4. Vascular Injury
There has been an increase in the incidence of vascular
injury over the past four decades that has paralleled the
increase in assault with firearms, motor vehicle crashes,
and invasive medical procedures.
Caps MT, The epidemiology of vascular trauma. University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle 98195-6410, USA..
Blunt Penetrating
8. General Principles
Always start with ABC
Large IV pore lines
External compression to control bleeding
Look for hard signs of arterial injuries
9. Hard Sign and Soft Sign
Exploration
Further
Investigations
14. Vascular injury
“the clock starts ticking”
• Blood loss
• Progressive ischemia
• Compartment syndrome
• Tissue necrosis
Irreversible damage after 6 hours
15. Early Management
Compression
2 Large IV Line
Kristaloid
Cover wounds
Reduce fractures/dislocations
Splint
Re-evaluate
16. What should you do in OR?
Always establish good exposure
Establish proximal then distal arterial control
Use a shunt if the bones need to be fixed first to buy you
some time
Use local heparin flush
Make your arterial repair tension-free
Use autogenous vein
Repair concomitant venous injury if patient is stable
Annu Babu, Harshit Garg. Penetrating neck injury: Collaterals for another life after ligation of common
carotid artery and subclavian artery.. 2015. India
17. Annu Babu, Harshit Garg. Penetrating neck injury: Collaterals for another life after ligation of common
carotid artery and subclavian artery.. 2015. India
24. Damage control
Arteries that can be ligated with few
consequences:
- ICA ligation : high stroke rate.
- Subclavian, axillary, brachialis artery, EIA,CFA
& SFA: high risk of limb ischemia.
- SMA & IMA : gut necrosis
25. A Case
A 18 years old male, suddenly he hit by arch by
unknown person from left side.