موضوع ویژه: تداوم بحران اقتصادی و مالی در جهان بواسطه همهگیری ویروس کرونا و واکنشهای نهادهای ملی و بینالمللی
Global Financial & Economic Crisis Due to Covid-19 Pandemic_ National & International Responses
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
موضوع ویژه: تداوم بحران اقتصادی و مالی در جهان بواسطه همهگیری ویروس کرونا و واکنشهای نهادهای ملی و بینالمللی
Global Financial & Economic Crisis Due to Covid-19 Pandemic_ National & International Responses
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
2. “Small
Industries
Investment
Guarantee
Fund”(SIF)
is Iran’ National
Credit Guarantee
Fund which support
small industries. It is
affiliated to Ministry
of Industry, Mine and
Trade, with 100%
government
ownership.
This Fund helps small
industries to have a
better access to
finance from banks
and manufacturers,
via issuing credit
guarantees.
Moreover, it helps
these enterprises via
issuing different
kinds of bonds, such
as advance payment
bond.
As this Fund is
established by
government to
support small
industries, it has
some preferential
terms when issuing
its products, such as a
discount in fees,
flexibility in getting
collaterals, etc.
آن اهداف و خبرنامه معرفی
تجاری مالی تامین ابزارهای افزون روز اهمیت به توجه با(Trade Finance)تامین در آنها نقش و
ریسک کاهش و وجوهبنگاه معامالتخبرنامه که شد آن بر تصمیم ،هاتا گردد تهیه زمینه این در ای
گزیدهاطالع دنیا در صنعت این اخبار از ایحوزه گستردگی به توجه با .شود رسانیمالی تامین،تجاری
ضمانتنامه به مربوط اخبار که آنست بر تاکیدبیمه و هانامهبعال .باشند اولویت در اعتباری هایبخش در وه
یادداشتی ،پایانیکوتاهاین المللی بین ارتباطات گسترش هدف با درضمن .شد خواهد ارائه حوزه این در
.است شده تدوین دوزبانه خبرنامه ،دنیا ضمانت صندوقهای عرصه در جایگاه آوردن بدست و صندوق
.باشند نمی متناظر لزوما خبرنامه این در فارسی و انگلیسی متون
انت.است بالمانع منبع ذکر با مطالب شار
The Purpose of This Newsletter
Considering the ever-growing importance of Trade Finance Tools and their pivotal
role in funding and risk mitigation of transactions of enterprises, it is decided to
prepare a newsletter in this area to reflect the selected news as well as to present
some information in the form of short notes.
As this area is very widespread, our focus is on Credit Guarantees and Credit
Insurance industries.
The source of each piece of news is mentioned.
2
4. What Is Trade
Finance?
Trade finance
represents the
financial
instruments and
products that are
used by companies
to facilitate
international
trade and
commerce. Trade
finance makes it
possible and easier
for importers and
exporters to
transact business
through
trade. Trade
finance is an
umbrella term
meaning it covers
many financial
products that
banks and
companies utilize
to make trade
transactions
feasible.
(Investopedia)
Comment: All
these trade finance
products can be
used in domestic
trade too.
تامین ازبعنوان همواره مالی
شده یاد تجارت حیات شاهرگ
اقتصا بحران این در ،استدیو
از ناشی آمده بوجود مالی
همهگیریاین ،کرونا ویروس
چگون صنعتهنقش تواند می
کند؟ آفرینی
Trade finance has always been considered as the main driver of
trade. What role can it play in the current financial and economic
crisis due to Corona Virus Pandemic?
In This issue, you will read:
Introduction (P. 5)
UNCTAD: Coronavirus Could Cut Global Investment by 40% (P. 6)
World Bank and IFC: Support for Finance Amid Corona Virus Outbreak
(P. 6)
IsDB Commits US$ 2.3 billion Facility for Member Countries to Fight the
Corona Virus and its Socio-Economic Impact (P. 8)
EBRD Unveils €1 billion Emergency Corona Virus Financing Package (P. 9)
IMF Makes Available US$ 50 Billion to Help Address Corona Virus (P. 10)
Standard Chartered Announces Support for Exporters in US$ 1 billion
Corona Virus Package (P. 10)
Afreximbank Announces US$3-Billion Facility to Cushion Impact of
COVID-19 (P. 11)
ADB Triples COVID-19 Response Package to US$ 20 Billion (P. 12)
European ECAs Unveil Fresh Support as Covid-19 Impact Deepens (P. 15)
Coronavirus: Ministers in Talks about Credit Insurance Guarantee
Scheme (P. 17)
IFC Agrees Risk-Sharing Deal to Support Nigerian SMEs and Women-led
Businesses (P. 18)
4
5. چیست؟ تجاری مالی تامین
شامل تجاری مالی تامین
مالی محصوالت و ابزارها
برای شرکتها که است
سطح در تجارت تسهیل
بینالمللداخلی یا وآن از
می استفاده.نمایند
برای تجاری مالی تامین
صادرکنندو گان
انجام واردکنندگان
و پذیر امکان را معامالت
می تسهیل حتی.نماید
تجاری مالی تامین عبارت
که است چتری عبارت یک
مالی محصوالت از بسیاری
می شامل راو بانکها که شود
آن از تجارت در شرکتها
می بهرهمعامالت تا گیرند
نمایند پذیر توجیه خود.
:منبعInvestopeida
جهان اقتصادی قطب این سوی از تقاضا و عرضه در اختالل از و چین در مشاغل تعطیلی از شوکها اولین واقع در
ورشکستگی آن متعاقب و جهان جمعیت از نیمی قرنطینه به ،کشورها کلیه به آن گسترش از بعد ولی ،شد شروع
فر بیکاریهای ،نیروها گسترده تعدیل ،شرکتها از بسیاریدر اختالل ،درمان و پزشکی بخش به شدید فشار ،اگیر
،دولتها .شد منتج جهانی بحران یک کل در و مختلف سطوح در نقدینگی کمبود ،بخشها از بسیاری تامین زنجیره
از .نمودند آغاز وارده آسیبهای رسانی حداقل به برای را مختلفی سیاستهای خصوصی بخشهای و عمومی بخشهای
بنگا میان اینهمچون المللی بین مالی های ه«جهانی بانک»و«پول المللی بین صندوق»منطقه بانکهای ،همانند ای
«آسیایی توسعه بانک»همچون صادراتی اعتبار بیمه موسسات ،Bpifranceاقدام دیگر نهادهای از بسیاری و فرانسه
بسته ارائه بهارائه از دشوار شرایط این در تا نمودند حمایتی هایتجارت روند و کارها و کسب تداوم ،مالی تامین
.گردد تمرکز اخبار این روی ویژه بصورت که آنست بر سعی ،خبرنامه این آتی شماره چند در .نمایند حمایت
:مقدمه
تجاری مالی تامینهمان یا«تریدفاینانس»از یکی همواره
نقش و بوده مرزی برون و درون تجارت مهم ارکان
تداوم در بسزاییعرصه در بویژه تجارت حفظ و
بیندسامبر در که زمانی .است داشته المللی2019کشور ،
افراد از تعدادی جدید ویروس یک که کرد اعالم چین
فکر کشوری هیچ تقریبا ،است کرده مبتال را کشور این
زمستان در گیری همه با ویروس این که کرد نمی1398
در ... و بهداشت ،تجارت ،اقتصاد کلتاثیر تحت را جهان
.شود منجر قرن اقتصادی رکود بزرگترین به و قراردهد
Introduction
Trade finance has always had a pivotal role in domestic and cross-border trade. When in December 2019,
China announced that a new virus has been discovered, no country could think that this will lead to a
pandemic in winter 2020 which impacted the global economy, trade, health and medical systems, and will
result in the greatest global recession of the world. The shock started from China with business stop and
interruption of supply and chain, and then the wave reached to all countries and territories in a way that
half of the world’s population went into lockdown. Many companies became insolvent or bankrupt,
interruption occurred in supply chains of many sectors, the shortage of liquidity emerged, and on the whole,
it resulted in a global crisis. Governments, public and private sectors responded with different policies to
these crises in order to minimize the impact. Among which some international financial institutions such as
“World Bank”, and “International Monetary Fund”, some regional banks, e.g. “Asian Development Bank”,
some Export Credit Agencies, namely Bprifrance, and many other institutions, provided support packages
to protect businesses and international trade flow in these current rainy days. In the coming issues of this
newsletter, the focus will be on the news of these crises and the responses made by financial institutions.
5
6. کاهش تخمین :آنکتاد40سر درصدینتیجه در جهان در گذاری مایه
همهکرونا ویروس گیری
تخمین اساس بر( آنکتاد جدید هایملل سازمان توسعه و تجارت کنفرانسهمه اقتصادی تاثیرات خصوص در ،)
جدید های ارزیابی گرفتن نظر در با همچنین و جهان در کرونا ویروس گیریشده انجامبزرگترین سوی از
ملیتی چند شرکتهایشرکتها این درآمدهای خصوص درمستقیم گذاری سرمایه جریان که رسد می بنظر اینطور ،
بین خارجی30الی40سالهای در درصد2020و2021خواهد کاهشیافتبخشها .را آسیب بیشترین که یی
دیدهاند( پایه مواد صنایع و انرژی :از عبارتند208-از ناشی مضاعف شوک بواسطه بویژه انرژی بخش برای %
قیمتهای شدید کاهش( هواپیمایی خطوط ،)نفت116-( سازی خودرو صنعت و )%47-)%
UNCTAD: Coronavirus Could Cut Global Investment by 40%
“United Nations Conference on Trade and Development” reports that updated
estimates of COVID-19’s economic impact and revisions of earnings of the largest
multinational enterprises now suggest that the downward pressure on foreign
direct investment (FDI) flows could range from -30% to -40% during 2020-2021.
The hardest-hit sectors are the energy and basic materials industries (-208% for
energy, with the additional shock caused by the recent drop in oil prices), airlines
(-116%) and the automotive industry (-47%).
Source: UNCTAD website (26-03-2020)
از جهانی بانک حمایتکرونا ویروس گیری همه شرایط در مالی تامین
که نمود اعالم جهانی بانک12آنها بهداشتی سیستم و اقتصاد بر کرونا ویروس شیوع منفی تاثیرات مقابل در کشورها از حمایت برای دالر میلیارد
موسسه .است داده اختصاص«المللی بین مالی تامین»)IFC(بعنوانبه وابسته موسسات از یکی،بانک ایننیزدر خصوصی بخش تقویت بمنظور
مبلغ نوظهور کشورهای6داد تخصیص دالر میلیارداست هبانکهای مشتریان گردش در سرمایه و تجاری مالی تامین حوزه در را مبلغ این موسسه این .
پزشک تجهیزات بخشهای روی بر اصلی تمرکز .کرد خواهد هزینه تجاری.بود خواهد دارویی و ی
World Bank and IFC: Support for Finance Amid Corona Virus Outbreak
The World Bank announced that it would make US$ 12 billion available in immediate support to help
countries deal with the health and economic impacts of the outbreak, with IFC – the sister organization that
aims to foster private sector development in emerging countries – putting up US$ 6 billion.
The IFC says it will work with commercial bank clients to expand trade finance and working capital lines,
with a focus on strategic sectors including medical equipment and pharmaceuticals in order to sustain
supply chains and limit downside risks.
Source: Global Trade Review (GTR) Magazine (04-03-2020)
6
بدترین از یکی دنیا
و مالی بحرانهای
تجربه را خود اقتصادی
مینماید.مالی نهادهای
،مختلف المللی بین
خود سهم به هرکدام
می تالشارائه با تا نمایند
بستهبه حمایتی های
آسیبهااز ناشی وارده ی
همهکرونا ویروس گیری
.دهند پاسخ
8. IsDB Commits US$ 2.3 billion Facility for Member Countries to
Fight the Corona Virus and its Socio-Economic Impact
In order to support medical and health conditions of the member countries and
for fighting against different impacts of Corona virus socio and economic ones, as
well as for supporting SMEs and food security of people, Islamic Development
Bank (IsDB) has committed US 2.3 billion facility to member countries.
Some lines of this facility dedicated to member countries include: Senegal US$
162 million, Guinea US$ 20 million, Kyrgyzstan US$ 11 million, Tunisia US$ 279
million, Uzbekistan US$ 143 million, Sudan US$ 35 million, Mauritania US$ 33
million, the Republic of Benin US$ 20 million, the Republic of Turkey US$ 250
million, the Republic of Guinea-Bissau US$ 15 million, Uganda US$ 20.2 million,
Mali US$ 22.5 million , Cote d'Ivoire US$ 46.2 million, the Republic of Maldives
US$ 25.6 million, Sierra Leone US$ 25 million, and Chad US$ 20 million.
Meanwhile, in the framework of the IsDB’s “Transform Fund”, US$ 500 million
has been dedicated to innovations which fights against Corona virus and its
effects. This will be in the form of grants or equity participation. For this call for
innovation, IsDB will financially support ideas that help curb the spread of COVID-
19, minimize the socio-economic impact of the pandemic and build the resilience
of the Bank’s member countries in responding to outbreaks and pandemics long-
term.
This commitment also includes US$ 280 million will be provided by the IsDB and
the “Islamic Solidarity Fund for Development” (ISFD) to support sovereign
projects and programs, US$ 300 million from “The International Islamic Trade
Finance Corporation” (ITFC) for trade finance and US$ 150 million from “The
Islamic Corporation for the Insurance of Investment and Export Credit” (ICIEC) for
insurance coverage. Financing will be extended to public & private sectors to
minimize the spread/impact of the pandemic.
The facility is available to public and private sector entities, and will take the form
of grants, concessional resources, private sector lending and risk insurance
coverage. It will also support investment in research and development, with a
focus on innovative solutions for containing the pandemic.
IsDB headquarter is located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and it has 57 members from
African, Asian and Middle East countries. Although Iran is one of the major
shareholders of IsDB, it has limited access to its facilities due to political reasons.
Source: IsDB website and LinkedIn – news in March & April
8
The Islamic
Development
Bank is a
multilateral
development
bank (MDB),
working to
improve the
lives of those
we serve by
promoting
social and
economic
development
in Member
countries and
Muslim
communities
worldwide,
delivering
impact at
scale.
Iran is the 3rd
largest
shareholder in
this bank.
9. بانکاروپاییو بازسازیتوسعه:مالی تامین بسته یورو میلیارد یک تخصیص
کرونا ویروس از ناشی اضطراری شرایط برای
«توسعه و بازسازی اروپایی بانک»)EBRD(تجاری مالی تامین از حمایت برای دالر میلیونها که نموده تعهد
شرکتتاثیرات با که دهد اختصاص هاییمخربمی مقابله کرونا ویروستامین این .نمایندبسته از بخشی تجاری مالی
یورویی میلیارد یک اضطراری حمایتیبانک ایناین .بود خواهدموضوعسهامدارا تصویب بهشامل بانک ناتحادیه
و اروپا69.است رسیده جهان سراسر از کشور
بان این مقامات اظهارات بنابهگ در سرمایه ،نقدینگی بسته این ،کبر فوری تجاری مالی تامین و ردشمشتریان ای
.نمایند مقابله ویروس این شیوع از ناشی مشکالت با بتوانند آنها تا آورد خواهد فراهم خود فعلی
به سال دو تا مدت کوتاه مالی تامین همچنین و تجاری مالی تامین ،مالی موسسات طریق از ،مالی تامین بخش در
همچ بانک این .یافت خواهد اختصاص متوسط و کوچک های بنگاهمدت کوتاه گردش در سرمایه تسهیالت نین
برای مدت کوتاه نقدینگی و ترازنامه ساختار تجدید نیز و انرژی دهندگان توسعه و شرکتها سایر برای سال دو تا
.آورد خواهد فراهم زیرساخت و انرژی حوزه شرکتهای ،شهرداریها
کشو از بانک این قوی حمایتهای بدنبال اضطراری حمایت بسته اینسال در بنحویکه ،باشد می عضو رهای2019
به توانست بانک اینسابقه بی رقمسرمایگذاری ه1/10میلیایورو ردییعضو کشورهای در.یابد دست
EBRD Unveils €1 billion Emergency Corona Virus Financing Package
The “European Bank for Reconstruction and Development” (EBRD) has committed to providing hundreds of
millions in trade finance support for companies struggling in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, part of
an emergency €1 billion support package. The bank’s shareholders, which includes the European Union and
69 countries from around the world.
EBRD says it will provide emergency liquidity, working capital and trade finance to help existing clients cope
with the fallout from the outbreak of Covid-19.
The planned measures will include an expansion of trade finance and the provision of short-term finance of
up to two years through financial institutions, specifically in support of small and medium sized enterprises.
The Bank will seek to provide short-term working capital facilities of up to two years for other corporates
and energy developers and balance sheet restructuring and short term liquidity support for municipal,
energy and infrastructure clients.
This EBRD’s package of emergency measures comes as the Bank is already pledging strong support generally
for its existing countries of operations and follows a record level of investment of €10.1 billion in 2019.
Source: EBRD website & Global Trade Review (GTR) Magazine (18-03-2020)
9
«و بازسازی اروپایی بانک
توسعه»بانک یک ،
توسعهایمیبا که ،باشد
مالی خدمات انواع ارائه
توسعه به38عضو کشور
کمک اروپا در خود
میاصلی خدمات ،نماید
از عبارتند بانک این
سرمایه ،تسهیالت اعطاء
ضمانتنامه صدور ،گذاری
خدمات ارائه و
مشاوره.ای
10. صندوقمالی تامین ارائه :پول المللی بین50به کمک برای دالری میلیارد
همه از ناشی مشکالتکرونا ویروس گیری
صندوق این(IMF)،برنامه قالب در«سریع پرداخت با اضطراری مالی تامین تسهیالت»مبلغ دارد قصد50میلیارد
این از .دهد قرار ،دارند کمک به نیاز که نوظهوری کشورهای و پائین درآمد با کشورهای اختیار در مالی تامین دالر
،مبلغ10اختیار در درصد صفر بهره با دالر میلیاردبرای رسمی بطور نیز ایران .گرفت خواهد قرار کشورها فقیرترین
با هنوز که داده درخواست اعتباری خط این از مندی بهرهآ.است نشده موافقت ن
IMF Makes Available US$ 50 Billion to Help Address Corona Virus
The IMF is making available about US$ 50 billion through its rapid-disbursing
emergency financing facilities for low income and emerging market countries that
could potentially seek support. Of this, US$ 10 billion is available at zero interest
for the poorest members through the Rapid Credit Facility.
Iran has applied to benefit this financing facility, but there is no sign of approval
yet.
Source: IMF website (04-03-2020)
برای دالری میلیارد یک حمایتی بسته اعالم :چارتر استاندارد بانک
کرونا ویروس با مقابله در صادرکنندگان
اختصاص شرکتهایی به دالری میلیارد یک مالی تامین بسته اینمییابدیا و کاال بتوانند ویروس این با مقابله برای که
درمان و بهداشت حوزه و داروئی صنایع در کنندگان توزیع یا و تولیدکنندگان به مالی منابع این .نمایند ارائه خدمات
دتولیدبر میانایندرکه ،دارداختصاصضدعفونی ،محافظتی تجهیزات ،صورت ماسک،مصنوعی تنفس ستگاههای
کنندههادر شرکتها به ترجیحی نرخهای با را مبلغ این دارد قصد بانک این .است شده تاکید مصرفی اقالم سایر و
واردات یا صادراتی مالی تامین ،وام قالبی.نماید ارائه گردش در سرمایه تسهیالت یا و
Standard Chartered Announces Support for Exporters in US$ 1
billion Corona Virus Package
Standard Chartered has pledged US$ 1 billion in financing to companies who can
provide goods and services that will help in the fight against coronavirus. As part
of the package, the bank will provide funding to manufacturers and distributors in
the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare providers, with goods in line for
support including ventilators, face masks, protective equipment, sanitizers and
other consumables. The bank intends to provide, at preferential rates, at least US$
1 billion of financing to those companies in the form of loans, import/export
finance or the working capital facilities.
Source: Global Trade Review (GTR) Magazine (07-04-2020) 10
«المللی بین صندوق
پول»با سازمانی189
می عضودر که ،باشد
تقویت راستای
در پولی همکاریهای
تضمین ،جهان سطح
تسهیل ،مالی ثبات
بین تجارتتقویت ،الملل
اقتصادی رشد و اشتغال
فقر کاهش نیز و پایدار
فعالیت جهان سراسر در
می.نماید
The International
Monetary Fund
(IMF) is an
organization of 189
countries, working
to foster global
monetary
cooperation, secure
financial stability,
facilitate
international trade,
promote high
employment and
sustainable
economic growth,
and reduce poverty
around the world.
11. آفریقا بانک اگزیم:اعالماختصاص3با مقابله برای تسهیالت دالر میلیارد
کرونا ویروس تاثیرات
آفریقا بانک اگزیم(Afreximbank)کهمرکزی دفترشهر در آنقاهرهدارد قرار مصر کشور دربه اعتباراتی ،
ارزش3نام به دالر میلیارد«تجاری تاثیرات کاهش تسهیالتهمهجهانی گیری»(PATIMFA)به کمک برای
کشوربانک این عضو آفریقایی های،کرونا ویروس گیری همه از ناشی اقتصادی و درمانی تاثیرات با مقابله در
سو ،ضمانتنامه ،اعتباری خطوط ،مستقیم مالی تامین قالب در تسهیالت این .داد اختصاصآسایر و ارزی بین پ
.بود خواهد مشابه ابزارهای
مرکزی بانکهای به ،تسهیالت این قالب درپرداخت تا شود می کمک عضو کشورهای مالی نهادهای سایر و
شده سررسید تجاری بدهیهایخودتجاری پرداختهای در قصور از و داده انجام راآنهااز همچنین .شود جلوگیری
کشور این مرکزی بانکهای ارزی منابع تثبیت برای منابع اینهااقال واردات از بتوانند آنها تا شد خواهد استفادهم
تسهیالت این بعالوه .کنند حمایت اضطراری شرایط در حیاتیPATIMFAمالی درآمدهای که عضو کشورهای به
وابسته معادن امتیاز حق همچون صادراتی خاص اقالم درآمدهای به آنهامی،باشدکاهش تا کرد خواهد کمک
نم مدیریت را صادراتی درآمدهای افت از ناشی خود مالی درآمدهای شدیدمالی تامین همچنین قالب این در .ایند
وار برای اضطراری تجاریهمه با مبارزه برای ضروری اقالم داتجهانی گیری،داروئی ،پزشکی اقالم همچون
.شد خواهد انجام ... و بیمارستانی
Afreximbank Announces US$3-Billion Facility to Cushion Impact
of COVID-19
The African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank), with headquarter in Cairo, Egypt,
has announced a US$3-billion facility, named Pandemic Trade Impact Mitigation
Facility (PATIMFA), to help African countries deal with the economic and health
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The facility will be available through direct
funding, lines of credit, guarantees, cross-currency swaps and other similar
instruments.
It will support member country central banks, and other financial institutions to
meet trade debt payments that fall due and to avert trade payment defaults. It
will also be available to support and stabilize the foreign exchange resources of
central banks of member countries, enabling them to support critical imports
under emergency conditions. In addition, PATIMFA will assist member countries
whose fiscal revenues are tied to specific export revenues, such as mineral
royalties, to manage any sudden fiscal revenue declines as a result of reduced
export earnings. It will also provide emergency trade finance facilities for import
of urgent needs to combat the pandemic, including medicine, medical
equipment, hospital refitting, etc.
Source: Afreximbank website (24-03-2020)
11
«و صادرات بانک
آفریقا واردات»یک
مالی تامین موسسه
برای چندجانبه تجاری
آفریقا کلاستدر که
سال1993نظر زیر
«توسعه بانکآفریقا»
.گردید تاسیس
چشمبانک این انداز
که اینستبهبانک
مالی تامین اصلی
آفریقا در تجاری
تبدیل.شود
African Export–
Import Bank, also
referred to
as Afreximbank, is
a pan-
African multilateral
trade finance
institution created
in 1993 under the
auspices of the
African
Development
Bank.
Afreximbank's
vision is to be the
trade finance bank
for Africa.
13. ADB Triples COVID-19 Response Package to US$ 20 Billion
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) on 13 April tripled the size of its response to
the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic to US$ 20 billion and
approved measures to streamline its operations for quicker and more flexible
delivery of assistance. The US$ 20 billion package includes about US$ 2.5 billion
in concessional and grant resources.
Up to US$13 billion will be provided to help governments of developing member
countries implement effective countercyclical expenditure programs to mitigate
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on the poor and the
vulnerable. Grant resources will continue to be deployed quickly for providing
medical and personal protective equipment and supplies from expanded
procurement sources.
Some US$ 2 billion from the US$ 20 billion package will be made available for the
private sector. Loans and guarantees will be provided to financial institutions to
rejuvenate trade and supply chains. Enhanced microfinance loan and guarantee
support and a facility to help liquidity-starved small and medium-sized
enterprises, including those run by female entrepreneurs, will be implemented
alongside direct financing of companies responding to, or impacted by, COVID-
19.
This bank is established in 1966, and it is owned by 68 members—49 from the
region. Its headquarter is in Manila, the Philippines.
Source: ADB website (13-04-2020)
13
The Asian
Development Bank
(ADB) envisions a
prosperous,
inclusive, resilient,
and sustainable Asia
and the Pacific,
while sustaining its
efforts to eradicate
extreme poverty in
the region. ADB
assists its members,
and partners, by
providing loans,
technical assistance,
grants, and equity
investments to
promote social and
economic
development.
ADB maximizes the
development impact
of its assistance by
facilitating policy
dialogues, providing
advisory services,
and mobilizing
financial resources
through cofinancing
operations that tap
official, commercial,
and export credit
sources.
15. European ECAs Unveil Fresh Support as Covid-19 Impact Deepens
Export credit agencies (ECAs) across Europe are upping their support for businesses grappling with the
Covid-19 crisis,
The rapid spread of coronavirus has already had a profound effect on “global shipping and finance lines”,
prompting concerns of a major hit to global GDP and a prolonged slowdown in international trade. Several
ECAs are responding by unveiling drastic new measures aimed at ensuring businesses still have access to
finance and so can continue exporting goods.
Polish agency KUKE announced last week that following a slowdown in international trade, it would take
on 100% of both commercial and political risk from exporters and banks financing or refinancing export
transactions, with immediate effect. The policy will apply to all new export projects with repayment terms
of two years or more, and will last at least until the end of 2020. The main reason behind introducing the
new policy is to encourage banks to continue to support and finance export projects. KUKE will take on
the entire transactional risk, thanks to which banks will not have to create reserves against the potential
risk of default by a foreign buyer subject to the contract. KUKE’s portfolio mainly consists of construction,
machinery, transport and shipmaking projects. The agency says it usually covers around 90 to 95% of a
contract value.
In Norway, meanwhile, credit agency GIEK has launched a US$ 522 million Guarantee Scheme to cover
loans to airlines licensed in the country. The airline sector is in a critical state following a sharp drop in air
traffic, caused by travel restrictions aimed at limiting the spread of Covid-19. The airlines are an important
part of Norway’s infrastructure. The new scheme will enable airlines to obtain loans in the commercial
bank market, backed by AAA-rated state guarantees. GIEK says it is ready to issue guarantees as soon as
the new scheme is put in place by the government, which is itself subject to the approval of European Free
Trade Area supervisory authorities.
Denmark’s EKF has also launched new initiatives. It says domestic exporters facing immense pressure due
to the crisis can benefit from operating loans of up to DKr 1.25 billion (US$ 180 million) provided by the
country’s banking sector, with insurance cover for export orders totaling a similar amount. Effective
assistance will be offered by EKF in the form of liquidity guarantees and reinsurance of private trade credit
insurance companies.
Spain – where the outbreak of Covid-19 has been particularly rapid – has responded with broader
measures. Export credit agency CESCE is providing a new revolving credit line for small-to-medium-sized
enterprises of up to €2 billion, in two tranches of €1 billion each. Though the funds are aimed at exporting
companies, they do not have to be used directly for facilitating export activities.
Similarly, in France, export credit agency Bpifrance is collaborating with the banking sector to offer state
guaranteed loans worth a total of €300 billion, available to companies with fewer than 5,000 employees.
Source: Global Trade Review (GTR) Magazine (25-03-2020)
15
17. Coronavirus: Ministers in Talks about
Credit Insurance Guarantee Scheme
The government is in talks about a funding
package to safeguard vital parts of Britain's
industry supply chains by effectively
guaranteeing losses for companies that offer
trade credit insurance.
Sky News has learnt that insurers are in talks with the Treasury and the
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy about a new
reinsurance scheme that would prevent the widespread withdrawal of cover
across sectors such as manufacturing and retail.
City sources said that any agreement could involve the government
'backstopping' large numbers of insurance contracts for the duration of the
coronavirus pandemic - and potentially months into the economy's recovery
phase. The bill for doing so could run to hundreds of millions, or even billions, of
pounds. The discussions are at a detailed stage, although a deal remains complex
and uncertain. Whitehall sources said a reinsurance scheme, under which the
government would take on the risk of default, was one of the options under
consideration.
Trade credit insurers offer crucial protection to companies against the risk of
default by their customers. The big players in the trade credit insurance sector,
which include Atradius, Coface and Euler Hermes, play a critical role in the
industries which they help to finance. The current economic situation is making
it difficult for insurers to price their risk. This is leading to a reduction of credit
limits and warned of the potential impact on markets.
Their withdrawal of cover to suppliers to a high street chain, for example, is often
interpreted as a warning sign that the insurer believes that the retailer is on the
brink of collapse. Such moves then oblige suppliers to demand payment for
goods up-front, exacerbating the strain on an already struggling retailer's cash
flow.
Insurers work closely with their customers, discussing with them where credit
limits can be adjusted to help avoid bad debts, but this cannot happen where
there is likely to be a sharp rise in insolvencies across many business sectors,
such as from COVID-19. This meant that the availability of trade credit insurance
is likely to be severely reduced in the future.
"We want to avoid this, so we are discussing with the government the scope for
temporary state support to ensure that businesses can continue to obtain cover
that meets their needs," the spokesman said.
Source: Sky News (20-04-2020)
Image: A view of
London's Oxford
Street at the
lockdown
17
Britain’s
government is one
of many countries
which is trying to
support the people,
businesses and
trade/investment
flow through
different
stimulus packages.
Governments’
actions are
nowadays very
critical for the
survival of a major
part of the
societies.
Despite all these
supports and
initiatives, it is
predicted the hurt
to people and
economies, due to
Covid-19 virus
pandemic, will be
widespread and
mostly crippling.
18. «بین مالی تامین موسسهالمللی:»تضمین25به تسهیالت دالری میلیون
نیجریه در زن کارآفرینان و متوسط و کوچک بنگاههای
چارچوب در«کوچک وامهای تضمین برنامه»«المللی بین مالی تامین موسسه»)IFC(اعطایی اعتبارات ،«یونیون
بانک»به موردنظر بخشهای بهمبلغ25بصورت ریسک تسهیم نحوه .گرفت قرار پوشش تحت دالری میلیون50%-
%50میگریزی ریسک وجود و وثیقه باالی مقادیر درخواست ،رانت وجود بواسطه ،کشور این بازار در .باشد،
اعطای.است فشار تحت تسهیالت
که زند می تخمین جهانی بانک70%دسترس بانکی تسهیالت به نیجریه در زناناین که درحالیست این ،ندارند ی
کشور این در مردان برای نرخ7/53%آنکه علیرغم درضمن .است80%بنگاه سوی از اشتغالو کوچک های
می ایجاد متوسطفقط ولی ،شود15%بنگاه اینبنا همچنین .دارند دسترسی اعتباری خطوط یا و بانکی وامهای به ها
نی از بیش ،شده انجام نظرسنجی بهمشکالت از یکی را مالی تامین به دسترسی ،بانوان مدیریت با شرکتها از می
می خود شرکت توسعه و رشد راه در اصلی.دانند
IFC Agrees Risk-Sharing Deal to Support Nigerian SMEs and
Women-led Businesses
This US$ 25 million local-currency facility, signed with Union Bank, is part of the
IFC’s “small loan guarantee program” (SLGP), which facilitates local currency
lending to small businesses in markets where lending is constrained by
informality, high collateral requirements, and risk aversion. Under the terms of
the facility, the IFC will cover as much as 50% percent of the risk of Union Bank’s
loans.
The World Bank estimates that 70% of Nigerian women are considered
unbanked, compared to 53.7% of Nigerian men. And although small businesses
provide over 80% of Nigeria’s jobs, a recent World Bank survey found that only
15% of SMEs in the country reported having a bank loan or line of credit. It also
found that more than half of women-managed firms named access to finance as
a major obstacle to growth.
Source: Global Trade Review (GTR) Magazine (04-03-2020)
18
«موسسهمالی تامین
بینالمللی»نهادهای از
زیرمجموعه«بانک گروه
جهانی»این .باشد می
موسسه بزرگترین نهاد
توسعهکه است جهان ای
خصوصی بخش روی بر
حال در کشورهای در
.دارد تمرکز توسعه
بازار ایجاد آن هدف
آوردن بوجود برای
همگان برای فرصت
می.باشد
IFC—a sister
organization of the
World Bank and
member of
the World Bank
Group—is the
largest global
development
institution focused
on the private
sector in developing
countries.
Its target is to
create markets that
open up
opportunities for
all.