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This document discusses the challenges that wastewater pump stations face from debris and provides design solutions to address them. Common sources of debris include manufacturing, food processing, restaurants, retirement homes, and entertainment facilities. This debris can cause problems like solids passing through pumps, shaft deflection, and level detection issues. The design solutions presented are: 1) protecting the pump by removing, reducing, and restraining debris; 2) using a pressure transducer and backup duplex opti-float for level detection; and 3) installing a drop bowl, sloped basin, cleanout, and mixer to manage debris and fats/oils/grease. The document also provides background on Josh Dragon who has overseen over 250 pump
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Marron Bingle-Davis
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Casper, WY
What is a Waterflood?
Primary Production = extracting oil from a reservoir without any additives
Production usually declines over time, sometimes rapidly
Loss of reservoir pressure
20-30% recovery
Secondary Production = treating the reservoir to increase production
Injecting water or gas to push oil
Increases reservoir pressure
50% total recovery, or an extra 20-30%
Water injection = injecting water at higher pressure to push the lighter oil towards a producing well
History of Waterfloods
1860s: Oil fields in Pennsylvania had seeping groundwater
Ruin a well, but production jumped just prior
1880: John Carll announced that if water was deliberately introduced it would increase production
Not regulated, potentially hazardous to water supply
1921: Waterflooding legalized and regulated
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Patterns
Waterflood Problems
Reservoir already naturally flooded by formation water so nothing left to sweep
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Heterogeneous reservoir
Rock is mixed lithologies*
Intervals of very high and very low permeability*
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* Powder River Basin sandstone intervals
Newcastle/Muddy Formation
In Wyoming (PRB), Montana (PRB, WB), North (WB) and South Dakota (BH)
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Primary Production = extracting oil from a reservoir without any additives
Production usually declines over time, sometimes rapidly
Loss of reservoir pressure
20-30% recovery
Secondary Production = treating the reservoir to increase production
Injecting water or gas to push oil
Increases reservoir pressure
50% total recovery, or an extra 20-30%
Water injection = injecting water at higher pressure to push the lighter oil towards a producing well
History of Waterfloods
1860s: Oil fields in Pennsylvania had seeping groundwater
Ruin a well, but production jumped just prior
1880: John Carll announced that if water was deliberately introduced it would increase production
Not regulated, potentially hazardous to water supply
1921: Waterflooding legalized and regulated
1950s: Waterflooding became common practice in most oil fields
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Waterflood Problems
Reservoir already naturally flooded by formation water so nothing left to sweep
High cost depending on type of reservoir
Heterogeneous reservoir
Rock is mixed lithologies*
Intervals of very high and very low permeability*
High clay content*
* Powder River Basin sandstone intervals
Newcastle/Muddy Formation
In Wyoming (PRB), Montana (PRB, WB), North (WB) and South Dakota (BH)
Transitional marine
Series of fluvial and marine sandstone and shale intervals – very heterogeneous
Each sandstone separated by a shale bed
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Different sandstone intervals have produced oil
Sandstone intervals are described separately
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Why wasn’t the waterflood successful?
High permeability streaks allowed injected water to continue to sweep these zones leaving the rest untouched – Problem in Newcastle Fm
How to Fix it…
Mix polymers with water to plug up high permeability layers
Forces the injected water into untouched zones = more oil
Shrink/Swell Clays
Injected water makes clays swell
Plugs up formation so no more water can be injected
Add potassium hydroxide (KOH) before injection
Changes clay chemistry
Clays become stable
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Need to add KOH prior to injection – not in North Skull Creek
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Extensive geological evaluation before starting a waterflood
Heterogeneity in lithology
Porosity, permeability for connectivity
Calculate pore volume to know how much to inject
Add KOH treatment prior to any injection to stabilize clays
Inject polymers to fix permeability
Increase production from 20-30% recovery to 50% recovery
013 Wear Rings
The document discusses how water pumps work and how wear rings can prevent damage and improve efficiency. It explains that water moving from high to low pressure zones inside the pump case can cause some water to be re-pumped, reducing efficiency. Wear rings installed in the pump case are more durable and can be replaced to prevent damage to the case from re-pumped water. The document also discusses how wear ring materials, sizes, and whether they are replaceable or not can vary depending on the pump size.
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Wef Presentation
- 1. Designing Pump Stations to be Wipes Ready www.JensenPumps.com
- 2. SOURCES OF WASTEWATER DEBRIS Anywhere on the Las Vegas strip… • Manufacturing • Produce • Food Processing Industry • Truck Stops / Restaurants • Retirement Homes • Entertainment Facilities Commercial • Parks • Prisons • Military Municipal
- 3. CHALLENGES FOR PUMP STATIONSPumps Pass Solids Not Ropes Shaft Deflection Level Detection Floats: Trash Balls Probe Shorts Debris Collection In Corners On Components Fats/Oils/Grease
- 4. DESIGN SOLUTION: PROTECT THE PUMP Remove Reduce Restrain
- 6. DESIGN SOLUTION: DEBRIS / FOG Drop Bowl Sloped Basin Cleanout Cycle Mixer
- 7. JOSH DRAGON, P.E. • Has overseen the design & construction of over 250 Pump Stations • Flow range: 20 – 3000 GPM • Style: Submersible, Dry Pit, & Line Shaft • Fluid: Wastewater, Stormwater Jensen Pump Stations Division Manager www.JensenPumps.com jdragon@jensenprecast.com Twitter: @JensenPumps
Editor's Notes
- DON’T CAMP HERE Focus on: Unexpected waste - Hairnets from employees State, regional parks. Wedding dresses (table cloths) Prisons – Self explanatory Serious issue in Las Vegas entertainment areas (casinos, etc.)
- Challenges for lift stations: Clogging and/or damage to pumps: Pumps are design for SOLIDS passing, not ropes passing. Shaft deflection, seal and bearing failure All submersible pumps will eventually bind do to ropes (wedding dresses). Function of length, diameter, and strength of rope. Source of origin pump stations are likely not going to face these challenges because they are high up on the collection system. Long term issue is that these pumps pass the rags on down the line to pump stations lower down the line (municipal owned, conveyance). Level detection: Trash balls Shortage of probes Debris collection In corners of manholes and square vaults On station components FOG Layers
- Opti-Floats use a fiber optic cable. No electricity means truly intrinsically safe Life cycle far exceeds standard mechanical floats
- Use a sloped basin to direct debris and waste TOWARDS the pumps Use a drop bowl to direct debris towards the sump and avoid mechanical equipment during a free fall Use a mixer to break FOG layers and churn trash and debris towards the pumps.