Under Secretary Keith Krach and his advisor Paul Touw... This is one of the decks that the E team presented to Senator Schumer and Young to inspire the bipartisan, bicameral Endless Frontier Act, an initiative to solidify the United States’ leadership in scientific and technological innovation through increased investments in the discovery, creation, and commercialization of technology fields of the future. We came up with the idea in October 2019. Our thinking evolved in early 2020 to produce this product. The bipartisan legislation further targets support to ensure new research investments translate into new American companies, manufacturing and high-tech jobs, and opportunities for regions across the country to become global centers of emerging technology industries. China and others are stealing American intellectual property and aggressively investing in research and commercialization to dominate the known technology fields of the future. We emphasized that without a significant and sustained increase in investment in research, education and training, technology transfer and entrepreneurship, manufacturing, and the broader U.S. innovation ecosystem across the nation, it is only a matter of time before America’s global competitors overtake the U.S. in terms of technological primacy.The Endless Frontier Act proposes an expansion of the National Science Foundation (NSF)—to be renamed the National Science and Technology Foundation (NTSF)—and the establishment of a Technology Directorate within NTSF to advance technology in 10 critical focus areas.

8. Investment Spending
with a purpose
a) b)
01.
02.
The Endless Frontier Act accomplishes
three goals with one stone
03.
R&D Spending
directed in sectors
of National Security
Importance
Public-Private Partnerships
to encourage follow-on R&D private
investment partnerships
Directs $100 billion
to the National Sciences
Foundation (NSF)
Restructures NSF
with broader mandate: National
Sciences and Technology
Foundation (NSTF)

9. 9
A catalyst for R&D investments
$100B $200B ~$500B
Endless
Frontier
Act
Add
Private Sector
R&D match for
“skin-in-the-game”
(+$100B)
Add
President Approved
Partners and Allies
(+$300B)

10. 10
Establishes a new Directorate within NSTF
New Technology
Directorate within NSTF
• Responsible for funding fundamental research related to specific
international technology challenges with clear geo-strategic
implications for the United States
• Director would be designated as the lead U.S. Government official for
coordinating international science and technology research activities
with allies, partners, and international organizations
• The new NSTF would have two Deputy Directors—one oversees existing
NSF operations, the other oversees a newly established Directorate for
Technology
• The new Directorate would be given DARPA-like authorities, with the
option to utilize program mangers for selecting awardees.
• NSTF would have a newly created Board of Advisors for the Directorate
for Technology to advise the Deputy Director on how to advanced
technology
• Congressional leadership would appoint some of the Board, with advice
from the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine.

15. 15
R&D Objectives
• Increase U.S. R&D investment in10 national security sectors
• Protect IP and proprietary technology
• Compound government investment with private sector and allies
• Synergize spending between defense & commercial applications
• Leverage private sector resources and know-how
• Build collaboration with T-10 partners to counter malign regimes
• Strengthen technological warfare capability
• Increase economic competitiveness of US and T-10 companies
• Create new industries and jobs
• Maximize “commercialization” of R&D investments

16. 16
Add public-private R&D partnerships
• Leverage Schumer/Young bill (Frontiers Act)
➡ Expands NSF to NSTF, provides USG funding of $100B
• Add a public-private sector $1-for-$1 match
➡ Expands R&D sector funds to $200B
➡ Requires private sector skin-in-the-game
➡ But helps direct investments where private sector see needs
➡ Participating private sector companies get some IP rights

17. 17
Safeguard National Security Sectors
• Assure all R&D investments are protected
• Institute security protocols around invested funds and IP
• Strengthen laws for theft of national security sector IP
• Not released to public domain
• Non-participating nations may get license and pay royalty
• Malign competitors excluded and no access

18. 18
For immediate comment, analysis, and further explanations contact:
Paul Touw
Chief Strategy Officer
Senior Advisor to U/S Keith Krach
Economic Growth, the Environment, and Energy
U.S. Department of State
TouwP@state.gov
Cell: (202) 664-6421
Keith Krach
Under Secretary of State
Economic Growth, the Environment, and Energy
U.S. Department of State
KrachKJ@state.gov
Cell: (202) 975-5469
Work: 202-647-7575