2. COMPATIBILITY TESTING – THE
CROSS MATCHING
A COMPATIBILITY TEST IS ESSENTIAL BEFORE
ALL TRANSFUSIONS
PROCEDURE USED TO DETERMINE
COMPATIBILITY OF DONOR AND RECIPIENT
BLOOD IS CALLED THE CROSS MATCH
SHOULD BE DONE IN 2 PARTS CALLED THE
MAJOR CROSS MATCH AND MINOR CROSS
MATCH
2
3. TESTS ARE NECESSARY FOR A SAFE
TRANSFUSON
1.ACCURATE TESTING OF ABO AND Rh TYPING
OF BOTH THE DONOR AND RECIPIENTS DONE
2.SCREENING TEST OF THE SERA OF BOTH
THE RECIPINET AND DONOR FOR DETECTION
OF ANY IRREGULAR ANTIBODIES
3.SCREENING FOR HIV, HBV, HCV, MALARIA,
SYPHILIS, etc
4.CROSS MATCHING TEST
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4. DIFFERENT METHOD
1.SALINE CROSS MATCH
OPEN SLIDE METHOD
SALINE TUBE METHOD
IMMEDIATE –SPIN AND THERMAL INCUBATION
MODIFICATION
2. ALBUMIN TUBE METHOD
3.COOMB’S CROSS MATCHING
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5. SALINE CROSS MATCH
1.OPEN SLIDE METHOD
PROCEDURE
MAKE 5% SUSPENSION IN SALINE OF THE
PATIENTS’S CELLS AND DONORS CELLS
TAKE A CLEAN GLASS SLIDE
MARK LEFT SIDE ONE CIRCLE & LABEL IT AS
‘P’- MAJOR SIDE
MARK RIGHT SIDE ONE CIRCLE & LABEL IT AS
‘D’ – MINOR SIDE
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6. OPEN SLIDE METHOD
MAJOR SIDE – 1 DROP OF THE PATIENT’S
SERUM & 1 DROP OF THE DONOR’S CELL
SUSPENSION
MINOR SIDE – 1 DROP OF THE DONOR’S
SERUM &1 DROP OF THE PATIENT’S CELL
SUSPENSION
MIX BY GENTLY ROTATING THE SLIDE
INCUBATE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR 10 -
15 MINUTES
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7. OPEN SLIDE METHOD
EXAMINE BOTH MACROSCOPICALLY AND
MICROSCOPICALLY FOR AGGLUTINATION
THEREFORE RECOMMENDED THAT TUBE
METHODS BE USED INSTEAD OF THIS SLIDE
METHOD
ALLOWING DETECTION OF BOTH
AGGLUTINATION AND HAEMOLYSIS AS
INDICATOR OF INCOMPTABILITY
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8. SALINE TUBE METHOD
PROCEDURE
MAKE 5% SALINE CELL SUSPENSION OF THE
DONOR AND PATIENT CELLS IN A SEPARATE
TUBE
MAJOR CROSS MATCH TUBE – ADD 1 DROP OF
PATIENT’S SERUM AND ADD 1 DROP OF THE
DONOR CELL SUSPENSION
MINOR CROSS MATCH TUBE – ADD I DROP OF
DONOR SERUM AND ADD 1 DROP OF
PATIENT’S CELL SUSPENSION
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9. SALINE TUBE METHOD
MIX THE CELLS AND SERA BY GENTLY
TAPPING THE TUBES
ALLOW TO STAND AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
FOR 30 MINUTES
EXAMINE FOR AGGLUTINATION BOTH
MACROSCOPICALLY AND MICROSCOPICALLY
ALSO NOTE THE COLOUR OF THE
SUPERNATANT FLUID BEFORE SUSPENDING
THE CELLS TO NOTE ANY HAEMOLYSIS
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11. SALINE TUBE METHOD
DISADVANTAGE
METHOD REQUIRES A LONGER INCUBATION
PERIOD
ADVANTAGE
DETECTING WEAK REACTION MORE OFTEN
ALLOWING DETECTION OF HAEMOLYSIS
ONLY DETECT THE AGGLUTINATING IgM
ANTIBODIES
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12. PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER
COMPATIBILITY TESTING (5 MARKS)
SEPTEMBER 2014/APRIL 2017/SEPTEMBER
2018
DESCRIBE CROSS MATCHING(5
MARKS)FEB/MARCH 2012
WHAT IS CROSS MATCHING?(3 MARKS)
AUGUST 2013
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