An academic group project for developing 'Environmental Management System' certification in the construction company!

1. UTS: ENGINEERING
Assignment Cover Sheet
49306 Quality and Operations Management Systems
Session Autumn 2019
STUDENT 1
LAST NAME: Hxxxx
FIRST NAME: Ixxxx
STUDENT ID: 12xxxx
STUDENT 2
LAST NAME: Sxxxx
FIRST NAME: Hxxxx
STUDENT ID: 1xxxx
STUDENT 3
LAST NAME: Emon
FIRST NAME: Mohammad
STUDENT ID: 12794121

2. 1
Environment
management system
(EMS)
For ‘Waterway Construction Pty Ltd'
2019

3. 2
Tableof Contents
List of Tables..............................................................................................................................3
List of Figures:............................................................................................................................3
1. Executive Summary:..........................................................................................................4
2. Introduction:..........................................................................................................................5
3. ‘Waterway construction’ Environment Policy:.....................................................................6
4. Stakeholders Requirements: .................................................................................................7
4.1 identify stakeholders..........................................................................................................7
4.2 Stakeholders Needs............................................................................................................8
5. Performance Evaluation:.....................................................................................................10
5.1 identify the critical process............................................................................................... 10
5.2 identify performance parameters ..................................................................................... 11
5.3 Identifying performance methods..................................................................................... 12
6. Environmental Analysis:......................................................................................................13
6.1 Environmental Aspects for Waterway Construction........................................................... 14
6.2 Impacts of environmental aspects ofWaterways construction........................................... 16
6.3 Objectives for the Environmental Aspects identified in 6.1. ............................................... 18
6.4 & 6.5 Targets and Actions to prepare for Environmental Aspects:...................................... 19
6.6 Measure or Monitor the progress of implementation of the environmental actions........... 22
7. Risk analysis: ..................................................................................................................23
7.1 Company’s Operation Hazards .......................................................................................... 23
7.2 Risk Assessment Matrix.................................................................................................... 26
7.3 Solutions to Reduce/Eliminate Risks ................................................................................. 27
8. Conclusion............................................................................................................................29
References: ..............................................................................................................................30

4. 3
List of Tables
Table 1 Potential stakeholders
Table 2 Stakeholders needs
Table 3 Construction process and subprocess
Table 4 Process performance parameters
Table 5 Measuring performance
Table 6 Environmental Impacts
Table 7 Environmental Objectives
Table 8 Environmental targets and Actions
Table 9 Potential Risk
Table 10 Risk Scale
Table 11 Range of Risk Severity
List of Figures:
Figure 1 Waterway construction PTY LTD
Figure 2 Environmental Aspects Installation Phase
Figure 3 Environmental Aspects Decorating or Cleaning

5. 4
1. Executive Summary:
The main purpose of this report introduces and evaluate the environment
management system for the ‘’Waterway Construction PTY LTD’’ and analyse the
quality and overall aspects and impacts such as how is affect the environment and
find the risks. And minimize the all hazards to control level. And find the relevant
stakeholders and process of this company and some performance parameter to
measure it for give some suggestion for the potential construction industry.
However it was found from the analyse that pin point the critical process of maritime
construction company of such as heating ,dismantle , ventilation, drainage , painting
and disposal of waste create several environmental hazards which should reduce and
maintain for the construction company in order to comply with the ISO 14001 standard
methods. The major hazards are found which affecting the environment is
hydrocarbon spills, chemical leaks and dust generation.
To conclude, it was recommended that for construction industry should maintain the
ISO 14001 standards throughout the year and make waste management plan and
monitor the process to keep the minimize of pollution level. The potential action such
as proper training of all the staff and improve engineering design and solution should
me made according to the standards objectives and aims.

6. 5
2. Introduction:
Figure 1: ‘Waterway Construction Pty Ltd’
‘Waterway construction PTY LTD’ established in 1993 is capable of doing project like
pilling, bridge’s, pontoons, pipelines, maintenance etc which is specialist as maritime
contractor in throughout Australia. It is also member of other several entities “Keller
Asia pacific”. The company main vison and values includes such as provide absolute
safety and engineering innovation. Maintain strong relationship with the clients and
provide excellent delivery and provide marine construction, maintenance not only in
Australia but also outside beyond. In 2001 this company formed of specialize in
maintenance activities in Sydney all sector of roads and maritime services. Besides,
also its achieved strong connection in Melbourne by purchasing skilled maritime and
took several port maintenance constructions which gradually build the reputation for
“waterway construction’. In 2016, another big project acquired which is Smith bride
Australia maritime and bridge operation which gradually increase the reputation to
moving into bride market. The company is committed and employs skilled workers for
the construction and maintenance of maritime structure such as divers, crane operator
and other staff in order to maintain the quality of the working skills of construction in
the marine environment. Which lead to wins several awards for the company success
and reputation by improving the technical skills and innovation. Some of them is
mentioned is national winner of civil contractor’s federation in 2003 and winner of
master builder’s association of Australia in 2004(Waterway 2019).

7. 6
3. ‘Waterway construction’ Environment Policy:
As discussed earlier, the waterway construction in commitment to comply with ISO
14001 system and deliver continues improvement of the projects they encounter with.
The major construction involved in the marine, pilling and wharf and all related
environmental works.
The potential Environment management policy (EMS) policy for waterway construction
is mentioned below:
 Maintain and control all the aspects of the company’s construction process to
minimize the pollution.
 Every 6 months basis review all the environment object, target and monitor
performance to see the measure of the achieving those goals.
 The company main focus on reducing 80% recycling of waste deposal by
compliance with all environment awareness obligations and regulations.
 Make proper use of all the resources material to maintain the sustainability
 In order to improve the environmental performance, the company should
maintain and develop continually EMS plan.
 Recycle the material and reclaim it where necessary to minimize the pollution
and reduction.
 Maintain and communicate this policy to all stakeholders and make is interest
able to other parties.
 Provide training scheme for the employees and related subcontractor to
increase environment awareness and control reduction by improving the
technical skills of stakeholders. And provide potential pollution incident
responsive management plan (PIRMP) for achieving these standards.
 Provide eco conscious products, goods and work methods to contribute to
energy saving for the environment.
 Being a leader in maritime construction sector.

8. 7
4. Stakeholders Requirements:
4.1 identify stakeholders
Many stakeholders are involved with the “Waterway construction company’. So, in this
table below, discussed some these potential internal key stakeholders as analysed
group of the main company structure which impact of making the organization decision
(Waterway 2019).
Stakeholders Affect
Senior management Main role includes managing projects, strategic
planning, financial management, operations
managers, design and construction
methodologies and responsible for delivery
company project (Waterway 2019).
Engineering Design, structural analysis, and also develop
company plant capabilities for the ‘Waterway
construction’
Tendering officers There are several factors they affect in decision
making such as tendering, bid management,
identifying the new business opportunity,
estimating the budget for this company.
Operation officers Provide support and maintenance for the
project, managing project teams, budgets
related to all operations within the organization.
Health, safety, environment and
quality (HSEQ) officers
Implementing and develop the HSEQ program
thorough the company, and manage the
ongoing compliance, quality control of the
‘Waterway construction’
Government sector This is external sector of the stakeholder who
monitor and control the compliance with rules
and regulations of the construction company
and keep track of payment of taxes.
Table 1: Potential stakeholders

9. 8
4.2 Stakeholders Needs
Stakeholders Needs Justification
Senior management 1.People management
skills
2.Negotiation skills
People management:
this is the most important needs for
managers. Understand the different
people, situation and manage them
effectively. Without it, the situation
will get stressed for the company to
handle the big project but with the
right tool and skills it is possible to
achieve.
Negotiation skills:
It is also paly vital role in the
company managers. Not just only
within but outside the business
partner, supplier and clients the
mangers have to effectively
negotiate with all the time and
develop a profitable strategy for
both parties.
Engineering 1.Develop design solution
for the project
2. develop Construction
methodologies
Develop design solution:
It the key factor of the engineering
process and the engineer
stakeholder must propose and
design the blueprint of the
construction process and also
communicate throughout the all
relevant parties as well
Construction methodology:
To carry out the project effectively
the engineer must develop the

10. 9
planned method of construction,
legal requirement and all other risks
and opportunity going to encounter
throw-out the projects.
Tendering 1.Bid and tendering
management
2.Estimating the budget
Bid management:
It is the proposal of supply of
products and service which provide
by the company .so the tender
department set out the requirement
for the tendering process in the
construction company.
Estimating the budget: It is play
crucible role in the construction
industry. all the material, labour and
engineering equipment are
assessed and estimated the cost by
the estimator stakeholder
HSEQ officers 1.Quality auditing
2.Monitor compliance with
site regulations
Quality auditing: this part the
officer focus on audit, collect and
manage risks within the system and
analyse it for continuing
improvement of the quality of the
organization
Monitor compliance with site
regulations:
The testing of quality assurance
carry out for regularly day on site to
check the activities of construction
process for minimize the pollution
level.
Table 2: Stakeholders needs

11. 10
5. Performance Evaluation:
5.1 identify the critical process
The main Process involves in construction industry is described below
There are many phases or steps involves in construction operation process. Firstly,
making, installation of the structure or building of the terminal or land which is lighting,
heating, water supply, heating, drainage, sanitation etc. For example, the lighting is
necessary to exit or access the workers in a company for safety. Another phase is.
alteration of the any parts of the structure, repairing or maintenance of the construction
project. it also can me demolition of any parts of the building or structure of the projects
such as walls, terminal, pipelines, industrial plant etc. For example, it is necessary to
dismantle the structure or part of the structure to replant and reconstruct the
construction project which is cause several environmental hazards is which is going
to explain the ‘environmental impacts section’ in this report.
Another potential phase is, decorating the places such as painting, cleaning of the
structure or the land.
Other phase not forget to mention is that in construction there is also involves drilling
or extraction, tunnelling of underground water and bridges. Another phase is, delivery
of the manufacture of the products or engineering equipment (Institution of civil
engineers 2018).
In a nutshell, the process and sub process which mentioned above is summarised in
the following table below:
Process Sub-process
Installation phase 1.Heating
2.Lighting
3.Ventilation
4.Drainage
5.Sanitation
Alternation, repair or maintenance
phase
1.Erection
2.Demolition

12. 11
Delivery phase 1.Engineering components
2.Plant or machinery
Decorating or cleaning phase 1.Painting
2.Disposal of waste
Table 3: Construction process and Subprocess
5.2 identify performance parameters
In this section, the potential proceeds and performance parameter are identified and
mentioned in the following table:
Process Performance parameters
Engineering components Quality
Quantity
Time
Disposal of waste Improve efficiency of waste
management
Testing of waterways and air pollution
parameters
Table 4: Process performance parameters

13. 12
5.3 Identifying performance methods
The following measuring method applied for the selected parameter of the
construction process.
Performance parameters Measuring methods
Quality Quality assurance officer must check
and monitor every month to see it meets
the standard quality and beside also
internal, external auditing can be done
at the same time
Quantity Must be check by appointed officer
regularly to meet is desire quantity and
equipment maintenance should be
needed to check the machine running
properly or not.
Time Provide an estimated time for between
the two routes when delivery phase is
initiated.
Efficiency of waste management Feedback from the waste disposal other
collaboration should be obtained to
improve the efficiency of waste
management
Testing pollution level Regularly testing of water sample which
is caused by potential chemical hazards
and also installing air monitors to check
the concentration level of dust to
minimize the pollution by control and
apply waste management plan.
Table 5: Measuring performance

14. 13
6. Environmental Analysis:
(Environmental Management System ISO 14001)
According to Youker 1992, the construction environment is everything in the
surroundings that can be influenced by the construction project and the conditions of
the environment before, after and during the project.
Akinsola et al 1997, defines Environmental Management system as the study of all
the external influences on the construction process; which means everything outside
the project, technology, the products nature, rivals and consumers threat and desires,
the political interference, the economic limitations, even the climate the project must
operate.
Bennet 1991 establishes that environmental factors can interfere with the planned
progress of the construction projects. He predicted that the less predictable the
environmental aspects the more potential effects or impact it can have on the project,
thus these aspects must be more take seriously when developing the construction
project.
Youker 1992, reviewed hundreds of results of World Bank construction projects and
concluded that the success or failure of a projects often depends on environmental
factors which are outside the control of the project manager. However, it is essential
to have a good understanding of different environmental aspects and their impacts on
a project in order to overcome or mitigate their impacts on the project’s performance.
In order to do that, it is crucial to identify the potentials problems for the construction
project and establish a power relationships and objectives allocate targets to achieves,
assign actions to help and finally monitors or evaluate the performance to assess the
progress of implementation of Environmental Management System.
Waterways Construction has conducted their own survey and has developed a Safe
Work Method Statements (SWMS). This module enables the employees to assess
any situation, identify the significance of the aspects and impacts it can have on the
environment and personnel, judging the situation they implement controls to mitigate
possible impacts to both the human and environment. (Discussed in 7)
As discussed in 5.2, the two identified processes we will discuss in this section are the
Installation Phase and Decorating or Cleaning Phase.

15. 14
6.1 Environmental Aspects for Waterway Construction
Element of Waterway Construction’s activities which can interact with the
environment positively or negatively.
Fig 2: Installation Phase and the environmental Aspects with relationship with PDCA
and the framework of ISO 14001: 2016
Installation
Phase
Demolition
of older
wharves
Earthworks
Culvert and
Darinage
Stockpiling
Drilling and
Blasting
Plan
Do
Check
Act
Scopeof
EMS
Internal & External
Issues
Needs & expectationsof
stakeholders
Intended
outcomes
of EMS

16. 15
Fig 3: Decorating or Cleaning (Pollution) Phase and the environmental Aspects with
relationship with PDCA and the framework of ISO 14001: 2016
Decorating
or Cleaning
(Pollution)
Phase
Clearing&
Decorating
Concrete
batching
Waste
Air, Water
& land
Energy
Plan
Do
Check
Act
Scopeof EMS
Internal & External Issues
Needs & expectationsof stakeholders
Intended
outcomes
of EMS

17. 16
6.2 Impacts of environmental aspects of Waterways construction
Environmental impacts are any change or potential change in the environmental be
that beneficial or adverse due to the discussed aspects. (Hogan 2016)
Process Environmental Impacts
Installation Phase
Demolition:
Source: Demolition debris, cement, pavements, bricks
etc.:
Impact: Waste Cross contamination.
Earthworks:
Source: Seepage of Sea and ground water in excavation.
Mud tracking by excavators.
Impact: Mud tracking spoiling public roads resulting to
safety hazard and public complaints.
Culvert & Drainage:
Source: Concrete mixing spills
Fuel spills; sediment runoff
Impact: Contamination of surface and groundwater
effecting aquatic life in the ocean
Stockpiling:
Source: Vehicular Movements
Impact: Potential harm to native vegetation
Poor management of equipment & materials.
Drilling & Blasting:
Source: Deposit of Dust in Neighbourhood due to drilling
machines.
Impact: Community complaints for polluting
neighbourhood.

18. 17
Process Environmental Impacts
Decorating or
Cleaning Phase
(Pollution)
Clearing & Decorating:
Source: Green Waste
Impact: Emission of Greenhouse gases from fossil fuel
consumption
Concrete Batching:
Source: Cement Mixer truck.
Impact: Detrimental or turbid water quality due to
sediments loading.
Waste
Source: Entire project operation from paperwork to
construction work
Impact: Waste disposal improperly; not reclaimed or
recycled waste materials.
Air, water and Land
Source: Pollution due to by products
Impact: Flora, Fauna and aquatic life pollution.
Energy
Source: To power the entire operation gas and fossil fuel
been brunt.
Impact: Improper use of energy increased carbon footprint.
Table 6: 10 Environmental impacts for the two identified Process in 5.2

19. 18
6.3 Objectives for the Environmental Aspects identified in 6.1.
(Foxground 2017)
No Environmental Aspects Objectives
1 Demolition To avoid contamination separate waste into
recyclable materials and non-recyclable (to be
disposed). Facilities must be labelled to be
recognised easily.
2 Earthworks Regularly remove mud splits from public area as
soon as possible.
3 Culvert & Drainage Avoid storage of harmful chemical away from
drainage system to minimise such chemicals
been washed away to the ocean untreated,
4 Stockpiling Identify flora or fauna as sensitive area required
to be protected.
5 Drilling & Blasting Maintain all equipment in good condition and take
preventive measures to minimise pollution to the
neighbourhood as much as possible.
6 Clearing & Grubbing Turn off machinery when not in use and source
locally to avoid long transport journeys minimising
carbon emission.
7 Concrete Batching Relevant documentation of sediment control
activities.
8 Waste Adopt a hierarchy system which terms waste
according to their potentials measure and actions
to be taken
9 Air, water and Land Ensuring native life forms be that as flora, fauna
or aquatic are unharmed during and after the
construction project.
10 Energy Minimising carbon footprint throughout the
construction project and the lifespan of the
intended project.
Table 7: 10 Environmental objectives for the two identified Process in 6.1

20. 19
6.4 & 6.5 Targets and Actions to prepare for Environmental Aspects:
(Foxground 2017)
No. Aspects Targets Action
1 Demolition The waste materials that
are produced due to
demolition must be
separated into several
categories namely
Recyclable, Non-
Recyclable and
Reclaimable. Waterways
Construction aims to use
80% of recyclable
materials.
Project manager must
oversee this task, training
must be provided to the
workers to be able to
differentiate among the
different debris.
2 Earthworks After every workday,
additional time slots
must be allocated to
remove mud slits and
clean public areas.
Foreman must oversee this
task, workers should be
encouraged to avoid
making mess as much as
possible, and foreman
should communicate with
public complaints and
assure the best actions are
been taken.
3 Culvert & Drainage Harmful chemicals must
be stored at least 50 m
away from natural
drainage should be
elevated with a barrier
by at least 10 m height
so that in rainwater
cannot wash away these
chemicals.
Engineers or Architect
oversee this task.
Pre-Construction
designated locations must
be prepared to store
harmful chemical safe and
securely.

21. 20
4 Stockpiling Around the construction
site flora and fauna must
be identified and
categorised as sensitive
areas and special care
must be taken to protect
them.
Project manager and
Foreman.
Oversee this task.
Set a boundary around the
identified Flora and fauna,
bright colours specifying
and acknowledging such
categories should be
displayed.
5 Drilling & Blasting Minimising Noise
pollution, reducing dust
and debris from
spreading all over the
neighboured.
Engineers must oversee
this task. Barriers around
the construction site has to
be erected to absorb noise
as much as possible from
the source.
6 Clearing &
Decorating
Reducing Greenhouse
gases emission, so
effective and efficient
uses of machinery and
practices of day to day
operations. Achieve
negative carbon status.
Project Manager and
Foeman.
Turn off equipment when
not in use. Source locally to
avoid long transport
journeys.
7 Concrete Batching Most of the projects of
Waterways Construction
are maritime, so they
effects aquatic life
nearby, cement waste
usually mixes with
nearby water mass and
pollutes it. Objective is
to achieve complete
separate of such waste
from natural habitats.
Foreman and Engineer.
Maintain a register
documenting sediment
control activities.
Engineers should prepare
facilities to contain all the
concrete spill and waste
within confined space later
disposed.

22. 21
8 Waste Complete waste
management.
Adopt a hierarchy
system, which
categorizes waste in
several criteria.
Which are avoid waste,
reuse, recycle, recover,
treat and dispose.
Staring with most
preferable to least.
Project manager.
Waste of different category
should be sorted and
labelled and documented
and then appropriate
actions must be taken
according to the criteria.
9 Air, water and
Land
Australian laws are very
strict to protect Flora,
Fauna and aquatic life
and habitat. Waterway
construction must
adhere to such rules and
regulation. Ensure that
native life forms are
unharmed during and
after the construction
project.
Environmental Specialist.
Train employees about the
importance of
environmental protection of
Air, land and water habitat.
Proper inspection of land,
water and air quality
throughout the project
ensuring standard is
maintained.
10 Energy Achieve Negative
Carbon Footprint.
Ensure carbon footprint
is close to Zero
throughout the
construction project and
during the lifespan of the
intended project.
Engineer.
Adopt Green and
renewable energy systems.
Avoid hydrocarbon based
energy sources. Avoid to
paperwork as much as
possible, use emails or
tablets for regular day to
day work.
Table 8: 10 Environmental Targets and accompanying Actions for the Objectives
discussed in 6.3

23. 22
6.6 Measure or Monitor the progress of implementation of the environmental
actions.
 Environmental Management System (EMS) is an effective way to monitor the
progress of implantation of actions set to achieve the targets. This is a continual
process which enables to self-evaluate help to improve in future.
 Waterways Construction is committed to audit on six monthly bases, having an
audit in such intervals must compare the results with earlier references,
feedbacks for lacking can be advantageous.
 Project Manager must regularly document data in a Register with checklists.
This help to routinely check whether necessary task has been completed and
use the data to evaluate further improvement.
 Regular inspection of raw materials must be conducted for hazardous
substances or contamination, reports must be maintained.
 Purchased goods and materials must qualify the standard of quality.
 A team should be formed, tasked with monitoring environmental analysis and
should strive to find solution when met with inadequacies.
 All employees should be made aware of their health risk, encouraged to be
environmentally friendly and trained thoroughly to meet all goals and targets.

24. 23
7. Risk analysis:
7.1 Company’s Operation Hazards
● Physical Hazards
Fire in the Workplace: Fire is one of the hazards that can possibly happen in the
operation of a construction company. This is because there’s a lot of electrical
equipment used in the process of a constructions. One example of the equipment is
the lighting systems. Construction process usually happen in the middle of the night,
so the lighting system is really important in the process. There’ll be a lot of cable
throughout the construction site due to the need of lighting. Because of this case, the
possibility of short circuit that cause a fire will be higher. Fire is a dangerous hazard; it
is so severe and able to kill people who got caught in the middle of it. Burnt is one of
the outcomes, cause by fire. Respiratory problem from the smoke of the fire makes
the severity level of this hazards higher.
Unsafe or Misused Machinery Due to Lack of Training: This hazard could possibly
happen because of the fault in the management systems. Sometimes the company is
too “lazy” to do a daily or weekly check which lead to non-compliance of the employee.
Small non-compliance act could result in fatal accident that lead to lost of life. Because
of this matter, the severity of this hazards is high.
Excessive Noise in the Workplace: There are a lot of noises in the workplace due to
the use of machinery. Sometimes the machinery used can be so loud, sometimes it
doesn’t. But most of the time heavy machinery in the construction place produces loud
noise which exceed the standard dB of human hearing. Exposed to such noise from
time to time could result in hearing problem. This problem can’t possibly lead to the
loss of life, thus the severity of this hazard is not high. Still it’d be best to not
underestimate this kind of hazard because this hazard can interrupt individual’s daily
life.
Electrocuted: Because of the use of many electrical equipment and also the use of
lighting in the construction site, electrocuted is possible to happen. The usage of
lighting and electrical equipment will result in the cable around the workplace.
Electrocuted is a severe hazard that can take the life of the people who got it. Proper
systems and training are required to minimize the possibility of this hazards.

25. 24
●Chemical Hazards
Lots of Dust in the Construction Site: Dust is a small particle that exist almost
everywhere. In the construction place, this small particle is so much that could result
in respiratory problem such as asthma and bronchitis. The possibility of employee
exposed to dust is really high, but the possibility of people caught a respiratory problem
caused by dust is pretty low. There are many ways to deal with excessive dust in the
construction place. The severity of this hazard is low because the impact of this hazard
is low and multiple ways to prevent it.
Air Pollutions Cause by Machines: It has been explained before that there are
excessive usage of machinery in the construction place. There will be also vehicle like
trucks that come and go in the sites, resulting in the excessive carbon monoxide (CO)
in the air. People who breath too much of carbon monoxide will experience the
difficulty to breathe because it is easier for blood to take carbon monoxide (CO) rather
than oxygen (O2). The severity of this hazard is not high, it can cause a serious
problem but with low probability and won’t cause the loss of life.
Hydrocarbon Spills: Hydrocarbon spills or what usually called oil spills is a type of
pollution which happen because of releasing excessive amount of waste oils to the
water or sometimes to the land. This pollution often develops from the industrial
company waste due to the use of machines. Same case with the construction
company which also use machineries to do the projects. This hazards severity is pretty
high even though it doesn’t affect human in a short term, but it can possibly do some
effects in a long term. This type of hazard also destroys water ecosystems if the spills
is thrown out to the water (Waterway 2019).
● Ergonomic Hazards
Excessive Manual Handling: Work in the construction site is all about manual handling,
like lifting material around the sites. But there should be equipment that help with
manual handling, because excessive manual handling will cause back injuries, neck
disorders, upper and lower limb disorders. This hazard happens because sometimes
employee think that the use of suitable equipment is a bother. This problem should
not be underestimated, because it can also cause serious injuries resulting in death

26. 25
especially in the construction sites. The probability of the hazard to happen is relatively
low, but it depends on how the company apply the standards of operations.
Repetitive Movements: The outcomes of this hazard are almost similar with the hazard
before which is manual handling. The difference is this hazard is less dangerous.
Repetitive movements could also be resulting in some type of syndrome which
symptoms are pulsing pain and tingling. The probability of this hazard to happen is
pretty high. Because employee who works in the construction sites have job scope
which makes them do repetitive tasks such as construction worker who arrange the
cement and bricks to build a wall or people who mix cement and water.
● Psychological Hazards
Constant Threat of Danger: When working in the construction site, there will be a lot
of things that lead to danger. All the employee in the construction site are always
exposed by the dangerous situations. This matter could develop a serious mental
problem for the people who are not used to the situations on the site. This hazard is
not so severe that it will be resulting in death, but it will always happen because that’s
how it works in the construction site.

27. 26
7.2 Risk Assessment Matrix
Hazards Severity Probability Risk
Assessment
Terminology
Physical Hazards
Fire in the Workplace 5 3 15 Moderate
Misused Machinery 4 3 12 Moderate
Excessive Noise 2 4 8 Low Risk
Electrocuted 5 3 15 Moderate
Chemical Hazards
Lots of Dust 1 5 5 Low Risk
Air Pollutions 2 4 8 Low Risk
Hydrocarbon Spills 4 3 12 Moderate
Ergonomic Hazards
Excessive Manual Handling 3 4 12 Moderate
Repetitive Movements 2 5 10 Moderate
Psychological Hazards
Constant Threat of Danger 1 5 5 Low Risk
Table 9: Potential Risks
Severity Parameters
Very High 5
High 4
Medium 3
Low 2
Very Low 1
Probability Parameters
Very High 5
High 4
Medium 3
Low 2
Very Low 1
Table 10: Risk scale
Risk Assessment Parameters
Critical 23-25
High Risk 17-22
Moderate 10-17
Low Risk 4-9
Very Low Risk 1-3
Table 11: Range of Risk Severity

28. 27
7.3 Solutions to Reduce/Eliminate Risks
1.Fire in the Workplace
●There’s not much that the people can do to eliminate the risk of the fire, because
electrical equipment is needed to do the construction to reduce manual handling. One
thing that can be done to reduce the possibility of the fire is to do daily maintenance
for all the cable and lighting in the building. The other things that can be done is to put
fire extinguisher or fire blanket around the premises to prevent the fire before it goes
big just in case there’s a fire.
2.Unsafe/Misused Machinery
●Thing that can be done to reduce the possibility of this hazard is to do a training
program for the new/latest type of machine or equipment. The other thing that can be
done is to develop standards of operation with daily check to ensure the compliance
of the employee.
3.Excessive Noise in the Workplace
●This noise pollution can be reduced with careful choice of the machinery and
equipment used. The management should choose the machinery or equipment with
minimum noise to minimize the hazard. Choice of operating hours could also be done
to reduce the pollution which can affect neighbourhood.
4.Electrocuted
●This hazard can be prevented by making a good/neat cable system. Isolator material
can also be used to cover the cable, so the workers don’t need to worry about getting
electrocuted. Daily maintenance for the equipment should be done to ensure it can
work well with no defect.

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5.Lots of Dust
●For excessive dust generation, water can be used to reduce it to minimum amount.
Water tank should be installed on the site equip with the handheld hoses. The use of
fog canon can also help to suppress the dust to prevent it from spreading to nearby
places.
6.Air Pollutions
●Air pollutions can be minimized by a good choice of machinery. In this case Machines
with low rate of pollution are very recommended. There are no other ways to reduce
the risk of air pollutions because the use of machines/vehicles is needed in the process
of construction.
7.Hydrocarbon Spills
●One thing that can be done to reduce the possibility of the spills is to isolate the
source of the spillage. If the spill cannot be prevented, the use of absorbent
product/material is recommended. The example of the absorbent material is sawdust.
It can be used to absorb the oil in the water and after that dispose it appropriately.
8.Excessive Manual Handling
●Appropriate system should be implemented to reduce manual handling on the site.
System that require the use of proper equipment to do specific jobs is recommended.
Some of the jobs may require manual handling, so emergency first aid kit/phone
number can also be helpful if something undesirable happened.
9.Repetitive Movement
●This hazard is always happening in the construction site due to the workload of each
employee. It can’t be prevented to happen but can be minimize by doing a stretch
before and after doing repetitive jobs.

30. 29
10. Constant Threat of Danger
●This type of hazard can be minimized by applying standard operational procedure to
ensure the safety of the workers. Daily compliance check should be done to make
sure the safety levels of the workplace so the workers would not worry about the
danger.
8. Conclusion
In conclusion, Waterway Construction Company has done some efforts to develop a
policies and systems which comply with ISO 14001 Environmental Management
Systems (EMS). The stakeholders that involved in this construction company are
identified and explained such as Senior Management, Engineer, and etc. The
performance of the company including identifying the critical process and determining
performance parameters are described in the reports. To ensure the compliance of
the company’s system to the ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems, 5
aspects and impacts for 2 of the processes each are also explained. Based on the
ISO 14001, the objectives and targets are written to understand about the aspects
explained before. Finally, there is also risk analysis that explained the potential hazard
that the company might produce with matrix to further understand the critical level of
it. Some hazards are affecting the environment which need to be reduced in order to
comply with the standards of EMS ISO 14001 like hydrocarbon spills and excessive
dust generation. In the end, Waterway Construction Company still have problems
regarding the hazard that might affect the environment. But it is written in the report
that this company has done the best possible actions, so the company comply with
the ISO 14001 through minimizing the hazard and developing environmental
management plans through the things that has been explained in the reports.

31. 30
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