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Accountability within education
- 1. ACCOUNTABILITY WITHIN Elizabeth EDUCATION: Russell TECHNOLOGY
- 2. WHAT IS ACCOUNTABILITY? •Gains vs. Losses • Pro’s vs. Cons • Solution?
- 3. TECHNOLOGY HAS A POSITIVE IMPACT ON EDUCATION • Correct Implementation: Positive Achievements • Access and Equity • Competitive Skills
- 4. CORRECT IMPLEMENTATION • Professional Development • Application of technology relates directly to classroom curriculum • Technology incorporated into the daily schedule
- 5. CORRECT IMPLEMENTATION Individual Feedback/Tailored Lessons Student Collaboration Project Based learning and real world simulations
- 6. CORRECT IMPLEMENTATION “Effective technology integration requires leadership, support, and modeling from teachers, administrators, the community, and parents.”
- 7. ACCESS AND EQUITY Minority students and those who live within poorer communities • Less access to computers, internet, etc.. • Integration allows access
- 8. COMPETITIVE SKILLS • Professional Development • Technology Based Skills Communication Collaboration Analyzing Innovation Problem Solving
- 9. TECHNOLOGY HAS A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON EDUCATION • Teaching Standards •Technology is expensive •Technology dehumanizes education
- 10. TEACHING STANDARDS • NETS-T: National Educational Technology Standards for Teachers • No common adherence to standards by teaching professionals. of technology into the classroom
- 11. TEACHING STANDARDS 1. Teachers demonstrate a sound understanding of technology operations and Concepts
- 12. TEACHING STANDARDS 2. Teachers plan and design effective learning environments and experiences supported by technology
- 13. Teachers implement curriculum plans that include methods and strategies for applying technology to maximize student learning
- 14. TEACHING STANDARDS 3. Teachers apply technology to facilitate a variety of effective assessment and evaluation strategies
- 15. TEACHING STANDARDS 5. Teachers use technology to enhance productivity and professional practice.
- 16. TEACHING STANDARDS 6. Teachers understand the social, ethical, leg al, and human issues surrounding the use of technology in PK- 12 schools and apply those principles in practice
- 17. TECHNOLOGY IS EXPENSIVE • Three ways in which costs are incurred Initial Cost of Installation Maintenance Keeping up to date • Equality
- 18. THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY DEHUMANIZES EDUCATION • Aid vs. Distraction • Less time critically thinking
- 19. SOLUTIONS? Adherence to Standards Correct Implementation Equality Skill levels
- 20. SOLUTIONS? Cost Tax Incentives Fund Dispersal Negotiations
- 21. CONCLUSION The use of technology in the classroom… Effective when implemented appropriately
- 22. BIBLIOGRAPHY Fu n d i n g S t r a te g i e s o r t h e Te c h n o l o g y P l a n . E D . g ov. I nve s t i n g i n S c h o o l te c h n o l o g y: S t r a te g i e s to m e et t h e f u n d i n g c h a l l e n g e . N ove m b e r 1 9 97. We b . 3 / 5 / 2 01 2 . h t t p : // w w w2 .e d. g ov / p ub s / te c hi nve s t / c h a p 3 . h t m l I S T E N a t i o n a l Te c h n o l o g y S t a n d a r d s f o r Te a c h e r s ( N E T S -T ) . E l o n U n i v e r s i t y. We b . 3 / 5 / 2 01 2 . < h t t p : / / w w w.e l o n .e d u/ d o c s / e - w e b / a c a d em i cs / e d uca t i o n / e d uca t i o n / tec h n o l o g y/ N E T S _ Tw i t h p ro d uc t s . p d f > J a m e s . B a c k to B a s i c s : R e s i s t i n g t h e A l l u r e o f We b Te c h n o l o g y i n t h e C l a s s r o om . C a c o p h o ny. N o v e m b e r 9 , 2 0 0 9 . We b . 3 / 5 / 2 01 2 . < h t t p : / / c a c .o p h o ny.o r g / 2 0 0 9 / 1 1 / 0 9 / b a c k - to - b a s i cs - r e s i s t i n g - t h e - a l l ur e - o f - w e b - tec h n o l o g y - i n - t h e - c l a s s r o o m/ > Te c h n o l o g y a n d S t u d e n t Ac h i eve m e n t - T h e I n d e l i b l e L i n k . I n te r n a t i o n al S o c i et y f o r Te c h n o l o g y i n E d u c a t i o n . 2 0 0 8 . We b . 3 / 5 / 2 01 2 . < : / / w ww. k 1 2 h sn . o r g / f i l e s / r e se a r c h / Te c h n o l o gy / IS T E _ p o l i c y_ b r i e f s t u d e n t _ a c h i eve m e n t .p d f > All images collected from MS Images http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/?CTT=97
Editor's Notes
- What exactly do I mean by accountability within technology which has been integrated into the classroom? In this presentation I will be focusing on the gains which come along with the integration of technology while also looking at the losses associated with integration as well. This allows us to analyze both the pro’s and con’s of the integration of technology within the classroom, and ultimately we will be able to come up with a solution to the question whether technology is a benefit to the classroom, or a hindrance.
- Many argue that the implementation of technology into the classroom has a positive impact on education. Research shows that the correct implementation of technology within the classroom leads to positive gains within the classroom. Also, schools which provide technology to students are bridging the equality gap by providing less fortunate students with the means to be just as successful as their wealthier peers. Last, access to technology within the school allows students to become more competitive in the overall job market by providing them with real world skills and applications.
- Research shows that the correct implementation of education technology is key if the integration of technology in the classroom is to contribute towards positive student achievements. What does this mean?In order for the implementation of technology to be effective, it must be correctly implemented into the classroom. Professional development for the use of technology should be ongoing in order to keep the skills of teachers up to date and consistent. When applying technology within the classroom, it’s direct use should reflect and complement the classroom curriculum while staying relevant and focused to the core subjects in which states want students to master. Also, the incorporation of technology into the classroom should occur on a daily basis in order to provide variety to the schedule, and also to build upon students mastery of skills on a regular basis.
- With correct implementation of technology within the classroom, teachers are able to provide students with individualized instant feedback with many programs as well as tailored lessons which are paced based on the individual students comprehension and knowledge. Student collaboration is also easier when using technology through the easy means of communication with which technology provides. Collaboration also occurs through the group projects and team activities, This elevates the achievement of the class as a whole. Last, technology also provides a means for project based, and real world simulations because technology allows students to apply the skills and knowledge that they have learned in the classroom to real experiences.
- Last, the correct implementation of technology into the classroom requires effort from everyone; teachers, administrators, community and parents. This is necessary because it takes leadership, support, and modeling in order to maintain the funding necessary to keep technology in schools.
- Research shows that the implementation of technology into the classroom improves the overall inequity which exists when incorporating technology into the classroom environment. Not all students are given the same privileges at home, thus by providing technology within the schools, students who would otherwise have had no exposure to computers and other forms of technology are at least able to experience a bit of time learning and understanding their uses and benefits. Students who have no access to these resources tend to have lower grades, and lower performances on standardized tests. The incorporation of technology into the classroom helps to bridge the equality gap.
- The Integration of technology into the classroom provides students with twenty first century skills making them more competitive in the global job market.Technology skills within students supports their professional development for the future. Some of the skills which are supported by the use of technology within the classroom include communication, collaboration, analyzing, innovation, and problem solving.
- Some believe that the use of technology in the classroom has a negative impact on education. They argue that there are set standards formulated for teachers to use as guidelines for the use of technology in their classrooms, however most teachers do not adhere to these standards, or are even informed that there are standards. Another negative aspect of the use of technology in the classroom is the fact that it is expensive to implement and sometimes even more expensive to maintain. Last, some people argue that the use of technology within the classroom dehumanizes education because students are spending less and less time with their own thoughts.
- The ISTE (International Society for Technology in Education) Created the NETS-T (National Educational Technology Standards for Teachers). These standards were created to create uniform, effective, and appropriate uses fro technology within the classroom. It is very rare to see a teacher who adheres to every one of these guidelines, and yet a large majority of teachers incorporate technology into their daily routines.
- According to the Institute Standards for Technology Education, teachers must demonstrate a sound understanding of technology operations and concepts. This means teachers must keep their skills up to date and current with new technologies. From my experiences with educators in the classroom, many of them cannot even operate simple overhead projection systems. Often times when teachers do not know how to operate the technology they bring into the class, their use becomes more of a waste of time rather than a productive use of time. Also teachers must plan and design effective learning environments and experiences which are supported by technology. This means that the use of technology in the classroom should act as a supplement to the material being covered in class rather than as a distraction or a "fun activity to keep the children interested." The use of technology in the classroom should be effectively used in ways which students can see real world applications and can gain real world knowledge rather than just using it as a distraction from the main lesson
- Also teachers must plan and design effective learning environments and experiences which are supported by technology. This means that the use of technology in the classroom should act as a supplement to the material being covered in class rather than as a distraction or a "fun activity to keep the children interested." The use of technology in the classroom should be effectively used in ways which students can see real world applications and can gain real world knowledge rather than just using it as a distraction from the main lesson
- Teachers implement curriculum plans that include methods and strategies for applying technology to maximize students learning." Technology should be used and Incorporated as a tool to individualize the learning of each and every student. More and more these days, we see the use of computer programs solely for drill and kill practice, or even for taking standardized tests. At times these forms or learning are necessary, however they are not the only ways to approach the use of technology. Technology should be Incorporated in order to maximize students learning, thus it should act as an aid rather then another thing to be conquered in the daily grind.
- Technology can be used to more efficiently, accurately, and effectively calculate student's grade, improvements, and overall progress throughout the school year; its a wonder as to why some teachers stick to the old methods. Teachers can use applications such as Microsoft excel in order to keep track of student progress. This method saves teachers both time and energy entering all grades in by hand. It is also a more secure and accurate way to calculate grades.
- The use of technology for the grading process enhances the productivity and professional practice of teachers because they are then able to spend more time enhancing their curriculum and less time grading and organizing papers. Technology can also be used to enhance student feedback for assessments, allowing teachers to decide how best to help students and their weaknesses. This makes teachers more productive as professionals in the field of education.
- Last, if teachers plan to use technology in the classroom, they must understand the social, ethical, legal, and human issues surrounding the use. This means teachers must be knowledgeable about the consequences which surround the use of technology such as copy right infringement, and the appropriateness of material brought into the class. Teachers must also be aware of their own social identities on the Internet, and the consequences which follow with irresponsibility on the web.
- Technology is not cheap. The incorporation of technology into the classroom can run a school a couple thousand dollars. This is an especially big issue when funds are low, thus many people believe that money spent on technology is better spent on other things for the classroom.Funding for technology must be thought of in three ways, which makes the issue even more complicated. The first cost for technology is the initial high levels of capital needed for the installation and implementation of technology. This also include the cost of training and the down time which occurs as staff and students learn to use the technologies. As technology is used more and more, there also are cost associated with the maintenance and repair of technology in the school. This also means another few salaries are added to each school district in order to create a technical support team. Last, schools must also regularly retire and replenish systems in order to keep them modern and up to date. It is easy to see that the cost of technology does not end at the initial cost of the technology itself, thus technology should not be incorporated into schools as a primary means of the learning processEquity is also a problem in the discussion of funding. Each school district receives funds from different pools of taxes, thus not every school or school district receives the same resources. For example, schools in a rural school district may have a small tax base in order to receive funds because of the smaller population, however a school in a rural area may need expensive wireless systems in order to incorporate technology into the classroom. In an urban school district, there may be a larger tax base, however a school district in an area such as this has many more buildings to outfit with technology than would a rural or suburban school district. Therefore, inequalities within the funding of the school districts will create even more inequalities between students in the future. Those who are the "have's," will continue to be so as their skills, knowledge, and resources pass those of the "have not's," therefore continuing the vicious cycle.
- Although there are a variety of fascinating and valuable technologies that can be utilized within the classroom, the question remains whether technology actually aids the learning process or whether it simply provides us with a temporary distraction from it? "Sure Showing a Youtube video is a fine way to generate conversation, but its the conversation, and not the act of watching a video that matters, and in an English class, where the subject is language itself, does it really make sense to watch a video, Back to Basics: Resisting the Allure of web technology in the classroom.“ The use of technology in the classroom is not always a good idea for the already attention overdriven and overstimulated students of today. With so much information thrown at students today, they spend less time with their own thoughts and reflections, thus they are less and less self reliant when critically thinking. Some professionals use technology because it makes learning more accessible and easier for students, however this causes teachers to put less and less time into their curriculum, which is also reflected in the students work ethic.
- Although it is almost impossible to weigh every single pro and con of the use of technology in the classroom, we can consider some of the bigger issues and attempt to come to solutions for these problems. One solution is to make teachers more accountable by adhering more closely to standards set for the use of technology within the classroom. This is vital in the correct implementation of technology in the classroom for the achievement of students. The correct practices which were discussed earlier in this presentation have much overlap with the standards set by the ISTE. For example, According to the first NETS-T standard, Teachers must demonstrate a sound understanding of technology, this can be implemented by professional development in order for teachers to keep their skills up to date. The second standard set by NETS-T says teachers should plan and design effective learning environments. This standard relates to the second suggestion for correct implementation of technology which states that the application of technology should relate directly to the classroom curriculum. Last, the fourth standard set by NETS-T says that teachers should apply technology to facilitate effective assessment and evaluation of students, thus leading to individualized feedback, which is once again a practice of correctly implementing technology within the classroom. If teachers collectively met the standards set for the use of technology, the incorporation of technology would become more commonly expected. This in turn relates to the idea of equality. If technology is the norm within each and every classroom, the expectation is that technology will also be incorporated into the less wealthy school districts as well, decreasing the inequality gap and getting technology into the hands of students who otherwise would never have acquired the skills. These standards would also level the playing field within the job market because everyone would come out of school with roughly the same skill levels and experience in regards to technology.This also addresses the issue of dehumanization which occurs through the introduction of technology into technology. When sticking to clearly drawn out standards, the use of technology is effective, and the implementation is for reasons other than distraction.
- The Cost technology can be sky high and often deters school districts from implementing it into classrooms. On top of the initial cost of the technology itself, there is also maintenance to account for, and then the training required for using the technology. Although some school districts have an allotted allowance which is meant for the purchase of technology, often it is a one time allowance and once it is used there is no money left for technology for several years after it has become outdated. One solution to this problem would be to impose tax incentive. Companies with equipment which has not been fully depreciated could donate these to schools in return for a deduction on their income taxes. Also, to save costs for training teachers, those who take training courses on their own dime and time, can be given income tax credits as well. These solutions do not solve every problem associated with the cost of technology however it is a step in the right direction.When considering funding for educational technology, we must consider the dispersal of funds in order to ensure equity and the success of all students within schools. Lower income school districts have a more challenging time when it comes to funding for technology because of their limited resources, but also because of other challenges such as older buildings which were not equipped for technology and security issues. One solution for fund dispersal is cost equalization which balances the differences between districts in the costs for deploying technology so each school can reach similar goals.Another approach that can be taken to combat the cost of technology is to reduce the cost all together. This can be done through negotiations with providers for preferential rates for schools. This approach is also beneficial for those companies because students who are exposed to only those products will become comfortable and skilled with them, and thus will likely become future customers of the products as well.
- The use of technology within the classroom can be greatly effective when implemented in the correct ways. It is up to educators to correctly implement the and adhere to the NETS-T standards in order to ensure that technology is used effectively. Also, the costs of technology can be tackled if approached in creative ways.