13. Porter’s diamond model
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_08.h
tm

14. M A N A G E M E N T A N D
A D M I N I S T R AT I O N
• Are synonymous
• Administration  Higher level, Management  Lower level
• Administration  Part of management