GSM Based Ration Automation Using RFID Technique

ISSN(Online): 2456-8805
W.Amala Felix et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 5,27 October 2017, pg. 1-10
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
1
GSM Based Ration Automation Using RFID
Technique
W.Amala Felix1
, P.Karthi2
, G. Krithika3
, P.Avirajamanjula4
1,2
Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering,
Faculty Of Engineering And Technology, Prist University, Thanjavur- 613 403, India
3
Assistant Professor, Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering,
4
Professor, Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering,
Abstract— Ration Distribution System implies appropriation of fundamental items to countless. It is finished
by the legislature. Open conveyance framework is one of the broadly disputable officers that includes
defilement and illicit pirating of merchandise. All these happen in light of the fact that each activity in the
proportion shop includes manual work and there are no particular innovative advances to computerize the
activity. Our primary goal here is to computerize the procedure of the dispersion. The established technique
includes client to tell the individual taking care of the proportion shop outlet, the measure of the product
he/she needs and the sort as well. The individual working at that point measures the item and offers it to the
client. In our form of the framework, we will build up an inserted framework venture where we will have the
client to enter the sum he requires and the framework made will consequently gather that much sum in a
holder. It is another idea which considers the different social, financial and general viewpoints identifying
with specialized and additionally everyday controls.
Keywords— GSM, Ration Automation, Ration Distribution System, RFID, Public Distribution System.
I. INTRODUCTION
The traditional arrangement of Public Distribution System (PDS) set up by the Indian
government for gives sustenance security to the general population. There are different
apportion shops in the whole country where there are workers who give the general
population different wares like nourishment grains, oil, lamp oil and so forth. The client
needs to go the apportion shop and request that the representative give the ware and the sum
he needs. The worker at that point physically measures it and offers it to the client. This
exchange additionally should be included to the proportion card. This is the aggregate
communication which happens. This framework faces with different issues:
• As there are many proportion shops and the clients coming to purchase from apportion
shops are regularly accepted to be beneath destitution line and unskilled, the clients are
tricked to a substantial degree.
• There are grumblings identified with the nature of the item they get, the amount they get
is numerous a times not as much as the amount requested by them as the representatives take
from it.
• Moreover, they wind up paying more for the amount they get. Likewise the amount which
is included the apportion card isn't right.
• So they can't purchase increasingly whenever they require. So there is a ton of deceiving
and tricking of the clients that happens

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Our proposed framework, i.e. the Automated Ration Distribution System, is likewise an
installed framework as it incorporates an ideal offer of equipment and considerable offer of
programming too. It, in the same way as other installed applications, it comprises of program
source code, a microcontroller, a circuit with which the microcontroller is interfaced
alongside the PC, serial correspondence association, a keypad, other fringe circuits and power
supply. Robotized Ration Distribution System, the name itself recommends a vital and new
idea which will help settle the different misrepresentations engaged with the established
framework.
II. SYSTEM DESIGN
Computerizing the current framework is our essential answer for the different issues existing.
The different things that we can do to mechanize this framework are clarified underneath.
The amount of weight required by the client can be requested that by the representative go
into the application running on the PC at the outlet by the client itself. Once the amount is
entered, the worker can put a holder on the measuring machine. Presently rather than him
physically taking the grains weight, the client/representative can hit the begin catch that
would be given on the UI of the application. Once the begin catch is clicked, a little entryway
like opening in a compartment put at a tallness, over where the holder is put for gathering the
required measure of grains, will be opened by a solenoid valve. The grains begin getting
gathered in the holder. The weight will continue expanding constantly. It can be shown on the
measuring mechanical assembly itself and furthermore on the application running on the PC.
Exactly when the weight achieves the amount that was entered by the client, the solenoid
valve which opened the entryway like opening in the compartment of grains; it will close that
opening, as the required amount has been come to. This detail can be gone into the database
kept up at that shop through the application, by including different insights about the client in
the diverse fields gave. Hence the principle misrepresentations associated with the tricking of
client where they get less sums than what they have requested and wind up paying all the
more, false sections in the apportion card like making false passages or twofold passages and
so forth., are altogether managed in this usage of the framework.
Fig.1: Block Diagram

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III. HARDWARE
Fig.2: Automatic Rationing System
The above chart speaks to the framework design of the proposed framework. It is a legitimate
perspective of the every one of the segments that are required and how they will be associated
with each other. It demonstrates the association between different pieces of the ventures set-
up. [4] discussed a project, nowadays heart attack patients are increasing day by day."Though
it is tough to save the heart attack patients, we can increase the statistics of Saving the life of
that patients & the life of others whom they are responsible for. The main design of a project
is, in order to track the heart attack patients suffered any attacks during driving and sent them
a medical need & to stop the vehicle which he or she is riding to ensure that the persons along
them are safe from accident. An eye blinking sensor used to sense the blinking of the eye.
And a spO2 sensor to check the pulse rate of the patient. Both are connected to micro
controller. If eye blinking gets stopped then the signal is sent to the controller to make an
alarm through the buffer. If spO2 sensor senses a variation in pulse or low oxygen content in
Blood it may results in heart failure then the controller stops the motor of the vehicle. Then
Tarang F4 transmitter is used to sent the vehicle & the mobile number of the patient to a
nearest medical station within 25 km for medical aid. The pulse rate monitored via LCD .The
Tarang F4 receiver receives the signal and passes through controller, the number gets
displayed in the LCD screen and an alarm is produced through a buzzer as soon the signal is
received. Five topics are discussed in this project : Detecting the patient BPM and the Eye
blinking status; Transmitting via Tarang F4 in case of abnormalities in patient; The patient
status is displayed and indicated by Buzzer; The Hospital Unit receives the patient’s mobile
and the car number; The communication between the vehicle and the Hospital through
Tarang F4.

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A. RFID READER
Radio-recurrence ID (RFID) is the utilization of a remote non-contact radio framework to
exchange information from a label appended to a protest, for the motivations behind
programmed recognizable proof and following. A few labels require no battery and are fueled
by the radio waves used to peruse them. Others utilize a nearby power source. The tag
contains electronically put away data which can be perused from up to a few meters (yards)
away. Not at all like a standardized identification, the tag does not should be inside viewable
pathway of the peruser and might be implanted in the followed question.
RFID labels are utilized as a part of numerous businesses. A RFID appended to a car amid
creation can be utilized to keep tabs on its development through the mechanical production
system. Pharmaceuticals can be followed through distribution centers. Domesticated animals
and pets may have labels infused, permitting positive recognizable proof of the creature.
RFID character cards can give workers access to bolted ranges of a building, and RF
transponders mounted in vehicles can be utilized to charge drivers for access to toll streets or
stopping. Since RFID labels can be connected to attire, belonging, or even embedded inside
individuals, the likelihood of perusing by and by connected data without assent has raised
protection concerns.
B. Fluid CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
Fluid gem shows (LCD's) have materials, which join the properties of the two fluids and
precious stones. Instead of having a softening point, they have a temperature go inside which
the atoms are practically as portable as they would be in a fluid, yet are assembled together in
a requested frame like a precious stone.
A LCD comprises of two glass boards, with the fluid precious stone material sand witched in
the middle of them. The internal surface of the glass plates are covered with straightforward
terminals which characterize the character, images or examples to be shown polymeric layers
are available in the middle of the cathodes and the fluid precious stone, which makes the fluid
gem atoms to keep up a characterized introduction point.
One each energizes are glued outside the two glass boards. These energizes would turn the
light beams going through them to a clear edge, in a specific course. At the point when the
LCD is in the off state, light beams are pivoted by the two enraptures and the fluid precious
stone, to such an extent that the light beams leave the LCD with no introduction, and
henceforth the LCD seems straightforward.
At the point when adequate voltage is connected to the anodes, the fluid precious stone
particles would be adjusted in a particular heading. The light beams going through the LCD
would be turned by the captivates, which would bring about actuating/featuring the coveted
characters. The LCD's are lightweight with just a couple of millimeters thickness. Since the
LCD's devour less power, they are good with low power electronic circuits, and can be fueled
for long lengths.

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Fig.3: Rationing Smart Card System
C. LCD
The LCD does not produce light thus light is expected to peruse the show. By utilizing
backdrop illumination, perusing is conceivable oblivious. The LCD's have long life and a
wide working temperature extend. Changing the show estimate or the format measure is
generally basic which makes the LCD's more clients agreeable.
The LCDs utilized solely in watches, adding machines and measuring instruments are the
basic seven-portion shows, having a restricted measure of numeric information. The current
advances in innovation have brought about better readability, more data showing capacity
and a more extensive temperature run. These have brought about the LCDs being broadly
utilized as a part of media communications and excitement gadgets. The LCDs have even
begun supplanting the cathode beam tubes (CRTs) utilized for the show of content and
designs, and furthermore in little TV applications.
Crystalonics dot– lattice (alphanumeric) fluid precious stone presentations are accessible in
TN, STN sorts, with or without backdrop illumination. The utilization of C-MOS LCD
controller and driver ICs result in low power utilization. These modules can be interfaced
with a 4-bit or 8-bit chip/Micro controller.
D. POWER SUPPLY
The present part presents the operation of energy supply circuits manufactured utilizing
channels, rectifiers and afterward voltage controllers. Beginning with an AC voltage, an
unfaltering DC voltage is acquired by amending the AC voltage, at that point separating to a
DC level, lastly managing to get a coveted settled DC voltage. The direction is generally
acquired from an IC voltage controller unit, which continue as before if the information DC
voltage differs or the yield stack associated with DC voltage changes. A square outline
containing the parts of a regular power supply and the voltage at different focuses in the unit
is appeared in the figure. The AC voltage, commonly 120 Vrms, Is associated with

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transformer, which steps that AC voltage down to the level for the coveted DC yield. A diode
rectifier that gives a full-wave redressed voltage that is at first separated by a straightforward
capacitor channel to deliver a DC voltage. This subsequent DC voltage generally as some
swell or AC voltage variety. A managed circuit can utilize this DC contributions to give a DC
voltage that has significantly less swell voltage as well as continues as before DC esteem
regardless of the possibility that the information DC voltage differs some what, or the heap
associated with the yield DC voltage changes this voltage direction is normally gotten
utilizing one of various famous voltage control IC unit.
Power supply unit comprise of following units:
• Step down transformer
• Rectifier unit
• Input channel
• Regulator unit
• Output channel
E. Venture down transformer:
It is utilized to venture down the primary supply voltage by utilizing advance down
transformer. It comprises of essential and optional loops. The yield from the auxiliary is
likewise AC wave shape. Along these lines, we need to change over AC voltage in to DC
voltage by utilizing rectifier unit.
F. Rectifier unit:
We need to change over AC voltage in to DC voltage by utilizing rectifier. Scaffold rectifier
is utilized to change over AC voltage in to DC voltage. This yield voltage of the rectifier is in
undulated shape, so we need to expel swells from DC voltage.
G. Information channel:
Capacitor goes about as a channel. The standard of the capacitor is charging and releasing. It
charges in positive of cycle of the AC voltage and it will release in negative half cycle. soit
permits AC voltage and does not permit the DC voltage. The channel is settled before the
controller.
H. Controller UNIT:
Controller manages the yield voltage steady relies on the controller. It named takes after
I. GSM
The security techniques institutionalized for the GSM System make it the most secure cell
broadcast communications standard as of now accessible. Despite the fact that the secrecy of
a call and obscurity of the GSM endorser is just ensured on the radio channel, this is a
noteworthy advance in accomplishing end-to-end security.
The endorser's namelessness is guaranteed using impermanent recognizable proof numbers.
The classification of the correspondence itself on the radio connection is performed by the
utilization of encryption calculations and recurrence bouncing, which must be acknowledged
utilizing computerized frameworks and flagging.
This part gives a framework of the safety efforts actualized for GSM endorsers.

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J. Versatile STATION AUTHENTICATION:
The GSM arrange confirms the character of the endorser using a test reaction instrument. A
128-piece arbitrary number (RAND) is sent to the MS. The MS figures the 32-bit marked
reaction (SRES) in light of the encryption of the arbitrary number (RAND) with the
validation calculation (A3) utilizing the individual supporter verification key (Ki). After
accepting the marked reaction (SRES) from the supporter, the GSM arrange rehashes the
figuring to check the personality of the endorser.
Note that the individual endorser verification key (Ki) is never transmitted over the radio
channel. It is available in the supporter's SIM, and also the AUC, HLR, and VLR databases
as beforehand portrayed. In the event that the got SRES concurs with the figured esteem, the
MS has been effectively confirmed and may proceed. On the off chance that the qualities
don't coordinate, the association is ended and a validation disappointment showed to the MS.
The computation of the marked reaction is handled inside the SIM. This gives improved
security, on the grounds that the private endorser data, for example, the IMSI or the
individual supporter confirmation key (Ki) is never discharged from the SIM amid the
validation procedure.
K. Flagging AND DATA CONFIDENTIALITY:
The SIM contains the figuring key creating calculation (A8), which is utilized to deliver the
64-bit figuring key (Kc). The figuring key is registered by applying a similar arbitrary
number (RAND) utilized as a part of the confirmation procedure to the figuring key
producing calculation (A8) with the individual endorser verification key (Ki). As will be
appeared in later areas, the figuring key (Kc) is utilized to encode and unscramble the
information between the MS and BS.
An extra level of security is given by having the way to change the figuring key, making the
framework more impervious to listening in. The figuring key might be changed at customary
interims as required by arrange outline and security contemplations. In a comparative way to
the validation procedure, the calculation of the figuring key (Kc) happens inside the SIM.
Hence, touchy data, for example, the individual endorser validation key (Ki) is never
uncovered by the SIM.
Scrambled voice and information interchanges between the MS and the system is refined
through utilization of the figuring calculation A5. Scrambled correspondence is started by a
figuring mode ask for charge from the GSM arrange. Endless supply of this summon, the
versatile station starts encryption and decoding of information utilizing the figuring
calculation (A5) and the figuring key (Kc).
L. Endorser IDENTITY CONFIDENTIALITY:
To guarantee endorser character privacy, the Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI)
is utilized. The TMSI is sent to the portable station after the confirmation and encryption
systems have occurred. The versatile station reacts by affirming gathering of the TMSI. The

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TMSI is substantial in the area zone in which it was issued. For correspondences outside the
area territory, the Location Area Identification (LAI) is important notwithstanding the TMSI.
M. Hand-off OPERATION
A hand-off is an electrically worked switch. Current moving through the curl of the hand-off
makes an attractive field which pulls in a lever and changes the switch contacts. The curl
current can be on or off so transfers have two switch positions and they are doublethrow
(changeover) switches. Transfers enable one circuit to switch a moment circuit which can be
totally separate from the first. For instance a low voltage battery circuit can utilize a transfer
to switch a 230V AC mains circuit. There is no electrical association inside the hand-off
between the two circuits; the connection is attractive and mechanical.
N. RELAY DRIVER CIRCUIT
Fig.4: Relay Driver Circuit
O. RELAY:
A relay is an electrically worked switch. Current moving through the curl of the hand-off
makes an attractive field which draws in a lever and changes the switch contacts. The curl
current can be on or off so transfers have two switch positions and they are doublethrow
(changeover) switches. Transfers enable one circuit to switch a moment circuit which can be
totally separate from the first. For instance a low voltage battery circuit can utilize a transfer
to switch a 230V AC mains circuit. There is no electrical association inside the hand-off
between the two circuits; the connection is attractive and mechanical. The loop of a hand-off
passes a generally huge current, regularly 30mA for a 12V hand-off, yet it can be as much as
100mA for transfers intended to work from bring down voltages. Most ICs (chips) can't give
this current and a transistor is generally used to open up the little IC current to the bigger

9
esteem required for the transfer curl. The greatest yield current for the prevalent 555 clock IC
is 200mA so these gadgets can supply transfer loops specifically without intensification.
Fig.4: Relay
Transfers are generally SPDT or DPDT yet they can have numerous more arrangements of
switch contacts, for instance transfers with 4 sets of changeover contacts are promptly
accessible. Most transfers are intended for PCB mounting however you can patch wires
straightforwardly to the pins giving you take care to abstain from dissolving the plastic
instance of the hand-off. The enlivened picture demonstrates a working hand-off with its curl
and switch contacts. You can see a lever on the left being pulled in by attraction when the
curl is exchanged on. This lever moves the switch contacts. There is one arrangement of
contacts (SPDT) in the frontal area and another behind them, making the hand-off DPDT.
The relay's switch connections are usually labeled COM, NC and NO:
• COM = Common, always connect to this, it is the moving part of the switch.
• NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is off.
• NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is on.
P. MICROCONTROLLER
A microcontroller is a total chip framework based on a solitary IC. Microcontrollers were
created to address an issue for microchips to be put into minimal effort items. Building a total
microchip framework on a solitary chip significantly decreases the cost of building basic
items, which utilize the microprocessor'spower to actualize their capacity, in light of the fact
that the microchip is a characteristic approach to execute numerous items. This implies
utilizing a chip for minimal effort items comes up regularly. Be that as it may, the run of the
mill 8-bit chip based framework, for example, one utilizing a Z80 and 8085 is costly. Both
8085 and Z80 framework require some extra circuits to make a microchip framework. Each
part conveys expenses of cash. Despite the fact that an item configuration may require just
exceptionally basic framework, the parts expected to make this framework as a minimal
effort item.
To take care of this issue microchip framework is actualized with a solitary chip
microcontroller. This could be called microcomputer, as all the real parts are in the IC. Most
often they are called microcontroller in light of the fact that they are utilized they are utilized
to perform control capacities.
The microcontroller contains full execution of a standard MICROPROCESSOR, ROM,
RAM, I/0, CLOCK, TIMERS, and furthermore SERIALPORTS. Microcontroller

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additionally called "framework on a chip" or "single chip microchip framework" or "PC on a
chip".
A microcontroller is a Computer-On-A-Chip, or, in the event that you lean toward, a
solitary chip PC. Miniaturized scale recommends that the gadget is little, and controller
reveals to you that the gadget' may be utilized to control items, procedures, or occasions.
Another term to portray a microcontroller is installed controller, in light of the fact that the
microcontroller and its help circuits are regularly incorporated with, or implanted in, the
gadgets they control.
Today microcontrollers are usually utilized as a part of wide assortment of shrewd items.
For instance most PCs consoles and executed with a microcontroller. It replaces Scanning,
Debounce, Matrix Decoding, and Serial transmission circuits. Many ease items, for example,
Toys, Electric Drills, Microwave Ovens, VCR and a large group of other customer and
mechanical items depend on microcontrollers.
IV.CONCLUSION
Expectation has been made to present another innovation which evacuates the wrongs of
the current framework and furthermore has its own particular favorable circumstances which
are helpful for different applications. It goes about as a hostile to - debasement device as it
diminishes defilement, as it were, which was one of the essential reasons we thought of while
thinking of the thought. The use of this specific change is the present working of the
proportion shops has a considerable measure of degree in different territories separated from
being acquainted just with this specific area. This specific framework can be scaled up to for
countless which can be chosen from one controller itself. Likewise the innovation presented
can be utilized as a part of different spots like shopping centers, grocery stores, and so forth.
As there is simple entry, it can expel the requirement on schedule for different sorts of uses.
So the clients have 24x7availability. This can turn out to be a benefit to a few associations
and they may settle on introducing such a framework.
V. REFERENCES
[1] PrasannaBalaji.R, Manikandan.T, Automatic Public Distribution System, IJCSMC, Vol. 2, Issue. 7, July 2013, Pg.93 – 107.
Rajesh C. Pingle_And P. B. Boroley, Automatic Rationing For Public Distribution System (PDS) Using RFID and GSM Module To Prevent
Irregularities, HCTL Open IJTIR, Volume 2, March 2013.
[2] S.Sukhumar, K.Gopinathan, S.Kalpanadevi, P.Naveenkumar, N.SuthanthiraVanitha, Automatic Rationing System Using Embedded
System Technology, International Journal of Innovative Research In Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation And Control Engineering Vol.
1, Issue 8, November 2013.
[3] S.Valarmathy, R.Ramani, Fahim Akhtar, S.Selvaraju, G.Ramachandran, Automatic Ration Material Distributions Based on GSM and
RFID Technology, MECS, Published Online October 2013.
[4] Christo Ananth, "Cardiac Patients Monitoring at a Distance", [Subject: Engineering - Communication Technology], Anchor Academic
Publishing, Imprint of Diplomica Verlag GmbH, Germany, Print Book ISBN: 978-3-96067-195-4, e-Book ISBN: 978-3-96067-695-9,
September 2017, pp: 1-81.
[5] A.A. Mulla, Z. A. Mulla, Microcontroller Based Weighing Machine, IJCES, ISSN: 22316590, Nov. 2013.
[6] MunyaoKitavi, Design And Fabrication Of A Microcontroller Based Electronic Weighing Machine In High Mass Regime, Reg. No:
I56/7254/02.
Dhanoj Mohan, Rathikarani, Gopakumar, Automation of Ration Shop Using PLC, IJMER, ISSN: 2249-6645, Vol. 3, Issue. 5, Sep - Oct.
2013 pp-2971-297.

GSM Based Ration Automation Using RFID Technique

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