A Research Paper On Schizophrenia

A Research Paper on Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Introduction
Schizophrenia is a severe, disabling and chronic disorder that affects people. Schizophrenia is diagnosed as a psychotic disorder. This is because a
person suffering from schizophrenia cannot tell their own thoughts, perceptions, ideas, and imaginations from the reality. There is continuing debate
and research as to whether schizophrenia is one condition or a combination of more than one syndrome that have related features. People suffering
from schizophrenia may seem perfectly fine until the time they talk actually talk about they are thinking. People with schizophrenia rely on others for
help since they cannot care for themselves of hold a job. There is no cure for schizophrenia, but there is treatment that relieves some of the symptoms.
People having the disorder will cope with the symptoms all their lives. There have been cases of people suffering from schizophrenia leading
meaningful and rewarding lives. There are five types of schizophrenia namely paranoid, disorganized, residual, undifferentiated, and catatonic
schizophrenia. This paper will discuss paranoid schizophrenia.
Paranoid schizophrenia
According to Garber, Gross, and Slonim (2010) paranoid schizophrenia is mainly characterized by auditory hallucinations and delusions. The delusions
people experience are mainly about been someone famous, been persecuted unfairly, or conspiracy theories. People suffering from paranoid
schizophrenia will have normal intellectual functioning, which
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Essay on Treating Schizophrenia
Introduction
Approximately 22% of the American population suffers from some kind of mental disorder at any given time. (Passer and Smith, 2004) Schizophrenia
is one of the most serious of these mental disorders, and there are many different kinds of treatment. While all mental disorders offer diagnosis and
treatment challenges, few are more challenging than schizophrenia. It is both bizarre and puzzling, and has been described as "one of the most
challenging disorders to treat effectively." (Passer and Smith, 2004, 534)
Schizophrenia is not yet fully understood, but it is known that it is characterized by extreme disturbances in many vital areas, including behavior,
emotions, speech, perception and thinking. The term schizophrenia means...show more content...
There are four kinds of schizophrenia, including paranoid schizophrenia, disorganized schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, and undifferentiated
schizophrenia. Causes are not clear, and biological, psychological and environment factors are being investigated. It is certain that there is a genetic
component. (Passer and Smith, 2004)
Clearly, this is a very serious disorder, which is often utterly incapacitating. Therefore, individuals urgently require efficacious treatment, both for
survival and for quality of life, and many different kinds of treatment and therapy are used. This paper will examine the use of two of these, cognitive
behavioral therapy and drug therapy, and evaluate which one is better. It will take the position that drug therapy is a more effective therapy for treating
schizophrenia than is cognitive behavioral therapy.
Justification of Position
Treatment of schizophrenia may vary according to what clinicians believe to be its causes. For example, some believe (and this is backed by
evidence) that the condition is caused by over activity of the dopamine system, so that the person experiences too much stimulation. Dopamine is a
neurotransmitter, so that in effect too much activity is occurring in the brain. Clinicians who believe this is the case are likely to use drug therapies to
correct this over activity, and will use antipsychotic drugs.

Schizophrenia Essay
This essay focuses on the diagnosis of schizophrenia, a major mental illness with much stigma and misinformation associated with it. World Health
Organisation (WHO, 2012) epidemiological evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a mental illness affecting 24 million people worldwide. This essay
will define schizophrenia and its characteristic signs and symptoms in relation to cognition, mood, behaviour and psychosocial functioning. The criteria
enabling a diagnosis of schizophrenia are explored, as well as contemporary nursing care and pharmacological treatments. The positive and negative
signs and symptoms of schizophrenia will be discussed and the treatment and care requirements outlined by the NSW Mental Health Act (2007) are also
...show more content...
2011). Varcarolis et al. 2006 describe positive symptoms of schizophrenia as 'florid psychotic symptoms' 'as they capture attention'. Cognitive deficits
lay primarily within the domains of memory and language affecting mood and behaviour (Elder et al. 2009). Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
include delusions, hallucinations and sever thought process disturbances and have an acute onset (Elder et al. 2009).Varcarolis, Carson and Shoemaker
(2006) state that a patient experiencing a delusion is convinced that what they perceive is real and consequently the patients thinking often reflects
feelings of great fear, isolation and trust issues. Additionally Elder et al. (2009) state that cognitive deficits are considered psychotic symptoms and that
behaviours, perceptions and beliefs shown in a person having an exacerbation of schizophrenia are not consistent with normal human experience.
Negative symptoms involve a decrease in, or loss of normal functions including loss of motivation, an inability to feel emotionally as well as a
reduction in the quantity and quality of speech (SFNSW n.d.). Elder et al. (2009) state that negative symptoms to be; anhedonia (loss of the
experience of pleasure), alogia (poverty of speech), blunted or flat affect and anergia (loss of energy). According to Varcarolis et al. (2006) psychosocial

Art And Schizophrenia Essay
Studies have been done on art being used for schizophrenia patients to utilize as a tool to help them understand their disorder but is this the proper
tool for patients? I came across two patients with schizophrenia, Kate a eighteen year old and Bryan John Charnely. Kate was diagnosed at the age of
seventeen and a great way for her to deal with her hallucinations was to draw them out. She stated " In my hallucinations I hear voices, sounds effects,
random noises, and often I see bugs, faces, and disembodied eyes (Boredpanda.com). According to the book, Essentials of Psychology by R.H. Ettinger,
the author states " the primary symptoms include disturbances in thought, perception, emotional expression, and speech" ( Pp 2, Pg 542). By this
statement the author is explaining what the most common symptoms are and comparing Kate's hallucinations its clear why she can see and hear her
hallucinations. Charnely on the other hand is an older man who was diagnosed with...show more content...
I came across an article " The MATISSE study: a randomized trial of group art therapy for people withschizophrenia" by BMC Psychiatry, this article
states " It has been promoted as a means of helping who may find it difficult to express themselves verbally in psychological treatment" (Crawford
et.al.., 2010) In other words its a study on random patients and their purpose for this was to evaluate if art is actually helpful for patients with
schizophrenia. Art has many advantages such as being able to understand a persons image of themselves or life. Even though art may be a great tool
for patients not a lot of research has been conducted and its effectiveness has not always been great. Due to this not all patients utilize art therapy
because every patient deals with schizophrenia differently but in Kate's and Charnely's case it was

Treatment For Schizophrenia Essay
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder that affects more than one percent of the population. When schizophrenia is active, symptoms can include
delusions, hallucinations, trouble with thinking and concentration, and lack of motivation. However, when these symptoms are treated properly, a
large portion of those diagnosed will greatly improve over time.
While there is no cure for schizophrenia, research is leading to new, safer treatments. Experts also are unraveling the causes of the disease by studying
genetics, conducting behavioral research, and by using advanced imaging to look at the brain's structure and function. These novel approaches hold the
promise of new, more effective therapies.
The complexity of schizophrenia...show more content...
Instead, schizophrenia genetics leave some people susceptible to the illness, which is triggered by environmental factors.
It is also worth noting that many schizophrenia experts believe schizophrenia is actually more than one disorder, and that schizophrenia symptoms are
actually caused by several subtly different mental disorders. If true, finding a cause for schizophrenia may be extremely complicated.
Treatment options
Schizophrenia is a chronic, lifetime mental disorder that cannot be cured, but can be effectively treated and managed. Research conducted in
developed countries revealed that about 20 to 35 percent of patients undergo a rapid improvement when treated. Approximately, 70 percent of the
patients suffer a relapse of acute symptoms within the next 2 to 5 years after being discharged from hospital. The risk of relapse usually decreases 10
years after the initial onset.
A positive long–term outcome is associated with an acute onset featured by positive symptoms which occurs after adolescence. Unfortunately, a poor
prognosis is associated with several conditions: slow, gradual onset that occurs at a young age, male gender, no precipitating signs, predominance of
negative symptoms, delay in receiving treatment, family history of the disorder, and presence of other conditions (substance

Essay on Schizophrenia
The wrinkles prove a life full of pain and confusion, but love overcame all of his emotions. She, a Picasso painting of beauty, remained still. Their life
was perfect, never fighting, but only happiness. In reality, although paintings remain beautiful, they still fade, and his perfect scenery, with a pill was
fading to less of his liking. Schizophrenia is not just about split personalities, mental disorders, or diseases; for some people, it is a way of life.
As read in the passage above, an example of Delusional Schizophrenia was presented. This is just one of many disorders that are established with
schizophrenia. Delusional Schizophrenia relates symptoms involving beliefs of others treating them unfairly, plotting against them, or...show more
content...
That is only one percent of the population. Children at the age of five years old can have schizophrenia, but it is very rare. At this young age
hallucinations or delusions are very rare. Mostly boys have Schizophrenia, but if girls, boys, men and women put together they all average out.
Frequently thought at young age just hyperactivity and in need of riddlen, or children show signs by keeping to themselves, not wanting to interact
with their own peers. Not only has a childhood developing disorder had it carried into old age. In old age the symptoms seem to weaken, but
actually they stay persistent. Only with time do the symptoms become more familiar, and the patients become more adapt. This disorder is more
likely to be inherited than just to occur. If a parent has Schizophrenia it is ten times more likely for the child to have it than just a parent with no
trace of it. Early diagnoses are better for the childs later life. The earlier diagnosed the more apt they are to the medicine and the effect is greater and
more effective. Scientists have proven that approximately 10 percent of teens and young men are higher than any suicide rate over all.
According to Professor Don H. Hockenbury, schizophrenia is a psychological disorder that involves severely distorted beliefs, perception, and thought
processes. Experiencing an entirely different inner world, one that is often characterized by mental chaos, distraction and

Schizophrenia Essay
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a specific type of psychosis. It is a disorder distinguished by disturbances within thought patterns, attention and also emotion. It can
also result in a complete lack of emotional expressiveness, or on occasions inappropriate ones. Every now and then it may cause disturbances in the
patient's movement and or behaviour, resulting in an unkempt appearance.
For quite a long time schizophrenia was perceived as a 'functional disorder' with some doctors saying it was a 'sociological phenomenon' (Gelder et al
1989) meaning' patients with schizophrenia are normal people who are driven insane by an insane world'.
Schizophrenics may often be withdrawn from other people and usual everyday reality, frequently...show more content...
The rate of substance abuse is very high (Fowler et al, 1998) perhaps a reflection of an attempt to achieve a little relief from many negative emotions
that schizophrenics deal with. Therefore it is no wonder at all that the suicide rate among people with schizophrenia is so high.
The symptom of schizophrenia also has a profound impact on the lives of family and friends. The delusions and hallucinations that are had cause much
distress and made far worse by the fact that all hopes and dreams have been demolished.
Schizophrenia is a very severe disorder its lifetime predominance is just under 1 percent, but it affects men a little more often than it does women.
(Walker et al. 2004) Schizophrenia can begin in early childhood but is usually more apparent in later adolescence or early on in adulthood, and again
this usually occurs earlier in men than women.
Although there is an extensive range of symptoms relating to schizophrenia, people with this disorder usually only display a small number of them at
any given time. The DSM–IV–TR suggest that not one single symptom is essential in the diagnosis. This shows how people with schizophrenia can be
so dissimilar.
Around thirty years ago the symptoms of schizophrenia were split into two groups. These were names positive and negative. There is now a clear
distinction between the symptoms of positive, negative and disorganized; these separations

During the 1950s, mentally disordered people who were harmful to society and themselves could be treated with medications and were able to return
safely to their communities. During the 1980s, the cost of health care increased more than any other cost in our national economy. As a result, strategic
planning has been made to reduce costs. "The political decision made to deinstitutionalize chronic mental patients started with the appearance of
phenothiazine medications. Dramatically reducing the instability influenced by psychosis, these medications were of great significance to many
individuals with serious mental disorders. At both the state and federal levels, legislators looked at the high cost of...show more content...
This plunge into fantasy results in a loss of contact from reality that can vary from mild to severe. Psychosis has more than one acceptable definition.
The psychoses are different from other groups of psychiatric disorders in their degree of severity, withdrawal, alteration in affect, impairment of
intellect, and regression.
The severity of psychoses are considered major disorders and involve confusion in all portions of a person's life. Psychosis is seen in a wide range
of organic disorders and schizophrenia. These disorders are severe, intense, and disruptive. A person with a psychotic disorder suffers greatly, as do
those in his or her immediate environment. Individuals suffering from withdrawal are said to be autistic. That is, the person withdraws from reality
into a private world of his or her own. The psychotic individual is more withdrawn than a person with a neurotic disorder or any other mental disorder.
The affect, mood, or emotional tone in a person with a psychotic disorder is immensely different from that of normal affect. In the mood disorders, one
observes the exaggeration of sadness and cheerfulness in the form of depression and mania.
In the schizophrenic disorders, affect may be exaggerated, flat, or inappropriate. In psychotic disorders, the intellect is involved in the actual

Schizophrenia Introduction
Introduction to Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is defined as a chronic, severe, and disabling disease of the brain and mind (Pickard, 2010). It is said that approximately 1 percent of
the population develops schizophrenia during their lifetime and more than 2 million Americans suffer from the illness (Pickard, 2010). People with
schizophrenia suffer many terrifying symptoms such as hearing voices of non–existent people, or believing that they are being controlled by demons
that are planning on harming them (Corrigan and Watson, 2002). These symptoms leave the schizophrenic individual emotionally and mentally
distraught and withdrawn (Pickard, 2010). They may also experience disorganized speech and thought which may seem incomprehensible for others
She was experiencing the entire event as a hallucination and delusion causing her to believe that the event going on in her mind was completely real.
She believed that her family members had died, and that the demons were beginning to take over the world. Her paranoid experience created a great
deal of fear within her, which is something that became very difficult for her to overcome.
During the early years of her diagnosis, my family could not comprehend the idea that one can suffer so much through ones "imagination". My aunt
would be so lost in her thought that she would forget her surroundings. The lack of understanding that my family had towards her experiences and
events, made her suffer even more because no one was able to aid her and bring her back to reality. Along with her however, my family also suffered
a great deal because they were constantly seeing her in state where she was completely

Schizophrenia Essay
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a serious brain disorder. It is a disease that makes it difficult
for a person to tell the difference between real and unreal experiences, to
think logically, to have normal emotional responses to other, and to behave
normally in social situations. People with schizophrenia may also have
difficulty in remembering, talking, and behaving appropriately. Schizophrenia
is one of the most common mental illnesses. About 1% of the world
population has schizophrenia. In the United States, there are about 2.5 million
people with the disease. Schizophrenia is the cause of more hospitalizations
than almost any other illness. Schizophrenia most commonly begins between
the ages of 15 and...show more content...
Even the experts
are not sure exactly what causes it. Some doctors think that the brain may not
be able to process information correctly. People without schizophrenia

usually can filter out unneeded information: for example, the sound of a train
whistle in the background or a dog barking next door. People with
schizophrenia, however, cannot always filter out this extra information. One
possible cause of schizophrenia may be heredity, or genetics. Experts think
that some people inherit a tendency to schizophrenia. In fact, the disorder
tends to "run" in families, but only among blood relatives. People who have
family members with schizophrenia may be more likely to get the disease
themselves. If both biologic parents have schizophrenia, there is nearly a 40%
chance that their child will get it, too. This happens even if the child is
adopted and raised by mentally healthy adults. In people who have an
identical twin with schizophrenia, the chance of schizophrenia developing is
almost 50%. In contrast, children whose biological parents are mentally
healthy – even if their adoptive parents have schizophrenia – have about a
1% chance of getting the disease. That is about the same risk as for the
general population of the United States. Some researchers believe that events
in a person's environment trigger schizophrenia. Some studies have shown
that influenza infection or improper nutrition during

Essay On Schizophrenia Treatment
Schizophrenia Treatment
There is no cure for schizophrenia but it can be controlled with treatment. In this paper I will discuss the different types of treatments. Treatment with
medications and psychosocial therapy can help relieve many symptoms of schizophrenia. A psychiatrist experienced withschizophrenia is usually the
one to treat a person with this disease. Antipsychotic medications are the most commonly prescribed drug to treat this disease. They help to control
symptoms by affecting the brains neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin.
To start there is not a cure for schizophrenia but some symptoms can be treated with antipsychotic medication. This type of medication is intended to
significantly reduce and possibly stop hallucinations, delusions, paranoia and disordered thinking. There isn't a specific antipsychotic medication
recommended to try first but factors that come into play when deciding which one to pick are cost, availability, effectiveness, side effects and
adherence likelihood. There are two types of medications that can be taken. Typical and Atypical. Typical is the oldest of the antipsychotic medications
and the effectiveness of it really works but it comes with a number of side effects that could make the quality of life difficult. Some of the side effects
are tremors, temporary paralysis, restlessness and pacing, extremely slow movements, muscle spasms and changes in breathing and heart rate. Atypical
Therapies used are skills training, social cognition training which focuses on creating an understanding of social relationships and interactions,
cognitive behavioral therapy which is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on building skills and changing behaviors, cognitive remediation's which
uses brain exercises to improve the cognitive impairment that is typical in

Essay on Schizophrenia and its Types
Schizophrenia There are many types of psychotic disorders. Some are worse than others and not everyone suffers the same from all of these. The way
someone deals with the disorder depends on their environment mostly and the help they get. Some disorders can be painful, others scary and even
threatening not only to the patient's life but also to the ones surrounding them. We never really pay enough attention to mental disorders, we have no
idea how intense some are and how bad people suffer from them. First of all, Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that makes it difficult to tell the
difference between real and unreal experiences, think logically, have normal emotional responses and behave normal in social responses. Schizophrenia
is...show more content...
He was also the first to classify the symptoms as positive or negative and started looking at the different types of schizophrenia. The name keeps
changing as scientists keep doing research and try to be more accurate about it. So far, they've come up with 5 types of schizophrenia: disorganized,
catatonic, paranoid, residual and undifferentiated. The most serious of these is disorganized because it is the one that affects patients the most. The
most common one is paranoid. It is hoped that by classifying the different types of schizophrenia and giving them names they can come up with a cure
for it faster since they're going to see the different symptoms of each one. The positive symptoms for schizophrenia are hallucinations, bizarre
delusions, language, and behavior. The negative effects are a–volitional movement, poverty of speech, social withdrawal and flat affect or no emotion.
People with schizophrenia usually develop the symptoms in months or years. They might or might not have all of them. Schizophrenics usually have a
hard time keeping a job or friends. They might also suffer from anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts or behaviors. They might get irritated easily, see
things that aren't there, lack of emotion, anxious, social isolation, jumping between unrelated topics when talking, among others. The symptoms
depend on what kind of schizophrenia the person suffers from. There have been some studies on schizophrenia but we

Argumentative Essay On Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Every year, many people around the world suffer from all sorts of mental illnesses. There are many different types of mental health
disorders in this world. Mental disorders affect the way a person acts, think, and sees the world. Some are dangerous, cannot be helped, chronic and
others could harm and affect your life. Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disease that expresses itself in terms of disturbances of thinking, perception
and behavior. It is one of the most common serious mental conditions that cause a range of different psychological symptoms. 1 out of 100 people,
regardless of race, sex, economic class or culture will fall a victim of this disease. (1) Schizophrenia strikes young men and women most often
between the ages of 15 and 35.(2) Even though the exact cause of schizophrenia is still not known, it has different types and...show more content...
As it is known that schizophrenia, such as cancer or diabetes, is a disease that has a real biological basis. The researchers found several factors may
have a role in the formation of schizophrenia. The first theory is Genes and environment. If one or more relative has schizophrenia, it can be increased
more in their families. In addition, infection during development in the womb and serious infections during early childhood can be a cause to develop
it. Also, many psychological and social agents will make the person getting schizophrenia such as stress, life environment, hard events or even a viral
infection. Another theory is different brain chemistry and structure. Scientists think that an imbalance in the complex, interrelated chemical reactions
of the brain involving the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate, and possibly others, plays a role in schizophrenia. (4) Moreover, some doctors
used neuroimaging to look at the brains of the patients to see the brain structure if it has any odd thing such as some areas being too large or too

Life altering stressors in an individual's life are frightening. Stressors are varied and, often, unpredictable. Obtaining medical treatment for a physical
illness brings hope and perseverance in the fight for health. Losing a job with health insurance and benefits is overwhelming; however, an independent
functioning person, with adequate personal and community resources, begins applying for new employment or career change. Enjoyment of life
hobbies and interests will be limited, but basic needs are met and health care obtained. However, there are those who have great difficulty obtaining
resources for maintaining basic needs. Persons with mental illness, those who are homeless, pregnant teens, or substance abusers are individuals of the
It is difficult for a person with Schizophrenia to process information logically and apply it to problem solving. These people are often paranoid of
others and cannot manage their emotions. Beebe (2007) states that "the symptoms of the disease negatively affect their social functioning, which may
result in isolation and lack of social support" (p. 35). In addition, Beebe (2007) cites there is a lack of access to treatment within the community. Due to
the psychotic nature of the illness, Schizophrenics question their actual need for medical treatment. This mental illness is often misunderstood by
society. The media portrays the Schizophrenic as having a 'split personality' and violent; often attacking people without provocation. Thomicroft,
Brohan, Rose, Sartorius, and Reese (2009) state that "people with Schizophrenia experience stigma caused by other people's lack of knowledge,
attitudes, and behavior; this leads to impoverishment, social marginalism, and low quality of life" (p. 408). In addition, the study conducted by
Thomicroft, Brohan, Rose, Sartorius, and Reese (2009) highlight the stigma as causing rejection and avoidance resulting in low rates of help seeking
behaviors, lack of access to psychiatric and medical care, under treatment, and material poverty. Beebe (2007) states "the basic goal of psychosocial
treatments is to improve individuals' coping resources and system supports to protect them

Schizophrenia Essay
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a disease of the brain that is expressed clinically as a disease of the mind. Once it strikes, morbidity is high (60% of patients are
receiving disability benefits within the first year of onset) as is mortality (the suicide rate is 10%). (www.nejm.org/content/1999/0340/008/0645.asp).
Because its symptoms and signs and associated cognitive abnormalities are diverse, researchers have been unable to find localization in a single region
of the brain. This essay will discuss the symptoms, treatments and causes of schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia is a complex psychological disorder, which affects 1 –– 2 % of the world's population (www.nami.org/helpline/schizo) Schizophrenia
can affect anyone at any...show more content...
Others move more slowly, or repeat rhythmic gestures or make movements such as walking in circles or pacing.
Negative symptoms include emotional flatness or lack of expression, an inability to start and follow through with activities, and a lack of pleasure or
interest in life. Negative does not refer to a persons attitude but to a lack of characteristics that should be there.
Schizophrenia is a disease that affects 1 –– 2 % of the world population. (www.chovil.com/first.html) The financial cost to society is huge and is
compounded by the fact that 50% of people who have schizophrenia develop a substance abuse problem while 70% of those who go off their
medication are re–hospitalized within a year and 100% of these within three years. (www.chovil.com/first.html)
Medication plays a large part in the treatment of schizophrenia. Medication appears to improve the long–term prognosis for many people with
schizophrenia. Studies show that after 10 years of treatment, one––forth of those with schizophrenia have recovered completely, one––fourth have
improved considerably and one–forth have improved modestly. (www.nami.org/helpline/schizo) About 80 percent of those who stop taking their
medications after an acute episode will have a relapse within one year.
Some of the most commonly used medications are anti psychotics. Anti psychotic drugs are used in the treatment of schizophrenia

Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a metal illness which is characterized by a disruption in cognition and emotion that affects the most fundamental human attributes,
such as thought, perception, language, and the sense of self. There are a large number of symptoms of schizophrenia which can include hearing internal
voices, hallucinations, and delusions. No single symptom can diagnose a person as schizophrenic, but rather the collection of multiple symptoms which
persist for a prolonged period of time. Symptoms of schizophrenia are divided into two categories, positive and negative. These categories define how
the symptoms are defined and treated. Positive symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized...show more content...
Risperidone is a prescription medication that was approved by the FDA to treat bipolar 1 disorder; although it is used to treat schizophrenia as well.
According to the makers of Risperidone it is designed to control symptoms of bipolar1 disorder, and schizophrenia
(risperdal). Risperidone is used to treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but has been shown to help the symptoms of negative schizophrenia as
well (NAMI–NYS). Risperidone is offered in 3 different forms, all of which are taken orally. The first form is a quick dissolving tablet offered in 3
strengths, .5mg, 1mg; 2mg.
Risperidone is also offered in tablet form in strengths ranging from
.25mg to 4mg, and a liquid form (risperdal). Risperidone is well tolerated and side–effects rarely occur according to the manufacturer
(risperdal). Risperidone like most anti–schizophrenic drugs has side– effects; some are temporary and will stop after the medication has been stopped,
but others symptoms will never go away. Some of the possible temporary side–effects can include muscle stiffness, tremors, and body shakes, and at
higher doses of risperidone, this side effect increases. While the most significant side effects, affecting some patients but not all include low blood
pressure; dizziness, especially when standing up suddenly; sleepiness, lethargy, heart palpitations, constipation, weight

Essay on Childhood Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a mental illness which affects millions of people throughout the world. Scientists have begun to understand more and more about the
possible causes, predisposing factors, types, and possible treatments for schizophrenia. (Torrey, 1995) It is very rare for schizophrenic symptoms to
appear before the age of 12 but it does occur. Recently, there has been a growing interest in childhoodschizophrenia. It is less than one–sixtieth as
common as the adult–onset type but the characteristics are very similar. Childhood schizophrenia also tends to be harder to treat and to have a worse
prognosis than the adult–onset form. (Rapoport, 1997)
Childhood schizophrenia is seen as simply an early version of the adult–disease but it...show more content...
It seems to be centered in the 6th–7th month of fetal development, a period characterized by neuronal migration and especially rapid brain growth.
(Eggers, 1991) Once the child is born, there are many signs of the onset of schizophrenia. Major feeding disturbances occurred and children were
described as having poor sucking ability or falling asleep every time the mother tried to nurse. (Cantor, 1988) The major sign is the mother–infant
relationship. The child has no desire to cuddle with the parents or be held and create the bond that is so desperately needed. (Arieti, 1974) The sleep
cycle is often the first symptom to pre–schizophrenia. "Infants were reported to В‘sleep almost constantly' during the first few months, yet by the age
of six months, they refuse to sleep at all". (Cantor, 1988) Severe nightmares are very common in the first two years of life, where the child is
unable to be awoken, or the child wakes spontaneously, vomits, and falls back asleep. (Cantor, В‘88) By the time the child is three or four, serious
sleep disorders begin to develop. "The child just can't fall asleep, and it seems like they just can't relax". (Cantor, В‘88) These children are more
likely to sleep walk, and have no fear in doing anything while in this state. "Both sleep behavior and understanding of danger improve as the child
matures; in fact, schizophrenic children become cautious and fearful as the awareness of their alien world

Essay on Schizophrenia Symptoms
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder of the brain, which is incurable but treatable to live a close to a normal life. There are different types of
schizophrenia and they each have different symptoms and affect a person's life in different ways.
Schizophrenia is a disease that ebbs and flows, which means that the people with the disease have acute periods called relapses. This is when a person
with schizophrenia experiences a number of sensations that are an addition to their usual feelings, and because they are additions, they are called
"positive symptoms." The term "positive symptoms" does not mean it is positive in the sense that it is wanted or a positive thing to have. They are
hallucinations, and delusions and they are believed to...show more content...
Another symptom of schizophrenia is talking nonsense, which usually occurs when a person is in an active phase of their illness. It usually occurs
when the person is dealing with a lot of stress or if their medications are running low. This causes them to say things that make little or absolutely no
sense. Their sentences do not piece together at all and many words might have special meanings to them. Most people use one side of their brain for
language and the other for art and music, so when the person is experiencing this symptom it is best to not try and understand them, but try and
communicate with them in a different form such as art and music.
The final positive symptom of schizophrenia is preoccupations. Preoccupations are fixed ideas that are not always false. It is usually just the person
worrying if they are doing the right thing or if they are doing something well, and the worries can start to grow out of proportion and unrealistic.
Sometimes the preoccupations can be activities such as the person thinking that they figured out something that no on else knew and they can not be
distracted. Preoccupations are usually found in an active stage of the illness.
The next types of symptoms are negative symptoms and

Essay about Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Child schizophrenia, like other psychopathologies has many documented, and several uncertain causes. Some scientists have evidence that pregnant
mothers have experienced an immune reaction that present dangers to the unborn child.
Schizophrenia is a disorder where the body=s immune system attacks itself.
Schizophrenia is not present at birth but develops during the adolescence period or young adulthood. ASchizophrenia is a biological brain disease
affecting thinking, perception, mood, and behaviour. Its exact cause is unknown but overwhelming evidence points to faulty chemistry or structural
abnormalities in the brain. In some cases schizophrenia is generic. Schizophrenia strikes one in 100 people at some point in his/her...show more
content...
Schizophrenics thought process is very Aloose@. Their thought s may shift rapidly from one unrelated topic to the next. They may make up their own
words or use sounds or grunts to substitute words. These symptoms do not mean that people with schizophrenia are out of touch with the world
completely, they know that roads are used for driving cars, and that people eat meals three a day.
Schizophrenia affect both men and women equally. Along withdelusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders, they also suffer from paranoia, high
anxiety , low stress tolerance, low motivation, lack of energy and the inability to feel pleasure. This makes work, leisure, relationships and even
everyday tasks difficult, sometimes impossible. These are concerns not only for the people diagnosed with this psychopathology but for their friends
and family.
Family is looked upon for support in not only everyday tasks, but in dealing with this disorder whether its in remission or relapse. With schizophrenia
there is the risk of suicide. ATen percent of all people with schizophrenia commit suicide. Either to escape the torment of their illness. Or because their
>voices= command them to.@ (Compiled by Ontario Friends of Schizophrenics,
Oct. 1994) Many schizophrenics also are incarcerated for crimes that they have committed while in a psychotic state, or are living on the streets,
without any treatment. Schizophrenics may become violent while in a psychotic state, and may
lose

A Research Paper On Schizophrenia

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A Research Paper On Schizophrenia