Kerala State Report May 2018

For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org May 2018
KERALA
GOD’S OWN COUNTRY
BEKAL FORT IN KASARGOD, KERALA

Table of Content
Executive Summary……………..……….….3
Introduction…..…………………..…………..4
Economic Snapshot…….……………….…..9
Physical Infrastructure………………….….14
Social Infrastructure……….…………..…...22
Infrastructure Infrastructure .......................25
Key Sectors………….…….…..…….......…31
Key Procedures and Policies……..……….38
Annexure…….………........................……49

For updated information, please visit www.ibef.orgKERALA3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
 Kerala is known as God’s own country. It is one of the few states to have marketed its natural beauty
successfully to the leisure tourism sector. The state’s unique heritage and cultural diversity have helped
attract tourists from the world over.
Cultural diversity and
well developed tourism
sector
 As of census 2011, Kerala has the highest literacy rate of 94.0 per cent and sex ratio of 1,084 women for
1,000 men, in India. Male literacy rate in the state stands at 96.10 per cent, among all states.
Highest literacy and sex
ratio
 Kerala holds second rank in the Investment Climate Index followed by Karnataka, as per a policy research
working paper by the World Bank. The state stands second due to its world-class infrastructure and well-
trained human resource pool.
Ranks second in
Investment Climate
Index
 Kerala has the 1st international transhipment terminal in India, having a design capacity of around 4 million
TEUs & providing better connectivity between Kerala & other ports in India.
First international
container transhipment
terminal
 Cochin Port handled all time high monthly cargo of 2.825 million tonnes in January 2018. Total traffic handled
during 2017-18* was 24.210 million tonnes.
Cargo Traffic in Cochin
Port
 Kerala has been promoting knowledge-based industries such as IT/ITeS, computer hardware &
biotechnology. It is the first state having a technology park with CMMI level 4 quality certification & a world-
class IT campus in Thiruvananthapuram.
Presence of world class
technology park
Source: Economic Review of Kerala 2014-15 , Kerala IT Policy, TEU’s = Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit Rubber Board, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Cochin Port Trust, New Indian
Express, State budget 2018-19, Migration And Development Brief 27 by World Bank, SLBC Kerala.
Note: * - Up tp January 2018

 Kerala is located along the coastline to the extreme south-west of the
Indian peninsula, flanked by the Arabian Sea on the west and the
mountains of the Western Ghats on the east. The state has a 580 km
long coastline.
 Malayalam is the most commonly spoken language. Hindi, English
and Tamil are the other languages used.
 Kochi, Kozhikode, Kollam, Thrissur, Alappuzha, Palakkad,
Thalassery, Ponnani and Manjeri are some of the key cities in the
state.
KERALA FACT FILE
 There are 44 rivers flowing through Kerala, the major ones being
Periyar (244 km), Bharathapuzha (209 km) and Pamba (176 km).
Out of these 44 rivers 41 are west flowing and 3 are east flowing.
Source: Maps of India
Parameters Kerala
Capital Thiruvananthapuram
Geographical area (sq km) 38,863
Administrative districts (No) 14
Population density (persons per sq km) 860
Total population (million) 33.41
Male population (million) 16.02
Female population (million) 17.38
Sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) 1,084
Literacy rate (%) 94.6
Source: Kerala at a glance, Economic Review of Kerala,2014-15 , Government of Kerala website, Census 2011, Central Statistics Office

Advantage
Kerala
ADVANTAGE: KERALA
Leader in tourism
 In 2015, Kerala was rewarded as the winner of PATA
awards by Macau Government Tourism Office (MGTO)
 BBC Travel survey has rated Kerala as the top favourite
tourist destination among foreign travellers.
 Foreign tourist arrivals increased by 5.11 per cent during
2017 over 2016.
Policy and
infrastructure support
 Kerala has a wide range of fiscal and policy incentives
for businesses under the Industrial and Commercial
Policy and has well-drafted sector-specific policies.
 It has a well-developed social, physical and industrial
infrastructure and virtual connectivity, and good power,
airport, IT, and port infrastructure. E-governance
initiatives will further strengthen transparency and bridge
digital divide.
Rich pool of skilled labour
 Kerala has a large base of skilled labour, making it an
ideal destination for knowledge-intensive sectors.
 The state has the highest literacy rate in the country.
 It has a large pool of semi-skilled and unskilled
labourers.
High economic growth
 Kerala’s gross state domestic product (GSDP) surged at
a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.13 per
cent between 2011-12 and 2016-17.
 Kerala is the leader in rubber production; high demand
of rubber has opened up immense opportunities for the
state in the rubber industry.
Source: Economic Review of Kerala 2014-15, Tourism Vision 2030, kerala Tourism

KERALA VISION 2030
Vision
2030
Energy
Education
Health
Transport
Labour
Industry
Forestry
Agriculture &
livestock
 Green, sustainable and safe
transport.
 Provide high quality education at
affordable rates.
 Create a global brand name in
education and develop into a
knowledge hub by 2030.
 Shift from subsistence farming to
highly knowledge intensive,
competitive farming.
 Self sufficiency in supply of fish,
meat, milk and other dairy products
to the local market.
 Increase health expenditure to
GSDP ratio from 0.6 per cent in
2012 to 4-5 per cent by 2027−31.
 Set up three medical cities by 2030.
 Provide health insurance cover to
all.
 Increase the share of forestry in
GSDP to 0.5 per cent.
 Increase the productivity of forests
through improved management of
resources.
 Growth oriented labour welfare policy.
 Connecting labour supply with
demand.
 Increasing employment opportunities.
 Increase the share of manufacturing
to 10 per cent of the GSDP by
2030.
 Sustained increase in employment
in manufacturing.
 Affordable and clean power to all.
 Exploit the full potential of hydro-electric
generation.
 100 per cent electrified households with
24*7 availability.
Source: Government of Kerala

KERALA IN FIGURES
Parameter Kerala India
GSDP as a percentage of all
states’ GSDP
4.05 100.0
GSDP growth rate (%) 10.59 10.8
Per capita GSDP (US$) 1,181.15 1,750.29
Kerala’s Contribution to Indian Economy (2016-17)
Installed power capacity (MW) 5,074.72 343,788.39
Wireless subscribers (No) 42,003,337 1,183,408,611
Internet subscribers (No) 18,930,000 445,960,000
National highway length (km) 1,782 115,435
Major and minor ports (No) 1+17 13+187
Airports (No) 3 125
Physical Infrastructure in Kerala
Literacy rate (%) 94.6 73.0
Birth rate (per 1,000
population)
14.3 20.4
Social Indicators
PPP projects operational (No) 19 715
Exporting SEZs (No) 19 222
Industrial Infrastructure
FDI equity inflows (US$ billion) 1.93 368.053
Investments (as of December 2017)
PPP: Public-Private Partnership, SEZ: Special Economic Zone, SRS: Sample Registration System

ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT – GSDP
GSDP of Kerala at current prices (US$ billion)
 At current prices, Kerala’s GSDP was about Rs 6.17 trillion
(US$ 37.23 billion) in 2016-17.
 The state’s GSDP recorded a CAGR of 11.13 per cent
between 2011-12 and 2016-17.
 Growth was mainly driven by secondary and tertiary sectors.
Per Capita GSDP of Kerala at current prices (US$)
 The state’s per capita GSDP^ stood at Rs 72,535 (US$ 1,081)
during 2016-17 as compared to Rs 45,538 (US$ 971) during
2011-12.
 Per capita GSDP increased at a CAGR of 10.69 per cent
between 2011-12 and. 2016-17
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics of Kerala, Per Capita GSDP^ - calculated using GSDP million US$/Population in million
30.54
28.89
29.49
32.47
34.52
37.23
3.64
4.12
4.65
5.13
5.58
6.17
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17US$ billion Rs trillion
CAGR 11.13%
971
907
914
994
1,044
1,081
45,538
49,254
55,098
59,894
68,359
72,535
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
800
850
900
950
1,000
1,050
1,100
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
US$ Rs
CAGR (In Rs) 10.69%

ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT – NSDP
NSDP of Kerala at current prices (US$ billion)
 At current prices, Kerala’s NSDP was about Rs 5.58 trillion
(US$ 83.24 billion) in 2016-17.
 NSDP of the state grew at a CAGR of 11.23 per cent between
2011-12 and 2016-17.
NSDP per capita of Kerala at current prices (US$)
 Kerala’s per capita NSDP was Rs 162,717.91 (US$ 2,425.37)
in 2016-17 compared to Rs 2,041.9 (US$ 2041.9) during 2011-
12.
 Per capita NSDP of the state grew a CAGR of 10.69 per cent
between 2011-12 and 2016-17.
Source: “Advanced Estimates” provided by Directorate of Economics and Statistics of Kerala,
68.41
68.21
68.97
75.33
76.98
83.24
3.28
3.71
4.17
4.61
5.04
5.58
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17US$ billion Rs trillion
CAGR (In Rs) 11.23%
2042
2026
2039
2216
2254
2425
97912
110314
123388
135537
147552
162718
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
1,00,000
1,20,000
1,40,000
1,60,000
1,80,000
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
US$ Rs
CAGR (In Rs) 10.69%

ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT – PERCENTAGE
DISTRIBUTION OF GSDP
 In 2016-17, the tertiary sector contributed 56.13 per cent to the
state’s GSDP at current prices, followed by the secondary sector
contributing 20.85 per cent.
 The tertiary sector grew at a CAGR of 12.38 per cent between 2011-
12 and 2016-17. Growth was driven by storage, transport, financial
and real estate segments.
 The secondary sector grew at an average rate of 6.94 per cent,
between 2011-12 and 2016-17. Growth was led by manufacturing,
construction, electricity, gas & water supply.
 The primary sector expanded at an average rate of 7.46 per cent
between 2011-12 and 2016-17, mainly supported by growth across
agriculture and mining & quarrying segments.
Visakhapatnam port traffic (million tonnes)GSDP composition by sector
14.04% 11.87%
25.26%
20.85%
53.08% 56.13%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2011-12 2016-17
Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary sector
7.46%
12.38%
6.94%
CAGR
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics of Kerala Economic Survey

ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT – EXPORTS
 The external trade in Kerala is mainly operational through the Cochin
Port.
 During 2017-18*, 34.90 MT of basmati rice was exported from the
state. Total value of the export was US$ 36.17 thousand. Total value
of non basmati rice exported during the same period was US$ 35.65
thousand
 Tea exports from the state during 2016-17 stood at Rs 409.81 crore
(US$ 61.08 million)
 Export of gold jewellery and other precious metals stood at Rs
6,350.86 crore (US$946.62 million)
Source: Office of the Development Commissioner, CSEZ - Cochin Special Economic Zone (1)2015-16, APEDA, Kerala Economic Review 2016
Sectors (US$ million)
Computer software 5.21
Electronic hardware 0.14
Engineering goods 2.04
Pharmaceuticals / Chemicals 4.58
Plastic, Rubber and Synthetic 1.64
Miscellaneous 86.83
Food and Agro products 293.17
Exports break-up, Cochin Special Economic Zone Port (2016-
17)
Note: * - Upto February 2018

ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT – FDI INFLOWS &
INVESTMENTS
 According to DIPP, during April 2000 to December 2017, FDI
inflows into the state (including Lakshadweep) reached US$ 1.93
billion.
 The state government has sanctioned investments of US$ 100
million, US$ 156 million & US$ 8.3 million for the Vizhinjam
International Seaport project, Kochi Metro Rail Project & for land
acquisition for Kozhikode & Thiruvananthapuram international
airports respectively.
 In January 2018, the Chief Minister of Kerala proposed a
chamber of commerce using which expatriate businessmen will
be able to invest funds into profitable and job-generating
mercantile ventures in Kerala.
 In 2018^, one investment intention under IEMs worth Rs 23 crore
(US$ 3.57 million) have been proposed in the state.
Visakhapatnam port traffic (million tonnes)FDI equity inflows, 2008-09 to 2016-17 (US$ million)
82
128
37
471
72 70
230
90
454
171
0
100
200
300
400
500
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18*
Note: * - April – December 2017, ^ - Up to March
Source: DIPP - Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, 1Including Lakshadweep, Government of Kerala,

KERALA
PHYSICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – ROADS
Source: Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd.; Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Government of Kerala, State budget 2018-19, NHAI, omms.nic.in
 Road development activities in the state are undertaken under three broad categories of roads and bridges, road transport and other transport
services.
 To improve efficiency of transportation to Kannur International Airport, the state government has decided to convert six roads into four-lane
highways. The preparation of a Detailed Project Report (DPR) is currently underway.
 As of June 2018, the state has 432 eligible habitation out of which 404 are cleared and 386 are further connected under PMGSY.
 In the Budget 2018-19, a new scheme is being formulated to renovate 155 dilapidated bridges and culverts within a period of 5 years. Another
mega scheme is the construction of 42 new rail over bridges beginning in 2018-19.
18.51
29.12
24.86
34.75
19.47
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18^
Expenditure on road works under PMGSY in Kerala
(US$ million)
Road type Road length (km)
National highways 1,782
State highways 4,341.65
Major district roads 27,470.45
Roads in Kerala
Note: PMGSY – Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – RAILWAYS
Source: Economic Review of Kerala, 2014-15, Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd, Government of Kerala, State Budget
Source: Maps of India
 Kerala is well connected to other parts of the country via railways.
The State Government has appointed Kerala State Industrial
Development Corporation Ltd (KSIDC) as the nodal agency for
developing a project to establish a north-south High-speed Rail
Corridor (HSRC) to facilitate smooth and speedy passenger
movement between various cities and towns in the state.
 Railway divisions in Thiruvananthapuram, Palakkad and Madurai
jointly carry out railway operations in Kerala.
 As per Budget 2018-19, approval for 42 new ROB has been
obtained from Railway Ministry. Construction will begin from 2018-
19.
 The government announced the launch of Kochi Metro Rail’s
commercial services of the 13-km Aluva-Palarivattom section of the
27-km Line-1. Over 600 women from the ‘Kudumbasree Mission’
have been employed & trained for smooth run of the 1st phase of
the metro.

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – AIRPORTS
Source: Airports Authority of India, Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd.
 Kerala has 3 airports handling domestic & international flights, located at Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi & Kozhikode.
 An international airport at Kannur is upcoming and is expected to be operational by September 2018. This airport will be the 4th to have a runway
of 4,000 metres. Kannur is airport at the final stage of completion and inauguration to be announced soon.
Ports 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 April 2018
Cochin 7,749,901 8,955,441 10,172,839 921,760
Thiruvananthapuram 3,470,788 3,881,509 4,393,469 930,310
Passenger handled at the airport
Ports 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 April 2018
Cochin 56,180 61,688 68,772 5,740
Thiruvananthapuram 26,001 29,117 33,738 2,790
Aircraft movement at the airport
Ports 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 April 2018
Cochin 79,233 81,485 76,274 6,013
Thiruvananthapuram 35,570 28,450 28,715 2,325
Freight handled at the airport (MT)

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – PORTS
 Kerala has 18 ports, of which, Cochin is the major one. Furthermore,
there are three intermediate and 14 minor ports.
 The development activities of the port are taken care of by the
Department of Ports, Harbour Engineering Department and Harbour
Engineering Department.
 The cargo traffic handled by Cochin port was 5.12 million tonnes
during 2018 – 19*
Source: Cochin Port Trust, News articles, Economic Survey 2014-15, India Port Association
Cochin port trafic (million tonnes)
15.80
15.20
17.40
17.90
20.10
19.80
20.90
21.60
22.09
25.00
29.14
5.12
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
2018-19*
Note: * - Up to May 2018
Major ports Cochin
Intermediate ports
Neendakara
Alappuzha
Kozhikode
Minor ports
Vizhinjam
Valiyathura
Vadakara
Ponnani
Thankasserry
Kayamkulam
Manakkodam
Munambam
Beypore
Thalasserry
Manjeswaram
Neeleswaram
Kannur
Azhikkal
Kasaragode
Existing PortsTraffic handled at Cochin Port

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – POWER
 Kerala is among the prominent Indian states to have achieved 100
per cent rural electrification.
 As of April 2018, the state had a total installed power generation
capacity of 5,074.72 MW, of which 2,192.48 MW was accounted for
by state utilities, 1,914.80 MW by central utilities and 967.44 MW
under private sector.
 Thermal power contributed 2,451.76 MW to total installed power
generation capacity. Hydropower (1,881.50 MW), nuclear power
(362.00 MW), and renewable power (379.46 MW) are the other main
energy sources.
 Kerala’s state utilities, which account for 41.96 per cent of overall
capacity, generate 85.82 per cent of the energy through
hydroelectric power plants, 7.30 per cent through thermal and 6.89
per cent renewable power generation plants.
Installed power capacity (MW)
3,514.00
3,553.70
3,718.80
3,827.70
3,856.40
3,892.00
4,106.00
4,172.00
4,998.94
5,074.72
5,074.72
0.0
1,000.0
2,000.0
3,000.0
4,000.0
5,000.0
6,000.0
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
2018-19*
Source: State Budget 2016-17, Central Electricity Authority

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – TELECOM
 As of March 2018, Kerala had an overall tele-density of 121.61 per cent as against an all-India average of 90.61 per cent.
 According to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), as of March 2018, Kerala had 42 million wireless subscribers and 1.97 million
wire-line subscribers.
 By the end of March 2018, 9,065,245 subscribers had submitted requests for mobile number portability in Kerala.
Source: Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, 2As of March 2016, Ministry Of Communications And Information Technology, GP - Gram Panchayat
Wireless subscribers 42,003,227
Wire-line subscribers 1,970,644
Internet subscribers^ 18,930,000
Post offices 5,067(2)
Tele density (in%) 121.61
No. of GPs in Phase-I 977
Cables laid (km) 830
GPs for which cable laid 1,129
No. of GPs Lit 1,129
Telecom Infrastructure (As of February 2018)Performance status of Bharat Net Project
(As of April 2018)
Note: ^ - data upto December 2017

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE – URBAN
DEVELOPMENT
 The Kerala urban area comprises of five Municipal Corporations and 60 Municipalities. The Kerala Sustainable Urban Development Project
(KSUDP) is an Asian Development Bank-assisted project covering the five municipalities of Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Kozhikode, Kollam and
Thrissur. The project focuses on urban infrastructure improvement, community upgrading, local government infrastructure development and
capacity building, and implementation assistance.
 Major infrastructure projects such as Kannur Air Port, GAIL Pipeline, Kochi-Edamon Electric line and Bypasses at Kollam and Alappuzha will be
inaugurated in 2018-19.
 As of June 2017, Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram are proposed to be developed as smart cities in Kerala. The Kochi smart city would be spread
over an area of 246 acres.
 Along with smart cities, 9 cities of Kerala have also been selected for infrastructure development under the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and
Urban Transformation (AMRUT) scheme. As of April 2018, Rs 2,359.38 crore (US$ 366.08 million) has been allocated to Kerala under the
scheme.
Source: JNNURM, Ministry of Urban Development, State Budget 2016-17, 2017-18, Business Standard
Projects & Programmes
Cumulative expenditure (US$
million)*
Urban Transport Improvement 22.15
Solid Waste Management Project 4.23
Water Supply 14.50
Sewage and Sanitation 21.97
Community Development Fund 11.12
Note*- as on August 31 2017
Cities Area (sq. km)
Kochi 94.88
Kollam 58.18
Kozhikode 128
Thiruvananthapuram 2,192
Thrissur 101.4
Alappuzha 1,414
Palakkad 1,363
Guruvayur 29.66
Kannur 2,961
List of cities in Kerala covered under AMRUT

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE – EDUCATION
 Kerala has the highest literacy rate among all states in the country.
As of 2016, the state has a literacy rate of 94.57 per cent; male &
female literacy rates stood at 96.61 per cent & 92.52 per cent,
respectively.
 Kerala has 3,021 higher secondary schools as of 2016. Of these,
1,162 (38.46 per cent) were government schools, 1,406 (46.54 per
cent) aided schools & the remaining 453 (15 per cent) unaided
schools.
 As per budget 2018-19, 45,000 hi-tech class rooms and IT labs will
be established in 4,775 schools. The digitalisation will be completed
in 3 phases with 20,000 class rooms being completed before the end
of February, 10,000 class rooms in March and remaining 15,000
class rooms in the months of April – May.
 In Budget 2018-19 US$ 5.10 million is allocated for ‘Kerala
Infrastructure and Technology for Education’ which is heading the
digitalisation programme.
Source: State Budget 2017-18, (1) 2016-17, Converted 1USD=64.74Rs, Economic Review of Kerala, Economic Survey 2016-17
Schools 12,981
Universities 14
Engineering institutions 183
Arts and science colleges 213
Polytechnics 51
Sub sectors Budget 2018-19 (US$ million)
School education 149.83
Higher education 121.87
Technical education 38.31
Total 3,170.82
Educational infrastructure (2016)
Nature of schools
(2016-17P)
Student strength
(in million)
Share of total
student strength
(%)
Government 1.12 30.42
Government-aided 2.15 58.27
Unaided 0.41 11.30
Total 3.70 100.0
P: Provisional

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE – HEALTH
 The departments that offer health services in the state & are responsible for development activities are namely, Health Services Department,
Medical Education Department, Ayurveda Department (ISM), Ayurveda Medical Education Department, Homoeopathy Department &
Homoeopathy Medical Education Department.
 As per budget 2018-19, an amount of Rs 837 crore (US$ 129.87 million) has been allocated for National Health Mission . State share for the
said mission is Rs 335 crore (US$ 51.98 million).
Note: (1)Per thousand persons, (2)Per thousand live births
Birth rate
(1)
14.3
Death rate
(1)
7.6
Infant mortality rate
(2)
10
Primary health centres 955
Sub-centres 5,855
Community health centres 233
District hospitals 58
Sub – District Hospitals 371
Source: Economic Review of Kerala, 2017, State Budget 2016-17, 2017-18, NHRM, Sample Registration System (SRS)
Health indicators (2017)
Male 71.4
Female 76.3
Life expectancy at birth (years) (2014-15)
Health infrastructure (as of June 2018)

KERALA
INDUSTRIAL
INFRASTRUCTURE

INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE … (1/2)
Infrastructure Project description
Technopark
 The Technopark at Thiruvananthapuram is spread over 760 acres.
 It currently hosts over 300 IT and ITeS companies, employing over 46,000 IT professionals.
 Technopark Phase-II has been declared an SEZ by the Government of India.
 The technology park is spread across 7.2 million sq. ft. built-up space (completed) and 3.5 million sq. ft. (work-in-
progress)
 As a part of the Phase-IV, named Technocity, Technopark is developing 431 acres of land in Pallippuram, 5 km
north of the main campus on the National Highway-47 to Kollam.
Infopark
 The Infopark at Kochi is best suited for ITeS due to its proximity to the submarine optical-cable landings.
 The total land available with Infopark is 98.25 acres, of which 75 acres has been notified as an SEZ by the Ministry
of Commerce, Government of India.
Special Economic Zones
 Apart from the SEZs in Technopark and Infopark, the other SEZs in Kerala include the KINFRA Electronics Park
SEZ in Kalamassery; a multi-product SEZ at Kochi; two port-based SEZs at Vallarpadam and Puthuvypeen at
Kochi; a food processing SEZ near Calicut; a pulp and paper SEZ at Kottayam; and a non-conventional energy
sources SEZ at Kalamassery.
Source: http://www.technopark.org/ , sezindia.nic.in

INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE – INDUSTRIAL
CLUSTERS … (2/2)
District Industries
Kannur Handlooms, power looms, beedi
Alappuzha Coir products
Idukki Agriculture and forest based
Thiruvananthapuram Handlooms, IT
Thrissur Power looms, handlooms, textile, timber, tile, canning
Palakkad Power looms, sericulture
Kollam Minerals and mining
Kozhikode Rubber
Wayanad Minerals and mining
Kasargod Minerals and mining
Kottayam Rubber, food products, engineering
Ernakulam IT

SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES (SEZ) … (1/3)
Source: Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India,
Sutherland Global Services
Infopark
Cochin Port Trust, Puthuvypeen
Cochin Port Trust, Vallapadom
KINFRA, Kochi
Unitech Real Estate
Parsavnath Developers
Smart City Infrastructure
Carborundum Universal Limited
MM Tech Towers, Alwaye
Emmar MGF, Alwaye
Electronics
Technology Park
KINFRA
Techno Park SEZ - I
Technopark
Pallipuram
Techno Park SEZ - II
KINFRA, Kakkancherry
KSITI, Pallipuram
KSITI, Purakkad
 Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (KINFRA)
KSITI, Kasargod
Kerala State
Information
Technology
Infrastructure Limited
(KSITI), Kannur
Hindustan News Print
Limited
KSITI, Kollam

Source: Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Department of Commerce, SEZ: Special Economic Zone
Name/Developer Location Primary industry
Cochin SEZ Cochin Multi-product
Cochin Port Trust Vallapadom Port-based
Cochin Port Trust Puthuvypeen Port-based
Infopark Kakkanad IT/ITeS
Electronics Technology Parks - Kerala Attipura IT/ITeS
KINFRA Ayiroopara Animation & Gaming
KINFRA Chelembra Agro-based food processing
Electronics Technology Parks- Kerala Thiruvanthapuram IT/ITeS
KINFRA Thrikkakara Electronics industries
Kerala State Information Technology Infrastructure Limited Pallipuram IT/ITeS
Electronics Technology Parks Kerala (Technopark) Attipura IT/ITeS
Kerala State Information Technology Infrastructure Limited Mulavana IT/ITeS
Carborundum Universal Ltd. Thrikkakara North Solar Photovoltaic
Sutherland Global Services Private Limited Thrikkakara North IT/ITeS
Kerala State Information Technology Infrastructure Limited (KSITIL) Pantheerankavu and Nellikode IT/ITeS
Infoparks Kerala Puthencruz and Kunnathunadu IT/ITeS
Smart City (Kochi) Infrastructure Limited Kakkanad IT/ITeS
Kerala State IT Infrastructure Ltd. (KSITIL) Thrissur IT/ITeS
Uralungal Labour Contract Cooperative Society Limited (ULCCS LTD) Kozhikode IT/ITeS

Some of formally approved SEZs in Kerala
Source: Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Department of Commerce, SEZ: Special Economic Zone
Name/Developer Location Primary industry
Cochin Port Trust Vallarpadam Port-based
Cochin Port Trust Puthuvypeen, Ernakulam Port-based
KINFRA
Kazhakoottam,
Thiruvananthapuram
Electronics Industries
Smart City (Kochi) Infrastructure Pvt Ltd Kakkanad, Ernakulam IT/ITeS
Kerala State Information Technology Infrastructure Ltd (KSITIL)
Pantheerankavu
and Nellikode, Kozhikode
IT/ITeS
Infoparks, Kerala Kunnathunad, Ernakulam IT/ITeS
Cochin International Airport Ltd Ernakulam Airport-based
 Under SEZ Act, 2005, Kerala has 29 formally approved SEZs, 25 notified SEZs and 19 exporting SEZs.

KERALA
KEY SECTORS
 Agriculture and Allied Sectors
 Coir and Coir Products
 IT and Electronics
 Tourism
 Fishery

KEY SECTORS – AGRICULTURAL AND ALLIED
SECTORS
 Kerala is one of the leading pepper and rubber producers in the
country. Kerala is the leader in rubber production in the country.
State accounted for about 65.94 per cent share in the total natural
rubber production in 2016-17. Rubber production in Kerala stood at
540.4 thousand MT during 2016-17. The production of natural
rubber in Kerala was 455 thousand MT in 2016-17.
 Kerala can be termed as the land of spices, considering the large
variety of spices grown in the state. Kerala is the largest producer
of pepper in India and accounts for a lion’s share in India’s
production. Apart from pepper, other spices produced in the state
include ginger, cardamom, nutmeg, tamarind, etc.
 As per the Budget 2018-19, government has allocated funds worth
US$ 1.70 million for cultivation of pepper in the state.
 During 2017-18, tea production Kerala stood at 63.88 million KG.
As of April 2018, tea exports from the state were 14.5 thousand
tonnes.
Source: Department of Economics and Statistics, Kerala, Department of Agriculture Cooperation And Farmers Welfare
Crop Annual production – 2017-18 (‘000 MT)
Spice* 143.53
Total food
grains^
450.3
Fruits* 2,493.90 Rice** 418.7
Plantation* 5,343.40 Pulses** 1.0
Mango (P) 397.82 Nutmeg^ 14.19
Grapes^ 15.50 Vegetables* 2,010.78
Pepper^ 30.47 Cocoa^ 7.15
Note: * - 1st Advance Estimates, * *- 2nd Advance Estimates, ^ - production 2016-17, P – Provisional

KEY SECTORS – COIR AND COIR PRODUCTS
 Kerala accounts for 85 per cent of total coir production in India and
its coir industry provides employment to around 375,000 people. The
Coir Co-operative Marketing Federation (COIRFED) is the apex
federation of 842 primary coir co-operatives societies. As of March
2017, there are 1,002 coir co-operative societies in Kerala.
 As part of the second restructuring scheme the coir cooperative
societies taken up for revival will be provided with working capital
and managerial subsidy. Under state budget 2018-19, US$ 32.59
million is allocated for the coir sector.
 Coir pith and coir fibre are the major contributors in export of coir
products with over 80 per cent share. China is the major customer for
India’s coir products with 28.6 per cent share in value and 39 per
cent share in volume.
Source: Economic Review of Kerala, 2014-15, Government of Kerala, Coir Board, News articles, State Budget 2017-18
Exports of Coir and Coir products
Year Export (US$ million)
2014-15 102.98
2015-16 63.90
2016-17 40.58

KEY SECTORS – IT AND ELECTRONICS … (1/2)
Source: Kerala IT Policy 2012, Economic Review of Kerala 2014-15, State Annual Plan, sezindia.nic.in, State budget 2017-18, Business Standard
 Kochi has emerged as a unique IT destination and is connected by two
submarine cables and satellite gateways that directly support major IT
cities, including Bengaluru. Kerala possesses a cost-effective and
highly skilled human resource base with the lowest attrition rate (less
than 5 per cent). Around 11 per cent of the national IT pool is
contributed by skilled human resources from Kerala. The state also has
ample availability of skilled and semi-skilled workers for the electronics
industry.
 Operational costs in the state are among the lowest in India (40 per
cent lower as compared to other major IT locations in India). Also,
rental/real estate costs are lower than major IT cities in the country.
 The state has a techno park in Thiruvananthapuram which has been
instrumental in attracting global electronics manufacturers, an info park
in Kochi, and a cyber park in Kozhikode As per ASSOCHAM, Kerala
ranked 3rd in attracting the highest total investments in IT sector worth
US$0.33 millon among all Indian states. Kerala also has a strong e-
governance infrastructure and is a leading state in e-governance.
 The electronic hub proposed at Kochi is a prestigious project of the
Government of Kerala to promote electronic hardware manufacturing
and assembling units and R&D centres, and to support infrastructure
for the same.
Export and investment from IT/ITES CSEZs (US$
million)
2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
Exports 657.84 696.70 1,085.46
Investment 232.24 232.24 262.27

Collabera is a fast-growing, end-to-end information technology services and solutions provider, working with leading
global 2,000 organisations from banking & financial services, communications, media, manufacturing, retail, energy
and utilities domains. The company employs over 9,000 professionals across more than 25 offices and four world-
class delivery centres in the US, the UK, India, Singapore and Philippines. The company has an office at Technopark,
Thiruvananthapuram.
Collabera
Traco Cable Company Limited commenced operations in 1964. It manufactures high-quality cables and wires in
technical collaboration with Kelesey Engineering Co Ltd, Canada. TRACO currently meets the needs of public sector
undertakings in India such as railways and the electricity boards of various states. The company is headquartered in
Kochi and has factories in Ernakulam, Kannur and Thiruvalla.Traco Cable Co Ltd
TELK was incorporated in 1963 under an agreement with the Government of Kerala, Kerala State Industrial
Development Corporation, and Hitachi Limited, Japan. It manufactures transformers, bushings and tap changing
gears. The factory and corporate office are located in Angamally, near Kochi.
TELK provided its first 400 KV Class Transformer, 315 MVA Auto Transformer and Generator Transformer to India's
first 500 MW Thermal Unit.
Transformers and
Electricals Kerala Ltd
(TELK)
Founded in 1973, Keltron is a state-owned electronics enterprise, employing around 1,800 people and has 10
manufacturing centres. It provides technical manpower to leading organisations such as Oil and Natural Gas
Corporation Limited (ONGC). The company’s products span categories including aerospace electronics, security and
surveillance systems, intelligent transportation systems, strategic electronics products, IT solutions, IT infrastructure
solutions, process automation, ID card projects, power electronics, electronic components and TE units.
Keltron is headquartered in Thiruvananthapuram and has training centres in 30 locations across Kerala with a strong
infrastructure spread over 700,000 sq ft of built up area.
Kerala State Electronics
Development Corp
(Keltron)
Source: Company website and annual report
KEY SECTORS – IT AND ELECTRONICS … (2/2)

KEY SECTORS – TOURISM
 Popular tourist destinations in Kerala include beaches of Kovalam, Varkala, Marari, Bekal and Kannur; backwaters of Kumarakom, Alappuzha,
Kollam, Kochi and Kozhikode; and hill stations of Ponmudi, Munnar, Wayanad and Wagamon. Kerala has a number of well-known wildlife
reserves, including the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, the Eravikulam National Park, the Thattekkad Bird Sanctuary and the Parambikulam Wildlife
Sanctuary. The State Tourism Department is developing eco-friendly, rural tourism packages in Kumarakom, Wayanad, Kovalam and Muziris
heritage circuit.
 Under state budget 2018-19, US$ 6.18 million is allocated for various tourism institutions and Muziris Heritage Project and the Thalassery,
Alappuzha spice route are being implemented.
 Under the State Budget 2018-19, US$ 12.67 million is allocated for Tourism marketing and US$ 4.05 million for Kerala Tourism Development
Corporation, Kerala Tourism Infrastructure Ltd, Bekal Resort Development Corporation, District Tourism Promotion Councils etc.
Source: Economic Review of Kerala, 2014-15, 2016-17, State Budget 2016-17, 2017-18
Domestic tourist arrivals in Kerala (in million)
9.4
10.1
10.9
11.7
12.5
13.2
14.7
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Foreign tourist arrivals in Kerala (in million)
0.73
0.79
0.86
0.92
0.98
1.04
1.09
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

KEY SECTORS – FISHERY
 The state has a long coastline of over 580 km & innumerable water
bodies, generating a huge potential for inland & marine fishing &
providing it a prominent position in fish cultivation. Kochi &
Neendakara are the two major fishing harbours for mechanized
sector and the Thankasserry fishing harbour is the only one for the
traditional sector.
 The state government has allocated US$ 92.68 million for fisheries
sector and coastal area development under annual budget 2018-19.
 The budget includes schemes such as conservation & management
of fish resources, motorisation of traditional fishing crafts & insurance
coverage to fishing implements, integrated fisheries development,
inland fish production, fishing harbours, modernisation of fish
markets & value addition, etc.
 In April 2018, Fish Farmers Development Agency for Aquaculture
Development in Kerala will be implementing umbrella project
‘Development of Inland Fisheries’ worth Rs 69.90 core (US$ 1.08
million) launched by Fisheries Department .
Total fish production in Kerala (in million tonnes)
0.678
0.677
0.686
0.687
0.681
0.693
0.68
0.708
0.632
0.730
0.66
0.58
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17(P)
Source: Economic Review of Kerala, 2015-16, 2016, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Annual Budget 2016-17, 2017-18
Note: P - Provisional

KERALA
KEY PROCEDURES &
POLICIES

SINGLE-WINDOW APPROVAL MECHANISM
 A Single-Window Clearance Mechanism (SWM) was established in
June 2000, with an aim to expedite clearances for new industrial
projects.
 A state-level board, headed by the Chief Secretary, issues
clearances within a time frame of 45 days to medium and large scale
industries.
 KSIDC is the single point of contact and convenor of the state board.
 District-level boards have been constituted for issuing clearances
required by small scale industries.
 The District Collector of each district is the Chairman and General
Manager of the Board; the District Industries Centre (DIC) is the
convenor for such boards. The stipulated time frame for clearances
is 60 days.
 Industrial Area Boards have been set up in various industrial areas of
the state for the clearance of projects. An officer, not below the rank
of District Collector, is Chairman of each Board, with the Designated
Authority of the Industrial Area as Convenor. The stipulated time
frame for obtaining the clearances is 30 days.
State Board Chief
Secretary
District Boards District
Collector
Industrial Area
Board
An officer not
below the rank
of District
Collector
SWM structure in Kerala
Source: KSIDC

KEY INVESTMENT PROMOTION OFFICES … (1/2)
Agency Description
Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development
Corporation
(KINFRA)
 The aim of the organisation is to speed up industrial growth in Kerala through infrastructure
support.
 It operates industrial parks in various sectors.
 It has three newly operational parks: Kera Park (in Thrissur), Spices Park (Idukki) and Rubber
Park (Pathanamthitta).
 KINFRA’s four upcoming projects include a marine park in Beypore, a technology park in
Ramanattukara, a food park at Wayanad and an industrial park in Palakkad.
KITCO Limited
(formerly, Kerala Industrial and Technical
Consultancy Organisation Limited)
 The organisation is involved in providing technical consultancy assistance to banks by
appraisal of projects for priority sector lending and to entrepreneurs in the Small & Medium
Enterprises (SMEs) sector by way of preparation of project reports and market studies and by
conducting training programmes for entrepreneurship development.
Directorate of Industries and Commerce
 It is the implementing agency for the Department of Industries, Government of Kerala.
 It provides infrastructure facilities for the small scale sector by acquiring land and developing
facilities such as roads, water supply, electricity and civil works.

KEY INVESTMENT PROMOTION OFFICES … (2/2)
Agency Description
Small Industries Development Corporation
 It provides infrastructure facilities to the small-scale sector through its major and mini industrial
estates.
 It owns and operates production units, raw materials depots, industrial estates/mini industrial
estates, marketing cell/emporia/centres, civil construction division, IT&TC division, export &
import/project division and industrial parks.
Kerala State Industrial Development
Corporation (KSIDC): the single-window
clearance and monitoring agency
 Purpose:
 Formed in 1961 with an objective of promoting, stimulating, financing and facilitating the
development of large- and medium-scale industries in Kerala.
 Acts as a promotional agency, involved in catalysing the development of physical and social
infrastructure required for the constant growth of industry.
 Composition:
 Consists of a group of professionals from various fields including engineering, management,
finance and law.
 Services offered include project lending, single-window clearance, equipment purchase loans
and consultancies.

CONTACT LIST … (1/2)
Agency Contact information
Directorate of Industries and Commerce
Vikas Bhavan P O Thiruvananthapuram
Kerala-695 033
Phone: 91-471-2302 774
Fax: 91-471-2305 493
E-mail: tvm_dindust@sancharnet.in
Kerala State Industrial Development
Corporation Limited
(KSIDC)
T C XI/266, Keston Road, Kowdiar,
Thiruvananthapuram-695 003
Phone: 91-471-2318 922
Fax: 91-471-2315 893
E-mail: ksidc@vsnl.com
KITCO Limited
P B No 4407, Puthiya Road,
NH Bypass, Vennala, Cochin-682 028
Phone: 91-484 -4129 000 / 2805 033
Fax: 91-484 -2805 066
E-mail: mail@kitco.in
Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development
Corporation (KINFRA)
KINFRA HOUSE, TC 31/2312
Sasthamangalam, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 010
Phone: +91-471-2726 585
Fax: +91-471-2724 773
E-mail: kinfra@vsnl.com
Kerala Small Industries Development
Corporation
Housing Board Building, 6th floor, Santhi Nagar, P B No 50
Thiruvananthapuram- 695 001
Phone: 91-471-2330 401, 2330 413, 2330 818,
Fax: 91-471- 2330 904
E-mail: sidcoho@yahoo.com

KEY APPROVALS REQUIRED … (1/2)
Approvals and clearances required Department Estimated time
Incorporation of the company Registrar of Companies
Single window clearance:
The state’s single-window facility clears
investment proposals in 45 to 60 days on an
average; the single-window mechanism helps
obtain all approvals necessary for the
investment proposals within the specified time
frame.
Registration, Industrial Entrepreneurs
Memorandum, Industrial Licences
District Industries Centre for small scale
industries and KSIDC for large and medium
industries
Allotment of land State Department of Industries/KSIDC/KINFRA
Permission for land use
State Department of Industries,
Kerala Town and Country Planning Department
Environment approval for the site
Kerala State Pollution Control Board and Central
Ministry of Environment and Forests
No-objection certificate and consent under
Water and Pollution Control Act
Kerala State Pollution Control Board
Approval of construction activity and building
plan
Kerala Town and Country Planning Department
Sanction of power Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB)
Registration under State’s Sales Tax Act and
Central and State Excise Act
Sales Tax Department, Central and State Excise
Departments

KEY APPROVALS REQUIRED … (2/2)
Approvals and clearances required Time to Complete (Days)
Approval for director identification number (DIN) from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs portal (National)-Online 1
Approval of digital signature certificate from private agency authorized by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs
(National)
3
Approval for reserve a company name with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) (National)-online 2
Stamp the company documents at the State Treasury (State) 5
Obtain a Permanent Account Number (PAN) from an authorised franchise or agent appointed by the National
Securities Depository Ltd (NSDL) or the Unit Trust of India (UTI) Investors Services Ltd, as
outsourced by the Income Tax Department (National)
15
Obtain a Tax Account Number (TAN) for income taxes deducted at the source from an authorized franchise or
agent appointed
14
Register with the Office of Inspector, Shops and Establishment Act (State/ Municipal) 14
Register for Value-Added Tax (VAT) at the Commercial Tax Office (State) 25
Register for Profession Tax at the Profession Tax Office (State) 9
Source: Kerala Economic Review 2014-15, World Bank Group

COST OF DOING BUSINESS IN KERALA
Cost parameter Cost estimate Source
Industrial land (per sq m) US$ 33–190 (Cochin) Industry sources
Five-star hotel US$ 120–300 per room per night Leading hotels in the state
Office space rent (per sq ft) US$ 0.6–3 per month Industry sources
Residential space rent (2,000 sq ft house) US$ 350–750 per month Industry sources
Fixed Power Tariff (per kWh)
Domestic: 1.1 to 3.3 cents (US)
Commercial: 3.3 to 13 cents (US)
Industrial: 5.5-6.9 cents (US)
Kerala State Electricity Regulatory Commission, as of
March 2015
Labour (minimum wages per day) US$ 6.8–15 Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India
Water (1,000 litres)
Commercial and industrial: US 22
cents to US 55 cents
Kerala Water Authority
Source: Kerala Government websites and Industry sources, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India, Kerala Electricity Regulatory Commission, Kerala Water Authority

STATE ACTS & POLICIES … (1/5)
Objectives
Kerala Sports Policy
2015
 To ensure the development of athletes as leaders and role models in sports and society.
 Sports related sectors to incorporate sports intentionally to achieve social development.
 To ensure that sports events are designed to benefit the host community and local economics. Read more
Kerala Industrial &
Commercial Policy
Amended 2015
 To promote Kerala as a prime destination for industrial investments with environmental protection.
 Revamp Kerala into an entrepreneurial state by encouraging private investment in all sectors, particularly agro
processing, services and commerce, and new emerging sectors.
Read more
Kerala Agricultural
Development Policy
2015
 The farm lands are to be protected and should not be put for any other use than farming activities
 The agriculturally potential land is to be identified and demarcated using modern technologies such as remote
sensing, satellite imagery, etc., and a database is to be made.
Read more
 Target installed capacity of 2,500 MW by 2030.
 Set up floating and off-shore generation units.
 Make use of solar energy compulsory for industries; incentive to be provided for solar power
Kerala Solar Energy
Policy 2013
Read more
 Purpose of this policy is to inaugurate minimum ten technology business incubators for different sectors of the
state.
 Government also aims to attract foreign investments.
Read more
Kerala Technology
Startup Policy 2014

Objectives
Kerala Tourism Policy
2012
 To create an environment for investment.
 To market Kerala as a visible global brand in domestic and international markets.
 To ensure quality visitor experience.
Kerala Small Hydro
Power Policy 2012
 To harness green and clean natural resources in the state for environmental benefits and energy security.
Kerala IT Policy 2012  To plan, develop and market the state as the most preferred IT/ITeS investment/business destination in India.
 To make Kerala’s economy more export-oriented by granting various exemptions and concessions.SEZ Policy 2008
 To offer affordable and adequate housing for the state’s citizens
 To meet the housing needs of the landless tribal, fishermen, traditionally employed and poor citizens of the state
Kerala State Housing
Policy- 2011
Read more
Read more
Read more
Read more
Read more

Objectives
The Micro, Small And
Medium Enterprises
Development Act, 2006
 The purpose of this policy is the promotion and development of micro, small and medium enterprises. The policy is
also enhancing the competitiveness between micro,
 Small and medium enterprises.
Kerala Biotechnology
Policy 2003
 The policy focuses on catalysing the development and application of biotechnology while taking advantage of the
state’s resources and keeping global requirements in perspective.
Kerala State Training
Policy
 To strengthen governance in the state by building capacity amongst various categories of civil servants
 To impart training to every state civil servant once in every five years
 Purpose of the policy is to legalize the production, transportation and consumption value of liquor in the state. The
policy also covers transparent licensing system for intoxicating products.
Kerala liquor policy
Read more
Read more
Read more
Read more

ANNEXURE…(1/2) - SOURCES
Data Sources
GSDP (state) “Advanced Estimates” provided by Directorate of Economics and Statistics of Kerala
Per capita GSDP figures “Advanced Estimates” provided by Directorate of Economics and Statistics of Kerala
GSDP (India) “Advanced Estimates” provided by Directorate of Economics and Statistics of Kerala
Installed power capacity (MW) Central Electricity Authority, as of April 2018
Wireless subscribers (No) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, as of March 2018
Internet subscribers (Mn) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, as of December 2017
National highway length (km) NHAI & Roads and Building Department
Major and Minor Ports (No) India Ports Association
Airports (No) Airports Authority of India
Literacy rate (%) Census, 2011
Birth rate (per 1,000 population) SRS Bulletin September 2017
Cumulative FDI equity inflows (US$ billion) Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, From April 2000 to December 2017
Operational PPP projects (No) DEA, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, April 2018
Notified SEZs (No) SEZ India, as of December 2017

EXCHANGE RATES
Exchange Rates (Fiscal Year) Exchange Rates (Calendar Year)
Year INR INR Equivalent of one US$
2004–05 44.95
2005–06 44.28
2006–07 45.29
2007–08 40.24
2008–09 45.91
2009–10 47.42
2010–11 45.58
2011–12 47.95
2012–13 54.45
2013–14 60.50
2014-15 61.15
2015-16 65.46
2016-17 67.09
2017-18 64.45
Year INR Equivalent of one US$
2005 44.11
2006 45.33
2007 41.29
2008 43.42
2009 48.35
2010 45.74
2011 46.67
2012 53.49
2013 58.63
2014 61.03
2015 64.15
2016 67.21
2017 65.12
Source: Reserve bank of India, Average for the year

DISCLAIMER
India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF) engaged Aranca to prepare this presentation and the same has been prepared by Aranca in consultation with
IBEF.
All rights reserved. All copyright in this presentation and related works is solely and exclusively owned by IBEF. The same may not be reproduced,
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incidentally to some other use of this presentation), modified or in any manner communicated to any third party except with the written approval of
IBEF.
This presentation is for information purposes only. While due care has been taken during the compilation of this presentation to ensure that the
information is accurate to the best of Aranca and IBEF’s knowledge and belief, the content is not to be construed in any manner whatsoever as a
substitute for professional advice.
Aranca and IBEF neither recommend nor endorse any specific products or services that may have been mentioned in this presentation and nor do
they assume any liability or responsibility for the outcome of decisions taken as a result of any reliance placed on this presentation.
Neither Aranca nor IBEF shall be liable for any direct or indirect damages that may arise due to any act or omission on the part of the user due to any
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Kerala State Report May 2018

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Kerala State Report May 2018