Presentation on Public Private Partnership with focus on informal WM sector in Palestine, case study in Tulkarem fro waste carton collection

1. Waste Management informal sector, Riad Oufi
recycling company formalisation process in
PPP with Tulkarem JSC

2. Overview of the Informal Recycling Sector (IRS)
“the informal solid waste sector refers to individuals or
enterprises who are involved in recycling and waste
management activities but are not sponsored, financed,
recognised or allowed by the formal solid waste
authorities, or who operate in violation of or in
competition with formal authorities” (GIZ, 2006)

3. Recycling is first of all an economic activity of
commodities extraction, upgrading, and trading,
and as such it provides a livelihood for millions
of persons worldwide (Scheinberg, 2010)

4. Street pickers Recovery Bottles, cans
Landfill scavengers Recovery Bottles, paper, plastic
Collection crews
Recovery
Collection crews Recovery
Travelling buyers
Door to door buying (announced collector) Paper,
cardboard, glass bottles, aluminum cans, nylon
Dealers neighborhood dealers or buyers Buying (retail)
Small-scale
entrepreneurs
Buying, trading
Large-scale
entrepreneurs
Buying and exporting/trading large-scale processing
technology Metal, iron, steel, paper, cardboard, plastic
bottles, glass bottles, tires, miscellaneous
IRS forms
(Mohammad Said Al Hmaidi, 2014)

5. When an active informal sector is removing waste for
recycling at different points of the system, the result is
that waste composition figures may be measured after
some recycling has already happened, so comparisons
can be misleading. City authorities are often unaware of
these nuances. (David C Wilson et al., 2012)
Waste management analysis should study the IRS

6. workers
rights
care
not
covered
not
included
in
the
local
tax
system
child
labor
no
monitoring
of
environmental
degrada8on
prac8ces,
soil,
water
and
air
pollu8on
IRS negative aspects
low
acceptance
from
the
society
(wider)
scarce capital
health risks posed to the related community or general
public
no
legal
status
poor
working
condi8ons

7. high recovery rates (up to 80%)
IRS positive aspects
income to poor population
experience on the recycling sector
use of most appropriate technologies
deep knowledge of the territory
relationship with the surrounding population (narrow)
reduce the cost for the formal Waste Management (20%)

8. What to do with IRS?
One of the aims of modern waste management is to
move ‘up the waste hierarchy,’ i.e. reduce the reliance
on disposal and increase recycling: it would seem ironic
to move forward by deliberately eliminating what can
be a rather efficient, existing recycling system […]
The preferred option is to integrate the informal sector
into waste management planning, building on their
practices and experience, while working to improve
efficiency and the living and working conditions of those
involved (David C. Wilson et al. 2006)

9. Studies have shown that in low-and middle-income countries
the resource recovery rate by the informal sector is up to three
times higher than by the formal solid waste management
system. Informal recyclers are also able to valorize recyclable
materials at lower costs than the formal sector due to their
experience and special knowledge about identifying materials
and marketing them. (SWEEPNET, 2014)
The regional solid waste exchange of information and
expertise network in Mashreq and Maghreb countries
•Integrating the informal sector within
any proposed SWM system.

10. (Maria Besiou et al., 2011)
real
ideal
symbiotic
100.000.000
80.000.000
60.000.000
40.000.000
20.000.000
0
-20.000.000
NPV(€)
5 10 15
2
0
25 30 35
time (years)
25

11. The informal sector is clearly any city’s key ally.
These human resources can be best deployed in the
public interest through appropriate legal and
institutional spaces. But that doesn’t imply that the
informal recycling sector is a distinctly developing
world phenomenon. The research here shows that it
exists even in San Francisco, California, and
Tompkins County, Ithaca, New York. (UNHABITAT, 2010)
False belief

12. Carton collection in Tulkarem city and Alsha’sawiya
and Wadi Alshaeer areas from commercial and
industrial activities
context analysis and survey on carton production
and analysis of the informal sector based on the
following:
• questionnaires to shops and commercial activity
under the survey
• analysis of carton collection in other cities:
Nablus, Jenin

13. IRS discovered in Tulkarem
• Riad Oufi is collecting carton from commercial
activities since 2009
• family business born as carton scavenger in
municipal dumpsites
• collecting around 60% of the carton from
commercial activities in Tulkarem city
• no collection in the surrounding municipalities
• collection, transportation and manufacturer
direct selling
• carton, plastic and metal
• partially accepted by the community

14. • included in the public sector (employed by
municipalities or bodies related to WM)
2 options to include IRS in the formal WM:
• as private sector with a PPP system (cooperatives,
SME, associations, companies)
PPP as strategy to keep the environmental
standard and the concept the waste management
is service to the population

15. (A) Interface with the SWM system
(B) Interface with the materials and value chain
(C) Social aspects and the interface with society
(O) Organisation and empowerment
Methodology: tool integration radar (‘InteRa’)
(C. Velis, 2012)

16. (A) Interface with the SWM system
• Access to the waste
• Recognising the role of the informal sector.
• Protecting public health and the environment
• Strengthening interfaces
Methodology: tool integration radar (‘InteRa’)
(C. Velis, 2012)

17. (B) Interface with the materials and value chain
• Improving the quality of the source material
• Adding value to the products sold
• Improving linkages along the value chain
Methodology: tool integration radar (‘InteRa’)
(C. Velis, 2012)

18. (C) Social aspects and the interface with society
• Facilitating recognition and acceptance of the
informal sector (by the wider society)
• Work towards child education and gender equality
and inclusivity
• Occupational H&S
Methodology: tool integration radar (‘InteRa’)
(C. Velis, 2012)

19. (O) Organisation and empowerment
• Organisation if IRS
• Financial viability
• Capacity building
Methodology: tool integration radar (‘InteRa’) (C. Velis, 2012)

20. Public municipality and JSC
PPP agreement: JSC Tulkarem with IRS Oufi Co.
Private Oufi Recycling
company
PPP agreement
• municipality commitment
on access to waste
• facilitate acceptance
• environment protection
• public health
• NO SERVICE FEE
• environmental licence
• workers insurance and
safety
• increase collection
including other villages
CESVI NGO

21. to be continued….