A breif introduction to ecotourism positive and negative impacts Also contain short introduction into role of biotechnology in species conservation

1. ECOTOURISM
KRISHNA K P

2. Ecotourism, a fusion of ecology and tourism is a form of sustainable
that seeks to minimize the negative impacts of traditional tourism while
promoting environmental conservation and community development.

5. POSITIVE IMPACT OF ECOTOURISM
CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCE
Ecotourism encourages the preservation of natural habitats and biodiversity
by creating economic incentives tied to conservation
It helps in protection of fragile ecosystem and endangered species
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT
Local community often get benefits from ecotourism through job
opportunities,increased income,development of local infrastructure. This in
turn reduce poverty and fosters community pride

6. CULTURAL EXCHANGE
Promotes cultural exchange as tourist interact with indigenous
communities, learning about their traditions,languages and
lifestyle.this can foster mutual understanding and appreciation
EDUCATIONAL OPPURTUNITIES
Ecotourism destination often provide educational
experiences,raising awareness about environmental issues and
provide and promoting sustainable practices among tourist.

7. FUNDING FOR CONSERVATION PROJECTS
Revenue generated from ecotourism is frequently reinvested in
conservation projects,research and environment protection
initiatives.
BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH AND COSERVATION
Many ecotourism destinations serve as living laboratones for
researchers,aiding in the study and conservation of diverse plant
and animal species.
PRESEVATION OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE
Preserving their traditional knowledge and pratices while sharing
them with visitors

8. ALTERNATE LIVELIHOODS
Ecotourism often provides alternate income sources for
communities previously depend on the activities harmful to the
environment
REDUCING CARBON FOOTPRINT
Some forms of ecotourism encourage sustainable transportation
methods like hiking that reduce carbon footprint associated with
travel

9. NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF ECOTOURISM
OVERCROWDING AND HABITAT DISTRUCTION
Popular ecotourism destinations can suffer from overcrowding, that leads
to habitat distruction like soil erosion and damage to delicate ecosystem
RESOURCE CONSUMPTION
Despite sustainability efforts,tourists may consume significant resources
such as water and energy,potentially straining local supplies.
CULTURAL EROSION
Over exposure to tourism can lead to the erosion of traditional cultures of
indigenous communities

10. COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE
The commercialisation of tourism can sometimes priorities profit over
conservation
GENTRIFICATION AND INEQUALITY
Ecotourism development can lead to gentrification,pushing locals out of
their homes due to rising property prices,resulting social inequality
HIGH OPERATING COST
Maintaining ecotourism facilities and sustainable practice can be
expensive

11. WILDLIFE DISTURBANCE
Wildlife in ecotourism area may experience stress and behavior changes
due to human interaction,potentially affecting their survival and
reproduction
LIMITING ECONOMIC BENEFITING
Economic benefits of ecotourism may not trickle down to the local
community, as profit can be concentrated in the hands of large tour
operators

12. SOME OTHER IMPORTANT NEGATIVE IMPACTS ARE,
Loss of privacy of indigenous local communities
Increased cost of living
Seasonal employment only

13. ROLE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN
CONSERVATION OF SPECIES

14. Biotechnology has emerged as a powerful tool in the
field of conservation biology, offering innovative solutions
to address the challenges faced by endangered species
and ecosystems

15. Genetic Rescue:
1. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and Artificial Insemination: Discuss how
assisted reproductive technologies like IVF and artificial insemination
are used to propagate endangered species that face reproductive
difficulties in captivity.
2. Cryopreservation of Gametes and Embryos: Explain the concept
of cryopreservation and its significance in preserving genetic diversity
by storing sperm, eggs, and embryos for future use.

16. Cloning and De-extinction:
1. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT): Explore the
process of SCNT and how it has been used in attempts
to bring back extinct species or save critically
endangered ones.
2. De-extinction Efforts: Discuss real-world examples of
de-extinction projects, such as the cloning of the
Pyrenean ibex and the efforts to bring back the
passenger pigeon.

17. Genetic Modification for Conservation:
1. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs): Explain how
genetic modification techniques like gene editing (e.g.,
CRISPR-Cas9) can be used to enhance the resilience of
species to environmental challenges or combat invasive
species.
2. Gene Drives: Discuss the potential applications and
ethical considerations of gene drives in controlling
invasive species and preventing the spread of diseases
that affect wildlife.

18. Conservation of Endangered Flora:
1. Cryopreservation of Seeds: Explain the significance of cryopreservation in preserving
plant biodiversity by storing seeds of endangered plant species.
2. Tissue Culture: Discuss how tissue culture techniques are used to propagate rare and
endangered plant species, enabling their reintroduction into their natural habitats.
Monitoring and Surveillance:
1. DNA Barcoding: Explain how DNA barcoding helps in species identification and
monitoring of biodiversity by analyzing DNA sequences.
2. Environmental DNA (eDNA): Discuss the use of eDNA in tracking the presence
of elusive or rare species in their natural habitats.

19. Challenges and Ethical Considerations:
1. Ethical Issues: Explore the ethical dilemmas associated with
biotechnological interventions in conservation, including
concerns about unintended consequences and tampering with
nature.
2. Regulatory Framework: Discuss the need for and challenges
associated with developing a regulatory framework for
biotechnological applications in conservation.