This document provides information about Muskaan Verma's course details and a summary of soil pollution. It defines soil pollution as the contamination of soil that reduces its productive capacity. The main causes of soil pollution are listed as acid rain, excess application of fertilizers and pesticides, disposal of urban solid wastes and industrial wastes. The effects of soil pollution on humans, animals, agriculture and urban areas are outlined. Control methods discussed include banning plastic bags, recycling plastic waste, banning deforestation, and optimizing fertilizer and pesticide use.
3. Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of
contaminants into the natural
environment that cause adverse
change. Pollution can take the form of
chemical substances or energy, such
as noise, heat or light. pollutants, the
components of pollution, can be either
foreign substances/energies or
naturally occurring contaminants.
Pollution is often classed as point
source or nonpoint source pollution
4. Types Of pollution
• Air Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Soil Pollution
• Noise Pollution
• Radioactive Pollution
• Thermal Pollution
• Personal Pollution
5. Introduction Of Soil
Soil can be defined as the uppermost
crust of earth mixed with organic
material and in which animals and
microorganisms live, and plants grow.
6.
7. Soil pollution
• Soil pollution is defined or can be described
as the contamination of soil of a particular
region.
• Soil pollution is caused by addition of
chemicals, which reduces its productive
capacity.
• In rural areas more fertilizers & pesticides
are used in agricultural operations & the
residual chemicals remain in the top layers
of soil.
8. Sources of Soil pollution
• Acid Rains
• Excess application of pesticides fertilizer
• Urban solid wastes
• Disposal of industrial wastes and sludge
over land
9. Acid rain
Acid Rain is caused by air
pollution. The acidic water
falls on the soil and pollutes it
by making the soil acidic.
10. Fertilizers
The use of excess fertilizers to
increase the crop yields makes
the soil either acidic or alkaline
and pollutes it.
Ex: ammonium sulphate ,
sodium nitrate
11. Fertilizers
• Excess use of Na, Mg,
Ca, K, Zn in the form of
fertilizers & pesticides
inhibit plant growth &
reduce crop yield.
12. Urban wastes
• These wastes include a wet
and fermentable fraction,
made of food residuals from
houses, restaurants and food
industries, paper.
14. POLLUTANTS
• Organic waste
Organic waste enter the soil pores &
decompose pathological bacteria
spread infection.
• Compounds waste
Compounds containing arsenic,
mercury, chromium, nickel, lead,
Zinc, & iron are toxic to the life.
Fluorides also affect the plant
development.
17. Pollutants
• Excess use of fertilizers
Excess use of Na, Mg, Ca, K, Zn, in the
form of fertilizers & pesticides inhabit
plant growth & reduce crop yield.
19. Humans Effects
CAUSES CANCERS INCLUDING
LEUKEMIA.
MERCURY CAN INCREASE THE
RISK OF KIDNEY DAMAGE.
ALSO CAUSE HEADACHES, EYE
IRRITATION & SKIN RASH.
23. Urban Effects
• Public health problems.
• Pollution of drinking
water sources.
• Foul smell & release of
gases.
• Waste management
problems.
24. Control of soil
pollution
• Ban on use of plastic bags which are
major cause of pollution in cities.
• Recycling of plastic wastes to
manufacture many ‘remake’ items.
• Ban on deforestation.
• Encouraging forest replantation
programmes.
• Use carefully the fertilizers &
pesticides preferable in optimal dose.
