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IEPSM.MY.E.P.MARKO JARA SCHENONE-MATEMÁTICA- III TRIM. – 2020-SECUNDARIA
PROF.FRANKLER MILLER MUNDACA GONZALES CEL. 952515835
RADICALES I
 RADICALES HOMOGÉNEOS
Dos o más radicales son homogéneos si tienen el
mismo índice:
Ejemplo:

3
7 ;
3
11 ;
3
2 son radicales homogéneos.

3
6 ; 6 ;
5
5 no son radicales homogéneos.
Si dos radicales son homogéneos podemos
multiplicar o dividir sus radicandos, escribiendo el
mismo radical, pero no podemos hacer nada con la
suma o la resta de los mismos:
Ejemplo:

3
3
3
7
x
5
x
2 =
3
7
x
5
x
2 =
3
70

5
5
2
64
= 5
2
64
=
5
32 = 5

5
5
5
3
2
x
7
=
5
5
3
14
= 5
3
14
Bien ya vimos como operar con radicales
homogéneos, pero .....¿qué hacer con las
multiplicaciones o divisiones de radicales que no
son homogéneos?
En estos casos podemos HOMOGENIZAR dichos
radicales para lo cual necesitamos conocer el
siguiente principio.
Multiplicando el índice de un radical y el exponente
del radicando por una misma cantidad, el valor
aritmético de la raíz no se altera.
Recordemos que:
n
m
n m
a
a 
Si se trata de
nk mk
a tendremos:
n
m
nk
mk
nk mk
a
a
a 

Luego:
nk mk
n m
a
a 
Ejemplo:

3 5
2 expresarlo como un radical de índice 12.
Solución:
Logramos esto multiplicando el índice 3 y el
exponente 5 respectivamente por 4, sin que el
valor aritmético de la raíz se altere; es decir:
12 20
3
x
4 4
x
5
8 5
2
2
2 

 Escribir bajo un solo radical
6 5
4 3
3 2
7
x
7
x
7
Solución:
Primero:
Nos damos cuenta que el mcm (3 ; 4 ; 6)
índices de las raíces es 12.
Segundo:
Llevamos cada radical como índice 12.
12 8
4
x
3 4
x
2
3 2
7
7
7 

12 9
4
x
3 3
x
3
4 3
7
7
7 

12 10
6
x
2 2
x
5
6 5
7
7
7 

nk mk
n m
a
a 
IEPSM.MY.E.P.MARKO JARA SCHENONE-MATEMÁTICA- III TRIM. – 2020-SECUNDARIA
PROF.FRANKLER MILLER MUNDACA GONZALES CEL. 952515835
Tercero:
Operamos:
=
3 2
7 x
4 3
7 x
6 5
7
  
=
12 8
7 x
12 9
7 x
12 10
7
..... ¡radicales homogéneos!
=
12 27
12 10
9
8
7
7
x
7
x
7 
=
4 9
4
9
12
27
7
7
7 

5) RADICALES SEMEJANTES:
Dos o más radicales son semejantes si además de
tener el mismo índice, tienen la misma cantidad
subradical (o el mismo radicando).
Para sumarlo o restarlo operamos con los factores
que le anteceden escribiendo luego el mismo
radical, así:
5
5
5
3
12
3
7
3
5 

Para multiplicarlos o dividirlo, procedemos como en
RADICALES HOMOGÉNEOS, así:
(5 2 ) (3 2 ) = 15 2 2 = 15 2
x
2 = 15 4
= 15 x 2 = 30
I. Escribir bajo un solo radical:
1)
3
3
3
3
2
5 =
2) 2
2
2
2 =
3)
4
4
4
4
7
7
7
7 =
4)
10
10
10
4
3
2 =
5) 5
3
2
11 =
6)
3
3
3
5
2
7 
 =
7)
3
3
3
5
2
7 =
8)
6
6
6
6
20
4
5
2
=
9)
7
7
7
7
7
12
4
3
8
2
=
10)
5
5
5
5
5
3
6
7
2
3
II.Homogenizar los siguientes radicales:
1) 3
4 5
2
;
2 =
2)
15 2
5 6
3
;
3 =
3)
14
7 2
5
;
5 =
4)
4 3
3 7
2
;
2 =
5)
5 2
6 3
8
;
8 =
6)
12 5
6 23
3
7
;
7
;
7 =
7)
6 5
24 5
8 7
2
;
2
;
2 =
8)
6 5
9 2
4 3
3
11
;
11
;
11
;
11
9) 6
8 3
12 5
3 2
13
;
13
;
13
;
13 =
10) 19
;
19
;
19
;
19
81 4
3
7 2
=
Ejercicios de
aplicación

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30. RADICALES HOMOGENEOS Y SEMEJANTES - ARITMETICA.doc

  • 1. IEPSM.MY.E.P.MARKO JARA SCHENONE-MATEMÁTICA- III TRIM. – 2020-SECUNDARIA PROF.FRANKLER MILLER MUNDACA GONZALES CEL. 952515835 RADICALES I  RADICALES HOMOGÉNEOS Dos o más radicales son homogéneos si tienen el mismo índice: Ejemplo:  3 7 ; 3 11 ; 3 2 son radicales homogéneos.  3 6 ; 6 ; 5 5 no son radicales homogéneos. Si dos radicales son homogéneos podemos multiplicar o dividir sus radicandos, escribiendo el mismo radical, pero no podemos hacer nada con la suma o la resta de los mismos: Ejemplo:  3 3 3 7 x 5 x 2 = 3 7 x 5 x 2 = 3 70  5 5 2 64 = 5 2 64 = 5 32 = 5  5 5 5 3 2 x 7 = 5 5 3 14 = 5 3 14 Bien ya vimos como operar con radicales homogéneos, pero .....¿qué hacer con las multiplicaciones o divisiones de radicales que no son homogéneos? En estos casos podemos HOMOGENIZAR dichos radicales para lo cual necesitamos conocer el siguiente principio. Multiplicando el índice de un radical y el exponente del radicando por una misma cantidad, el valor aritmético de la raíz no se altera. Recordemos que: n m n m a a  Si se trata de nk mk a tendremos: n m nk mk nk mk a a a   Luego: nk mk n m a a  Ejemplo:  3 5 2 expresarlo como un radical de índice 12. Solución: Logramos esto multiplicando el índice 3 y el exponente 5 respectivamente por 4, sin que el valor aritmético de la raíz se altere; es decir: 12 20 3 x 4 4 x 5 8 5 2 2 2    Escribir bajo un solo radical 6 5 4 3 3 2 7 x 7 x 7 Solución: Primero: Nos damos cuenta que el mcm (3 ; 4 ; 6) índices de las raíces es 12. Segundo: Llevamos cada radical como índice 12. 12 8 4 x 3 4 x 2 3 2 7 7 7   12 9 4 x 3 3 x 3 4 3 7 7 7   12 10 6 x 2 2 x 5 6 5 7 7 7   nk mk n m a a 
  • 2. IEPSM.MY.E.P.MARKO JARA SCHENONE-MATEMÁTICA- III TRIM. – 2020-SECUNDARIA PROF.FRANKLER MILLER MUNDACA GONZALES CEL. 952515835 Tercero: Operamos: = 3 2 7 x 4 3 7 x 6 5 7    = 12 8 7 x 12 9 7 x 12 10 7 ..... ¡radicales homogéneos! = 12 27 12 10 9 8 7 7 x 7 x 7  = 4 9 4 9 12 27 7 7 7   5) RADICALES SEMEJANTES: Dos o más radicales son semejantes si además de tener el mismo índice, tienen la misma cantidad subradical (o el mismo radicando). Para sumarlo o restarlo operamos con los factores que le anteceden escribiendo luego el mismo radical, así: 5 5 5 3 12 3 7 3 5   Para multiplicarlos o dividirlo, procedemos como en RADICALES HOMOGÉNEOS, así: (5 2 ) (3 2 ) = 15 2 2 = 15 2 x 2 = 15 4 = 15 x 2 = 30 I. Escribir bajo un solo radical: 1) 3 3 3 3 2 5 = 2) 2 2 2 2 = 3) 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 = 4) 10 10 10 4 3 2 = 5) 5 3 2 11 = 6) 3 3 3 5 2 7   = 7) 3 3 3 5 2 7 = 8) 6 6 6 6 20 4 5 2 = 9) 7 7 7 7 7 12 4 3 8 2 = 10) 5 5 5 5 5 3 6 7 2 3 II.Homogenizar los siguientes radicales: 1) 3 4 5 2 ; 2 = 2) 15 2 5 6 3 ; 3 = 3) 14 7 2 5 ; 5 = 4) 4 3 3 7 2 ; 2 = 5) 5 2 6 3 8 ; 8 = 6) 12 5 6 23 3 7 ; 7 ; 7 = 7) 6 5 24 5 8 7 2 ; 2 ; 2 = 8) 6 5 9 2 4 3 3 11 ; 11 ; 11 ; 11 9) 6 8 3 12 5 3 2 13 ; 13 ; 13 ; 13 = 10) 19 ; 19 ; 19 ; 19 81 4 3 7 2 = Ejercicios de aplicación