Casa Milà, also known as La Pedrera, is a building in Barcelona designed by Antoni Gaudi between 1906-1910. It uses various passive design strategies suited for Barcelona's climate, including an undulating facade, courtyards for cross ventilation, skylights and chimneys for natural lighting and ventilation. Gaudi's innovative and organic design maximizes natural light and airflow throughout the building's nine levels without mechanical cooling or heating.

1. PRESENTED BY
MUKUM NEMBANG, ABIRAL BHUSAL , SUMIT NEMBANG
ABHISHEK LAMICHHANE, PRASHANT
KOJU,HRIDYENDRA SUBEDI

3. INTRODUCTION
 Name: Casa Mila
 Architect: Antoni Gaudi
 Timeline: 1907-1910
 Location: Passeig de Gràcia,
 Barcelona, Spain
 Style: Modernism (Art Nouveau)
 Casa Milà, popularly known as ‘La Pedrera’ (the stone quarry), is a Modernist building in Barcelona,
Spain.
 Designed by Antoni Gaudi, it is characterised by its organic-like undulating façade and surrealist
sculptural roof.
 Built between 1906 and 1910, Casa Milà was commissioned by the industrialist Pere Milà i Camps and
his wife.
 It would be Gaudi’s last civil work and is considered to be one of his most adventurous and innovative
designs

4. Topography And Climate
 Continent: Europe (Semi Arid,Mediterranean,Humid Subtropical,marine,humid
continental,subarctic,tundra and highland climates)
 Country : Spain (Mediterrranen,oceanic and semi arid climates)
 City :Passeig de Gracia,Barcelona (Warm and Temperate Climate)
 TEMPERATURE-Its average annual temperature is 21.2 °C (70.2 °F) during the day and 15.1 °C (59.9 °F) at
night.
 SUMMER- with average temperatures around 28–29 °C (82–84 °F) during the day and 22–23 °C (72–73 °F) at
night.
 WINTER-with average temperatures around 16 °C (61 °F) during the day and 10 °C (50 °F) at night.

5.  RAIN-The average annual precipitation is less than 640 mm (25 inches),
ranging from 20 mm (0.79 inch) in July to 91 mm (3.58 inch) in October.
 WINTER-with average temperatures around 16 °C (61 °F) during the day and
10 °C (50 °F) at night.
 WIND-Though Barcelona is normally not a windy city, it is affected by sea
breezes from May/June to September and winds from the west and northwest
in winter.

6. Layout
 The distribution of a typical floor is
notable for its irregular geometry
 its well-defined internal organisation,
intended to make the most of the south-
facing main façade.
 People circulate within the building by
using the well-lit, wide corridors around
the courtyards.
 The lifts provide direct access to the
entrance of the flats on each floor.
 Each floor is divided into four apartments
in such a way that each one has a section
of the main façade.

7. Design features

8. Facade (Curtain wall)
 The façade of CASA MILA is not a structural
element: rather than serving the traditional
function of load-bearing wall, it is instead a
curtain wall.
 The blocks of stone (numbering more than
6,000) are connected to the structure by metal
components, thereby making the large windows
in the frontage possible.
 There are three types of stone in the façade:
limestone in the lower parts and in some of the
structural elements; stone for the bulk of the
façade; and limestone from Ulldecona for some
of the features .

9. The Wrought Ironworks
The complex and expressive wrought-iron
grilles of the 32 balconies were made using
scrap iron sheets, bars and chains in an
unusual but remarkably effective
accumulation that complements the
architecture and provides a decorative
element.
Large sheets of glass were unavailable at the
time, so Gaudi fitted together a series of
panes in irregular shapes, based on animals
and plants, creating an area of small,
protected pieces of glass in the lower part
(where they are at greater risk of being
broken) and larger, more luminous pieces at
the top.

10. Basement
 He used slender iron columns, as well
as an innovative metal structure
reminiscent of a bicycle wheel, to
support the floor of the courtyard
above.
 The use of iron enabled him to reduce
the built volume and to gain
manoeuvring space.
Courtyard
 Gaudi introduced a major innovation
into the type of buildings that had gone
before. As well as small ventilation
shafts
 he built two large courtyards to
improve the lighting and ventilation of
all 16 apartments.
Basement and Courtyards

11. Attic
 Gaudi constructed the attic on the floor slab of
the top storey.
 To avoid adding to the weight of the building, he
used 270 catenary arches made of brick to
support the roof terrace.
Roof-terrace
 The roof of Casa Mila (La Pedrera) not only seals
the building against the elements but also
reveals three of Gaudi’s concerns: insulation,
lighting and ventilation.
 On the rooftop, we find order, beauty and
tremendous functionality in the built features:
stairwells, ventilation towers and chimneys.
Attic and Roof-terrace

12. Stairwell covered in mosaic Stairwell covered in lime and plaster

13. Uses of Energy

14.  An effective Mediterranean style for passive cooling and provides natural light to all nine levels
 Consists of a series of catenary vaults which create an attic space between two roofs and traps air and
shades and insulates the building
 The roof- It’s crowned with six skylights, six snail-shaped staircases (that also house the water tanks)
and twenty-eight chimneys twisted so the smoke escapes more easily.
 The house has a natural ventilation system, which makes air conditioning unnecessary and in Gaudi’s
plans were provided with an elevator, however the elevator wasn’t built in the building until much
later.
 During the day in Barcelona, the wind blows from inland to the sea but at night that reverses
and, the cool sea breezes blow inland
 Designed with eastern gaps low in each floor that can be regulated with wooden louvers to
cool the structure in the evening
 The sun heats the air causing it to rise through the vents and create cross-ventilation across
the thermal mass of cool floors in the flats
 In the wintertime the system changes; the eastern gaps are closed, and the upper skylights
turn the courtyard into a greenhouse
 Warm air goes into each flat through courtyard windows that can be opened.

15. Natural and mechanical ventilation
 Gaudí decided to apply some architectural
innovations to his buildings in order to
accompany growing hygienic current
emerged throughout Europe
 The idea starts with Two courtyards
through which the floors of the building
are organized, facilitating the most
optimal ventilation of all the floors and
rooms of the building.

16. Response to Climate

17.  The idea starts with Two courtyards
through which the floors of the building
are organized, facilitating the most
optimal ventilation of all the floors and
rooms of the building.
 A cross ventilation is achieved that
manages to quickly renew the air of the
house.
 It is in this sense that we find one of the
most innovative examples that Gaudí
applies to the building, the double blind in
the windows facing the central courtyards.
 With this design it’s possible to ventilate
by opening the top of the window, which
has its own blind, and keep the bottom
shutter down or open, depending on the
desired solar control, but without having
the window open.
Opening and Ventilation

18. Thermal comfort
 Gaudi’s Casa Mila demonstrates
this sliced corner convention.
 Its historic walls embody the
biomorphic movement, as do the
thermal conditions.
 Not only does Barcelona’s mild
climate eliminate air
conditioning as a necessity but it
was also built prior to
widespread air conditioning use,
allowing its thermal conditions to
be representative of nature as
well.
 Casa Mila’s inner courtyard and rooftop are two spaces of interesting thermal comparison.
 Both are exposed to the elements, although one retains the sensation of being indoors.
 the entrance of solar radiation through the oculus would warm and store the heat in the courtyard four levels
below.
 However, the diameter of the skylight only allows for direct sunlight to access individuals at the ground level
for a limited time. The rooftop of Casa Mila would probably exhibit a similar air temperature to that of the
inner courtyard.

19. Lighting
 Both are open to the sky and supply
natural ventilation and lighting to
the apartments in Casa Mila.
 A light penetrates well into the
basement through skylights and
small roof
 The daylight comes through windows
from the courtyard.
 window with different shades of blue
that help to soften the daylight.

20. Conclusion
 Use of curves and natural components.
 Passive energy is used mostly.