2. 1925
FILM PROJECTOR
IT IS ALSO
CALLED MOVIE
PROJECTOR
WHICH IS USED
FOR PROJECTING
MOVING IMAGES
FROM FILM.
3. Similar to the motion-
picture projector,
Thomas Edison
predicted that, thanks
to the invention of
projected images,
“books will soon be
obsolete in schools.
Scholars will soon be
instructed through
the eye.”
4. 1930
An overhead projector
designed by American
scientist Henry
Morton was marketed
around 1880 as a
"vertical lantern".
The use of transparent
sheets for overhead
projection, called
viewfoils or viewgraphs,
was largely developed in
the United States.
6. 1936
THE FIRST COMPUTER
In 1936 Zuse finished the
logical plan for his first
computer, the V1 (V
for Versuchsmodell—
experimental model).
Actually all the first
computers of Zuse was
named with V (V1 to V4),
but after the WWII he
changed their names to Z1
to Z4, in order to avoid the
nasty association with the
V1-V4 military rockets. The
manufacturing begin in the
same year and the
prototype was ready in
1938 making the Z1 the
first relays computer in the
world.
7. Z1 was a machine of about
1000 kg weight, which
consisted from some 20000
parts. It was a programmable
computer, based on binary
floating point numbers and a
binary switching system.
The only electrical unit was
an electrical engine with
power 1kW, which was used
to provide a clock frequency
of one Hertz (one cycle per
second) Z1 consisted of 6
basic units:
Control unit; Arithmetical unit;
Input/Output; Memory;
Memory selector; Tape reader
(see the lower drawing).
8. 1940
BALLPOINT PEN
A ballpoint pen, also known as
a biro or ball pen, is a pen that
dispenses ink over a metal ball at its
point, i.e. over a "ball point".
In 1941, the Bíró brothers and a friend,
Juan Jorge Meyne, fled Germany and
moved to Argentina, where they
formed Bíró Pens of Argentina and
filed a new patent in 1943. Their pen
was sold in Argentina as
the Birome (portmanteau)of the
names Bíró and Meyne), which is how
ballpoint pens are still known in that
country.
9. 1940
The stencil
duplicator or mimeograph
machine (often abbreviated
to mimeo) is a low-
cost duplicating machine that
works by forcing ink through
a stencil onto paper.
Mimeographs, along with spirit
duplicators and hectographs,
were a common technology in
printing small quantities, as in
office work, classroom
materials, and church bulletins.
Early fanzines were printed
with this technology, because
it was widespread and cheap.
10. 1947
TRANSISTOR
A transistor is a semiconductor device
used to amplify or switch electronic
signals and electrical power. It is
composed of semiconductor material
usually with at least three terminals for
connection to an external circuit.
Invented in 1947 by
American physicists John
Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William
Shockley. The transistor revolutionized
the field of electronics, and paved the
way for smaller and
cheaper radios, calculators,
and computers, among other things.
The transistor is on the list of IEEE
milestones in electronics, and Bardeen,
Brattain, and Shockley shared the
1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their
achievement.
