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FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB.ppt
- 1. Energy Flow in Ecosystems Food Chains & Food Webs
- 2. 3 Roles • Producer – Makes its own food – usually plants or one-celled organisms – Algae – Phytoplankton, tiny organisms that live in the ocean – Some types of bacteria • Consumer – Obtains energy from eating other organism – Omnivore, herbivore, carnivore, scavenger • Decomposer – Break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the environment – fungi and bacteria
- 3. Organisms that make their own food are producers.
- 4. Organisms that depend on others for food are consumers. • Herbivores - plant eaters
- 5. Carnivores - meat eaters
- 6. Omnivores - plant and meat eaters
- 7. Scavengers - feed off dead organisms
- 8. Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms & return the raw materials to the environment are decomposers.
- 9. Decomposer
- 10. Food Chain • A series of events in which 1 organism eats another and obtains energy • Shows 1 possible path along which energy can move
- 11. Food Chain • Arrows point in the direction of the organism that is eating the other. It means “Is eaten by” • Arrows also show the direction of energy flow.
- 12. Food Chain • 1st organism always a producer • 2nd organism is a primary consumer that eats the producer – 1st level consumer (primary consumer) • 2nd level (secondary) consumer eats the 1st level consumer • 3rd level consumer (tertiary) feed on secondary consumers
- 13. Food Chain • Position in the food chain is related to size. • Larger organisms are normally further up the food chain than smaller organisms
- 15. Food Web • A more realistic way to show energy flow in an ecosystem • Shows many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem
- 16. Energy Pyramid • A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from 1 feeding level to another in a food web • At each level Energy is lost • Only about 10% of the energy in 1 level is transferred to the next level Where does the energy go?
- 18. Energy Pyramid • MOST ENERGY IS AVAILABLE AT THE PRODUCER LEVEL • AT EACH LEVEL THERE IS LESS AVAILABLE ENERGY THAN AT THE LEVEL BELOW
- 19. Energy loss from Food Chain/Web • Organisms use the energy they get to survive: – Movement – Body heat – Reproduce – Carry out Chemical Reactions • Energy passed on is from growth. • The bigger the organism eaten, the more energy the next organism gets.