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Jennifer Marlon
Yale School of the Environment
Climate Change in the American Mind
Metropolitan Mayors Caucus
Environment Committee
April 20, 2021
Photos: climatevisuals.org
The Five Key Ideas
1. Itโ€™s real.
2. It's us.
3. It's bad.
4. Scientists agree.
5. Thereโ€™s hope!
Most Americans Think Global Warming
Is Happening
A Majority of Americans Think Global Warming
Is Mostly Human-Caused
Few Americans Understand the Scientific Consensus
that Human-Caused Global Warming is Happening
Correct answer!
Only 27% of Americans Are โ€œVery Worriedโ€
27%
20%
24%
19%
15% 16%
26% 25%
20%
26%
28%
30%
36%
32%
42%
50%
38%
52%
46%
53%
48%
20%
17%
14%
11%
16%
9%
17%
16% 15%
18%
13%
18%
22%
21%
23%
25% 24%
27%
25%
34%
23%
10%
6%
7%
6%
4%
7%
6% 6%
8%
6%
8% 7% 8%
10%
8% 7%
10%
8%
5%
8% 7%
0%
11/08 1/10 6/10 5/11 11/11 3/12 9/12 4/13 11/13 10/14 3/15 10/15 3/16 11/16 5/17 10/17 3/18 12/18 4/19 11/19 4/20
Do you think each of these issues should be a low, medium,
high, or very high priority for the next president and Congress?
[Global warming]
Global Warming Should be a โ€œVery Highโ€ Priority
for the President and Congress
Republicans
Democrats
Independents
In 2020, there will be an election to choose the U.S. president. As of today, how important will the
following issues be to you when you decide who you will vote for in the 2020 Presidential election?
April 2020.
Rank by
โ€œvery
importantโ€
All Registered Voters
Liberal
Democrats
Moderate/Conservative
Democrats
Liberal/Moderate
Republicans
Conservative
Republicans
1 Economy Healthcare Healthcare Economy Economy
2 Healthcare Global warming COVID-19 Government corruption Border security
3 Government corruption Environmental protection Economy Terrorism Government corruption
4 COVID-19 Income gap Russian election interference Healthcare Gun policies
5 Social Security Supreme Court nominations Social Security Social Security Terrorism
6 Gun policies Russian election interference Government corruption Gun policies Immigration reform
7 Terrorism Government corruption Education COVID-19 Supreme Court nominations
8 Education COVID-19 Global warming Border security Healthcare
9 Supreme Court nominations Developing clean energy Environmental protection Tax reform Social Security
10 Russian election interference Education Terrorism Immigration reform Foreign policy
11 Environmental protection Gun policies Income gap Federal budget deficit Abortion
12 Immigration reform Race relations Disaster relief Education Federal budget deficit
13 Global warming Economy Race relations Disaster relief International trade
14 Disaster relief Abortion Developing clean energy Improving roads, etc. COVID-19
15 Federal budget deficit Disaster relief Supreme Court nominations Foreign policy Tax reform
16 Income gap Social Security Federal budget deficit Environmental protection Improving roads, etc.
17 Foreign policy Foreign policy Tax reform Energy independence Energy independence
18 Tax reform Immigration reform Improving roads, etc. Russian election interference Education
19 Improving roads, etc. Energy independence Gun policies Supreme Court nominations Russian election interference
20 Abortion Tax reform Foreign policy International trade Opioid crisis
21 Border security Criminal justice reform Campaign finance reform Income gap Disaster relief
22 Developing clean energy Improving roads, etc. Energy independence Abortion Criminal justice reform
23 Energy independence Campaign finance reform Immigration reform Global warming Environmental protection
24 Race relations Terrorism Criminal justice reform Developing clean energy Campaign finance reform
25 International trade Wall Street reform Opioid crisis Campaign finance reform Legalizing marijuana
26 Criminal justice reform Federal budget deficit International trade Opioid crisis Race relations
27 Campaign finance reform Opioid crisis Abortion Race relations Wall Street reform
28 Opioid crisis Legalizing marijuana Legalizing marijuana Criminal justice reform Developing clean energy
29 Wall Street reform International trade Wall Street reform Wall Street reform Income gap
30 Legalizing marijuana Border security Border security Legalizing marijuana Global warming
Global Warming was #2 Voting Issue for Liberal Dโ€™s
Most Registered Voters, Including Republicans,
Support Climate-Friendly Energy Policies
- % โ€œstronglyโ€ or โ€œsomewhatโ€ support -
How much do you support or oppose the following policies?
April 2020.
The Yale Climate Opinion Maps
โ€œIf you could ask an expert on global warming one question,
which question would you ask?โ€
What can the world
(and I) do to reduce
global warming?
What harm will it
cause? Why should
I care?
How do you know
that global warming is
happening or human-
caused?
Leiserowitz et al., (2011)
All Americans underestimate
the % of the population who
thinks global warming is
happening
Liberal Democrats underestimate by 6
percentage points
Conservative Republicans
underestimate it by 21 pp
We perceive more confusion and
conflict than there really is. This is a
barrier to discussion and to action.
Recommendations
Talk About It:
Often/Occasionally
Rarely/Never
Ask People To Act
Yale Climate Connections
Yale Climate Connections โ€“ Locations (Link: https://yaleclimateconnections.org/locations/)
For new research alerts
Text yale to 444-999 to sign up
energy
in the american mind
December 2018

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Climate Change in the American Mind April 2021

  • 1. Jennifer Marlon Yale School of the Environment Climate Change in the American Mind Metropolitan Mayors Caucus Environment Committee April 20, 2021 Photos: climatevisuals.org
  • 2. The Five Key Ideas 1. Itโ€™s real. 2. It's us. 3. It's bad. 4. Scientists agree. 5. Thereโ€™s hope!
  • 3. Most Americans Think Global Warming Is Happening
  • 4. A Majority of Americans Think Global Warming Is Mostly Human-Caused
  • 5. Few Americans Understand the Scientific Consensus that Human-Caused Global Warming is Happening Correct answer!
  • 6. Only 27% of Americans Are โ€œVery Worriedโ€
  • 7. 27% 20% 24% 19% 15% 16% 26% 25% 20% 26% 28% 30% 36% 32% 42% 50% 38% 52% 46% 53% 48% 20% 17% 14% 11% 16% 9% 17% 16% 15% 18% 13% 18% 22% 21% 23% 25% 24% 27% 25% 34% 23% 10% 6% 7% 6% 4% 7% 6% 6% 8% 6% 8% 7% 8% 10% 8% 7% 10% 8% 5% 8% 7% 0% 11/08 1/10 6/10 5/11 11/11 3/12 9/12 4/13 11/13 10/14 3/15 10/15 3/16 11/16 5/17 10/17 3/18 12/18 4/19 11/19 4/20 Do you think each of these issues should be a low, medium, high, or very high priority for the next president and Congress? [Global warming] Global Warming Should be a โ€œVery Highโ€ Priority for the President and Congress Republicans Democrats Independents
  • 8. In 2020, there will be an election to choose the U.S. president. As of today, how important will the following issues be to you when you decide who you will vote for in the 2020 Presidential election? April 2020. Rank by โ€œvery importantโ€ All Registered Voters Liberal Democrats Moderate/Conservative Democrats Liberal/Moderate Republicans Conservative Republicans 1 Economy Healthcare Healthcare Economy Economy 2 Healthcare Global warming COVID-19 Government corruption Border security 3 Government corruption Environmental protection Economy Terrorism Government corruption 4 COVID-19 Income gap Russian election interference Healthcare Gun policies 5 Social Security Supreme Court nominations Social Security Social Security Terrorism 6 Gun policies Russian election interference Government corruption Gun policies Immigration reform 7 Terrorism Government corruption Education COVID-19 Supreme Court nominations 8 Education COVID-19 Global warming Border security Healthcare 9 Supreme Court nominations Developing clean energy Environmental protection Tax reform Social Security 10 Russian election interference Education Terrorism Immigration reform Foreign policy 11 Environmental protection Gun policies Income gap Federal budget deficit Abortion 12 Immigration reform Race relations Disaster relief Education Federal budget deficit 13 Global warming Economy Race relations Disaster relief International trade 14 Disaster relief Abortion Developing clean energy Improving roads, etc. COVID-19 15 Federal budget deficit Disaster relief Supreme Court nominations Foreign policy Tax reform 16 Income gap Social Security Federal budget deficit Environmental protection Improving roads, etc. 17 Foreign policy Foreign policy Tax reform Energy independence Energy independence 18 Tax reform Immigration reform Improving roads, etc. Russian election interference Education 19 Improving roads, etc. Energy independence Gun policies Supreme Court nominations Russian election interference 20 Abortion Tax reform Foreign policy International trade Opioid crisis 21 Border security Criminal justice reform Campaign finance reform Income gap Disaster relief 22 Developing clean energy Improving roads, etc. Energy independence Abortion Criminal justice reform 23 Energy independence Campaign finance reform Immigration reform Global warming Environmental protection 24 Race relations Terrorism Criminal justice reform Developing clean energy Campaign finance reform 25 International trade Wall Street reform Opioid crisis Campaign finance reform Legalizing marijuana 26 Criminal justice reform Federal budget deficit International trade Opioid crisis Race relations 27 Campaign finance reform Opioid crisis Abortion Race relations Wall Street reform 28 Opioid crisis Legalizing marijuana Legalizing marijuana Criminal justice reform Developing clean energy 29 Wall Street reform International trade Wall Street reform Wall Street reform Income gap 30 Legalizing marijuana Border security Border security Legalizing marijuana Global warming Global Warming was #2 Voting Issue for Liberal Dโ€™s
  • 9. Most Registered Voters, Including Republicans, Support Climate-Friendly Energy Policies - % โ€œstronglyโ€ or โ€œsomewhatโ€ support - How much do you support or oppose the following policies? April 2020.
  • 10. The Yale Climate Opinion Maps
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. โ€œIf you could ask an expert on global warming one question, which question would you ask?โ€ What can the world (and I) do to reduce global warming? What harm will it cause? Why should I care? How do you know that global warming is happening or human- caused? Leiserowitz et al., (2011)
  • 20.
  • 21. All Americans underestimate the % of the population who thinks global warming is happening Liberal Democrats underestimate by 6 percentage points Conservative Republicans underestimate it by 21 pp We perceive more confusion and conflict than there really is. This is a barrier to discussion and to action.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 28. Yale Climate Connections โ€“ Locations (Link: https://yaleclimateconnections.org/locations/)
  • 29. For new research alerts Text yale to 444-999 to sign up energy in the american mind December 2018