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INDIGENOUS AYURVEDIC HERBALS
AND SUPPLEMENTS – ARE THEY
REALLY SAFE?
The liver is the most important organ in our body, responsible not only for digestion but also for the metabolism
of most drugs in our body. Drugs can be harmful to the liver in susceptible individuals owing to genetic and
environmental risk factors, leading to an array of liver injury, collectively which is called Drug-induced liver injury
(DILI). DILI may vary from complete asymptomatic presentation to liver failure and even death. Studies have
identified most common causative drugs apart from antibiotics and antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs were
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) across various registries.
Complimentary and Alternative Medicine in the West is often used for weight loss
(https:/
/www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/bariatric-surgery/), bodybuilding, and performance
enhancement, but in India, China, Korea, and other Asia-Pacific regions traditional and alternative forms of
medicines are primarily used for the treatment (https:/
/www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/) of many non-specific
symptoms and syndromes. Understanding the harmful effect of these ayurvedic herbal preparations are
particularly important in the Indian scenario, where these medicines are quite popular and have widespread use,
not only now, but since centuries. The rationale for the rampant use is based on the common belief that these
products are natural and hence safe. On the contrary, last few decades have shown that herbal medicines may
cause a large spectrum of liver injury, ranging from mild asymptomatic liver enzyme elevation to acute hepatitis,
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chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, acute and chronic cholangitis, vascular lesions, or liver failure, even requiring a liver
transplant (https:/
/www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/specialities/liver-transplantation-and-hepato-pancreato-
biliary-surgery/).
Reports of liver injury from the use of Ayurvedic herbal medicines procured from local stores or on the internet
have been published or presented. In a recent study from the US, it was found that mislabeling of ingredients was
rampant, occurring in more than 50% of the products tested particularly in weight loss and bodybuilding
supplements. In addition, there are specific risks that contribute to the hepatotoxicity of herbal remedies:
misidentification of the plant, selection of a wrong part of the medicinal plant, inadequate storage modifying the
native product, adulteration during the processing and mislabelling of the final product. Another difficulty is that
the real composition of the herbal preparation may remain unclear, particularly in multi-compound products. A
safe herbal product may also be contaminated by toxic compounds leading to hepatotoxicity. Higher levels of
arsenic, mercury, and lead in Ayurvedic drugs were reported in few studies, significantly associated with
mortality. They also identified the presence of highly volatile organic compounds in 70% of samples and reported
scientific links to liver injury.
To date, more than 100 medicinal preparations have been reported to be toxic to the liver. Several recent reports
have underlined the hepatotoxicity of anabolic androgenic steroids and dietary supplements like OxyE-LITE (for
weight loss and muscle building), Hydroxycut (containing green tea, ephedra, caffeine, carnitine, chromium),
linoleic acid and combination of usnic acid with other product (yohimbine, caffeine, dihydrothyrone,
norephedrine). A study assessing the role of commonly used medicine Liv 52 in alcoholic liver disease patients
found that Liv 52 did not improve liver-related events or survival in treated patients and that its use in patients
with advanced cirrhosis led to increased mortality. This study led to a nationwide ban of Liv 52 in the USA;
however, it remains heavily utilized among Indian patients currently.
Patient outcomes associated with CAM-DILI are generally poor, with very high mortality rates in those with
chronic liver disease. Thus, there is an urgent need to educate the Indian population that CAM is not without side
effects. At the same time, stringent regulations by the industry and appropriate government agencies,
establishing quality tests, and production standards have to be addressed.
Dr. Lovkesh Anand (https:/
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gastrointestinal-sciences/)
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Manipal Hospitals, Dwarka, Delhi (https:/
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the body against…
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INDIGENOUS AYURVEDIC HERBALS AND SUPPLEMENTS – ARE THEY REALLY SAFE?

  • 1. INDIGENOUS AYURVEDIC HERBALS AND SUPPLEMENTS – ARE THEY REALLY SAFE? The liver is the most important organ in our body, responsible not only for digestion but also for the metabolism of most drugs in our body. Drugs can be harmful to the liver in susceptible individuals owing to genetic and environmental risk factors, leading to an array of liver injury, collectively which is called Drug-induced liver injury (DILI). DILI may vary from complete asymptomatic presentation to liver failure and even death. Studies have identified most common causative drugs apart from antibiotics and antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs were Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) across various registries. Complimentary and Alternative Medicine in the West is often used for weight loss (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/bariatric-surgery/), bodybuilding, and performance enhancement, but in India, China, Korea, and other Asia-Pacific regions traditional and alternative forms of medicines are primarily used for the treatment (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/) of many non-specific symptoms and syndromes. Understanding the harmful effect of these ayurvedic herbal preparations are particularly important in the Indian scenario, where these medicines are quite popular and have widespread use, not only now, but since centuries. The rationale for the rampant use is based on the common belief that these products are natural and hence safe. On the contrary, last few decades have shown that herbal medicines may cause a large spectrum of liver injury, ranging from mild asymptomatic liver enzyme elevation to acute hepatitis, Privacy - Terms COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 2. chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, acute and chronic cholangitis, vascular lesions, or liver failure, even requiring a liver transplant (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/specialities/liver-transplantation-and-hepato-pancreato- biliary-surgery/). Reports of liver injury from the use of Ayurvedic herbal medicines procured from local stores or on the internet have been published or presented. In a recent study from the US, it was found that mislabeling of ingredients was rampant, occurring in more than 50% of the products tested particularly in weight loss and bodybuilding supplements. In addition, there are specific risks that contribute to the hepatotoxicity of herbal remedies: misidentification of the plant, selection of a wrong part of the medicinal plant, inadequate storage modifying the native product, adulteration during the processing and mislabelling of the final product. Another difficulty is that the real composition of the herbal preparation may remain unclear, particularly in multi-compound products. A safe herbal product may also be contaminated by toxic compounds leading to hepatotoxicity. Higher levels of arsenic, mercury, and lead in Ayurvedic drugs were reported in few studies, significantly associated with mortality. They also identified the presence of highly volatile organic compounds in 70% of samples and reported scientific links to liver injury. To date, more than 100 medicinal preparations have been reported to be toxic to the liver. Several recent reports have underlined the hepatotoxicity of anabolic androgenic steroids and dietary supplements like OxyE-LITE (for weight loss and muscle building), Hydroxycut (containing green tea, ephedra, caffeine, carnitine, chromium), linoleic acid and combination of usnic acid with other product (yohimbine, caffeine, dihydrothyrone, norephedrine). A study assessing the role of commonly used medicine Liv 52 in alcoholic liver disease patients found that Liv 52 did not improve liver-related events or survival in treated patients and that its use in patients with advanced cirrhosis led to increased mortality. This study led to a nationwide ban of Liv 52 in the USA; however, it remains heavily utilized among Indian patients currently. Patient outcomes associated with CAM-DILI are generally poor, with very high mortality rates in those with chronic liver disease. Thus, there is an urgent need to educate the Indian population that CAM is not without side effects. At the same time, stringent regulations by the industry and appropriate government agencies, establishing quality tests, and production standards have to be addressed. Dr. Lovkesh Anand (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/doctors/dr-lovkesh-anand-consultant- gastrointestinal-sciences/) Consultant - Gastroenterology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/specialities/gastrointestinal-science/) Manipal Hospitals, Dwarka, Delhi (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi/) Recent Posts COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 3. (blog/black-fungus-infection-symptoms-treatment-and-causes/) Black Fungus Infection: Symptoms, Treatment, and Causes Mucormycosis, popularly termed “Black fungus” by the media and public, is a disease… (blog/impact-of-covid-19-on-pregnant-women-and-their-babies/) Impact of COVID-19 on Pregnant Women and Their Babies The first wave of COVID-19 majorly affects people with advanced age and underlying… (blog/self-proning-a-guilde-to-increase-oxygen-level-at-homes/) Self Proning: A Guilde To Increase Oxygen Level At Home In the year 1976, Dr Robert Brown and nurse Margaret Piehl had co- authored a paper.… (blog/all-you-know-about-antibody-test/) All You Know About Antibody Test An antibody test is a blood test used to detect antibodies formed in the body against… Home (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/)  blog (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/blogs/)  Indigenous-ayurvedic-herbals-and- supplements-are-they-really-safe (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/) COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 4. Head Office: Manipal Health Enterprise Pvt Ltd. The Annexe, #98/2, Rustom Bagh, Off HAL Airport Road, Bengaluru - 560017 Email:info@manipalhospitals.com (mailto:info@manipalhospitals.com) ook.com/ManipalHospitalsIndia) w.instagram.com/manipalhospitals/) https:/ /twitter.com/ManipalHealth) / /www.youtube.com/channel/UCSljO84JCPeaefyHe- Get it from Play Store (https:/ /play.google.com/store/apps/details? id=com.manipal.manipalhospitals) Get it from App Store (https:/ /apps.apple.com/in/app/manipal- hospital/id1345944421) TARIFF Cardiac Stent Pricing (uploads/pdf/Cadiac_stents_NPPA__rate_list_Final_26_9_17.pdf) TKR Implants Pricing (uploads/pdf/NPPA_Order_Knee_160817.pdf) In-patient Tariff (uploads/pdf/SCHEDULE_OF_INPATIENT_TARIFF_WITH_EFFECTIVE_FROM_Oldairportroad.pdf) Centres of Excellence Accident and Emergency Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/accident-and-emergency-care/) Cancer Care/Oncology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/cancer-care/) Cardiology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/cardiology/) Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/cardiothoracic-vascular- surgery/) Gastrointestinal Science (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/gastrointestinal-science/) Laparoscopic Surgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/laparoscopic-surgery/) Liver Transplantation Surgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/liver-transplantation-surgery/) Nephrology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/nephrology/) Neurology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/neurology/) Neurosurgery (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/neurosurgery/) Obstetrics and Gynaecology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/obstetrics-and-gynaecology/) Organ Transplant (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/organ-transplant/) Orthopaedics (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/orthopaedics/) Paediatric And Child Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/paediatric-and-child-care/) COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
  • 5. Rheumatology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/rheumatology/) Spine Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/spine-care/) Urology (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/urology/) Locations Old Airport Road - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/oldairportroad) Whitefield - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/whitefield) MH Clinic - Brookefield - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/clinics-brookefield) Malleshwaram - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/malleshwaram) Jayanagar - Bengaluru (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/jayanagar) Dwarka - Delhi (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/delhi) Goa (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/goa) Jaipur (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/jaipur) Mangalore (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mangalore) Salem (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/salem) Vijayawada (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/vijayawada) Klang - Malaysia (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com.my/) ACCREDITATIONS Important Link About Us (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/about-us/) Blog (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/blogs) Book an Appointment (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/doctors-list/) Book a Health Check (https:/ /healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Contact Us (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/contact-us/) Corporate (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/corporate/) Find a Doctor (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/doctors-list/) International Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/internationalpatientcare/) Lab Reports (https:/ /labportal.manipalhospitals.com/) COVID Care (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/) (https:/ /www.manipalhospitals.com/mobile- app/) Book Covid Vaccination (https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid- vaccination-query) Health Check (https://healthcheckup.manipalhospitals.com/) Access Lab Repor (https://labportal. ()  () 
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