This was an academic field work operated on Sitakunda,Chittaong,Bangladesh. All credits goes to Env-47 JAHANGIRNAGAR UNIVERSITY. All the contents were collected and documented by author.

1. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
DOCUMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
AND EVALUATION THEIR INTERACTIONS IN THE
ECOSYSTEM
Course Title: Field Work in Environmental Sciences-II
Course No: Env-2232
SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO
EKRAMUL HOQUE BHUIYAN FIELD COORDINATION TEAM
ROLL:385
B.Sc (Hons).2nd year 2nd semester
Session:2017-2018
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 12th March 2020

2. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At first I express my all thanks to almighty Allah, who manages each and everything
soundly. I want to thanks to those , who have helped us so much cordially with their
dedicated mind and their hard work.
 Md. Jamal Uddin
Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences
 Nandita Sarker
Lecturer, Department of Environmental Sciences
 Md. Mostafizur Rahman
Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences
 Sharmin Yousuf Rikta
Lecturer, Department of Environmental Sciences
Thanks to JU Medical Center,Register Office,Chairman (Department of Environmental Sciences)
,Lab Assisant, Jinnah & Ibrahim (cooker),YPSA, UNO (Sitakunda) and others who helps us to
complete this field work successfully. Specially thanks to Field Coordination Committee and my
friends who made this field work easier and enjoyable.

3. iii
Summary
We started our trip in 16th February 2020 from our department premises. In 17th Feb we had visited
BOTANICAL GARDEN & ECO-PARK, SITAKUNDA,CHATTAGRAM and Chandranath
Hill,SITAKUNDA. In 18th Feb we observed Lobonakkho Falls,Khoiyachara Falls and Mohamaya
Lake. We look on Bhatiari Lake (BMA),KR Ship Recycling Yard and Guliakhali Sea Beach in 19th
Feb. On the last day 20th Feb we observed Datmara Rubber Garden and Halda Valley Tea Garden.
We observed geological features,ecosystem, natural resources,wildlife,spices,social life and
challenges of the people occupy there and other biotic and abiotic factors.

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CONTENTS
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................1
Objectives .............................................................................................................................................1
Methodology.........................................................................................................................................2
Field equipments:..............................................................................................................................2
Observation and Findings .....................................................................................................................2
Base Camp ............................................................................................................................................2
Day 01: BOTANICAL GARDEN & ECO-PARK, Chandranath Hill,SITAKUNDA.........................3
BOTANICAL GARDEN & ECO-PARK....................................................................................................3
Geology:.........................................................................................................................................3
Flora:..............................................................................................................................................3
Fauna: ............................................................................................................................................3
Artificial environment....................................................................................................................3
Natural & Artificial Hazards...........................................................................................................3
Socio-economic Conditions:..........................................................................................................3
Chandranath Hill ...............................................................................................................................4
Day 2: Lobonakkho Falls,Khoiyachara Falls and Mohamaya Lake.....................................................5
Lobonakkho Falls...............................................................................................................................5
Khoiyachara Falls ..............................................................................................................................6
Mohamaya Lake................................................................................................................................7
Day 03:Bhatiari Lake (BMA),KR Ship Recycling Yard and Sandwip Channel Area .........................8
Bhatiari Lake .....................................................................................................................................8
KR Ship Recycling Yard......................................................................................................................8
Muradpur Fakirhat Area ...................................................................................................................9
Day 04: Datmara Rubber Garden and Halda Valley Tea Garden ......................................................10
Datmara Rubber Garden.................................................................................................................10
Halda Valley Tea Garden.................................................................................................................11
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................12

5. 1
Introduction
Field work is an integral part of environmental education. This field tour has been designed to
make a correlation between theorital and practical environment. We have successfully completed
our field trip in Sitakunda. Sitakunda and the adjoining areas offer excellent example of
topographic expression controlled by structural phenomenon. The general objective of the tour
was to identify the biotic and abiotic components of environment, how they exist in a particular
ecosystem and to identify the issues of environmental degradation.
Objectives
Evaluation of environmental processes, hazards, resources, land use and socioeconomic conditions of
an area.
1. To evaluate the natural and artificial processes of the study area and finding its role on
environment.
2. To listthe natural and artificial resourcesof the studyarea:Forestresources,Riverbasedresources,Soil
resources,Waterresources,Mineral andhydrocarbonresources:Solarenergyandwindenergyresources;
and artificial resources.
3. Identifythe possible hazard(natural andanthropogenic) of the studyareaandevaluate itsexisting
managementsystem.
4. To evaluate the socioeconomicconditionsof the studyareaandfindout the factors whichare controlling
it.
5. To learnhowto applyor use portable fieldequipments?How tocollectthe data?
6. To identifythe factorswhichare responsible tochange the environment.
7. Finallyprepare areporton fieldvisit.

6. 2
Methodology
1.Fieldobservationswill coverbytraverse methodandthroughphysical observations.
2.Fieldlecture anddemowill be carriedoutthroughinteractive way.
3. Collectingsample:rockandsoil sample were collected andHerbs,Shrubsandtree leaveswere collected
fromobservationarea.
4.Lithology andbiological featureswere describedbyfieldinstructors.
5.Portable equipmentswereusedfor metertape, pH,TDSandotherinsituobservations.
6.Fielddatawas collected throughtransactwalk,questionersurveyorpersonal interview.
7. A demofieldworkwasoperatedincampustoadapt in fieldandgetmaximumoutput.
Field equipments:
Differentequipmentsthatwere usedinsurveyingare:
1.pH ,TDS,EC meter
2. Distance measuringtape,compass,GPS & map of the studyarea.
3.SamplingBag& Bottle
Observationand Findings
Base Camp
Our base camp was YPSA HumanResource DevelopmentCenter,Sitakundabeside Dhaka-Chittagong
Highway.Theyprovide usgoodfacilityandservice.
Fig1:YPSA HRDC(basecamp)

7. 3
Day 01: BOTANICALGARDEN & ECO-PARK,Chandranath Hill,SITAKUNDA
BOTANICAL GARDEN & ECO-PARK
Thisis the firsteco-parkinBangladesh.Itwasestablishedin2001 on808 hectares.The mainpurposesof
creatingsuch ecoparks are storingbiodiversity,conservation.ItisanEvergreenForrest connectedwith
chandranathhill locatedat220
35’
98” N and 910
40’
11”
E. We have collected3types(Herb,Shurb,Tree)of
plantsample there andtookphotographsof wildanimal (Monkey).
Fig2:Enterance and3D mapof Botanical Gardenand Ecopark
Geology:Ruggedtopographywithphysiographicallyhillyarea,forms becauseof the squeezingof tectonics
duringMyosinAge surmagroupformation.
Flora:Bamboo,Cycas(endemic),Basil etc.
Fauna: Butterfly,Rook,Monkey,Beeetc.
Artificial environment:Watchtower,resthouse,cactus&orchidGarden and manyotherstructuresfor
mantainance andamusementof tourists
Natural & Artificial Hazards:A huge amontof plasticpollution,Landslide .deathof animalsby
transportationvehiclesetc.
Socio-economicConditions:because of the lackingsof securitymanyantisocial activitiesoccurslike drug
indication,Huntingetc.Mostof the people dependsontourismandnatural resourcesof Botanical Garden.

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Fig3:Cactusgardennad Bamboo
Chandranath Hill
The Chandranath Hill whichislocatedatthe east side of Sitakundacity,isabout1020 feet(around) high
and the highestplace inChittagongdistrict.Locatedat220
38’
2.56”
N and 910
41’
21.52”
E . It isa Decidous
Forrest. ChandranathTemple locatedontopof the ChandranathHill is a holyplace of pilgrimage of Hindu
Community.We hadobservedaBangladeshAirForce Base CampinOur way to ChandranathTemple.
Geological observation:Thinsoilhorizon,topsoil weatheredandorganicmatterriched.Olderrockinhill
top.western flanksharplystrokedandlessmoisture insoil.
Biological Observation:
Flora:Bamboo,Cane,Murta,Fern,Basilandclimbers.
Fauna:Monkey,Crow,Butterfly,Squirrel,Dogetc.

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Fig4:viewfromchandranathtemple,rocklayer
Socio-economiccondition:occupationsthatare common-Daylabourer,Pristetc. Pond,streamanddeep
tubewellsare usedfordrinkingwater.
Natural &Artificial Hazards:Landslide,Heavyrainfall,Plasticpollutionetc.There are ascarcity of water.
Day 2: Lobonakkho Falls,KhoiyacharaFalls and MohamayaLake
Lobonakkho Falls
SituatedatBaroiyadhalaUnion,Sitakunda.Due toshortage of time we couldnotgetintothe fall but we
observedalake,arubberdamand a gas producingfire fromgroundand Biodiversityaroundthere.We have
alsocollectedwatersample fromthere.Geological structuresthere wereanticline and‘V’shaped.Inthe Hot
Springhot watercame out fromsubsurface bringoutsalt andmineralsdissolvedwithit.Thatiswhy
LobonakkhoFallswatertastessalty anditcalledas LobonakkhoFall.Waterof thisfall ismainlymeteoric
water.

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Fig5:RubberDam,lake andHotspring.
Khoiyachara Falls
We reacheda marketby busand than we tookwalktowardthe fall.We stoppedin“Jharna Hotel”andagain
startedwalkingthroughhillyroadandfinallyreachedthere. The Khoiyachorawaterfallhasatotal of seven
majorwaterfalls andmanyisolatedsteps.Since the locationof the fountainisinKhoiyachoraunionof
Mirsarai Upazila,the waterfall hasbeennamed"KhoiyachoraWaterfall”.
Geological observation: Due tocontinouswatersupplythe structure aroundthe fall gotahard structure.
Biological Observation: we observed a large type of vegetation like
Banana,Bean,Bamboo,Persimmon etc and we also found a lizard.
Socio-economic condition: Most of the dweller depends on tourists and natural resources of forest
for living. There are also crops and agricultural land.
Natural &Artificial Hazards: Landslide,heavy rainfall etc. Tourists polluting the area day by day.
There are large number of polybag bottles scattered here and there.

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Fig6:A lizard, Khoiya chara
Mohamaya Lake
It isa large artificuial lake withrichBiodiversity. We observedthe lake byboat.there were alarge gathering
of tourists.small ilandswere seenonthe lake.People are alsoseencatchingfish.We have collectedwater
sample fromthe lake. There were adam protactingthe lake water. There were awaterfall connectedtothe
lake whichattracts tourists.
Fauna:Vultures,Diver,Egret,Eagleandlarge numberof fish.
Flora:Climbers,Reedandmanytall treesand Busheswere seen.
Socio-economiccondition:Dwellersthere sell differenttypesof productstothe tourists, catch fish,
Natural & Artificial Hazards: People through waste to the lake which is polluting water and boat
running on the lake creates wave on lake water which causes erosion and oil also polluting the lake
water.
Fig7:Mohamaya lake and Fall

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Day 03:Bhatiari Lake (BMA),KR Ship Recycling Yard and Sandwip Channel
Area
Bhatiari Lake
On day 3 we started with Bhatiari Lake which is situated beside BMA (Bangladesh Military
Academy). We also observed cultivation on Hill and vally. Vatiary lake was established to supply
water to BMA,Golf club,Fauzdarhat Cadet College.It is an well example of rainwater harvesting.
Geological observation: It is an artificial lake. Soil is mainly sandstone riched.some of the
sandstone has red scratch(Fe).
Fig8: Bhatiari lake
Natural resources: It has a enriched ecosystem. Green color of the lake indicates the higher load of
nutrient.There are a large number of fishes found in lake. There are one or two hilltop seen in the
lake.Though Tectona Grandis is exogenous but it is dominating there.
Socio-economic condition: Boating on lake and fishing had created economic opportunities.
Natural & Artificial Hazards: Stepping cultivation on hill and valley disturbs natural ecosystemand
soil erosion can be occurred. Heavy rainfall can overflow or destroy the dam.
KR Ship Recycling Yard
We reached there at 11:40 pm.After that we observed shipbreaking mechanismThe shipbreaking
industry is developed in our country for the cheap labour rate and profitable industry. The main

13. 9
process in shipbreaking is the gas cutting operation on a sea beach.After visting Ship Recycling Yard
we also take a look on Chittagong Sea Port and ships and containers by a boat.
Geological observation:It stands on a sea shore near Chittagong port. Shore area has a thick layer
of clay and the ships stands on them.
Socio-economic condition: It creates employment for a huge number of people. There are re-
rolling mills located in greater Chittagong and Dhaka districts which annually produces finished
rods for the construction industry. This industry completely depends on the ship-recycling yards for
raw materials. The shipbreakers collect all the furniture, utensils and sanitary wares of the ship and
sell them on wholesale basis. The local buyers of these goods sort them, repair and redesign and
then take them to specialised market, now known as the ship furniture market.
Natural & Artificial Hazards: Ships (particularly older vessels) can contain many substances that are
banned or considered dangerous in developed countries. Asbestos and polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) are typical examples. large quantities of highly toxic materials into the environment and
causing serious health problems among ship breakers, the local population and wildlife.
Muradpur Fakirhat Area
We reached there at 4:30 pm and observed a switch gate there.Then we moved for sea shore.In
sea shore forrest we collected Herb,Shurb and Tree sample.

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Geological observation: It is flood plain area. Tidal activity can be observed from there. The Switch
gate protect the Muradpur region from flooding, flash flood and salinity of water.
Biological Observation: On the shore carpet grass is grown. Plants grown up there have breathless
and prick.Crab,Frog were seen.
Socio-economic condition:Agriculture is the main occupation of the local people.
Natural & Artificial Hazards:Drinking water is one of the great problem. Natural Disasters like
cyclone,tsunami also causes damage to local people.
Day 04: DatmaraRubber Garden and HaldaValley Tea Garden
Datmara Rubber Garden
On 20th Feb 9:20 am we reached in the rubber garden.Line of trees without leaves were around us.
Each tree had a scratch in bark and a pot hang up with it to collect rubber juice.

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Fig9:Rubber Garden
Halda Valley Tea Garden
Our last destination was Halda Valley Tea Garden.We reached there at 11:30 am.We had observed
vermin composting ,tea plant processing system,different tea collection process,lifestyle of the
workers etc.They also cultivate Dragon Fruit.
Fig10: Vermin Composting and tea plant processing.
Geological observation: It is basically valley or mound.
Biological Observation: Obviously tea is the dominating plant here.There are some shade trees
with small leaves.
Artificial Environment:There are a vermin composting plant operated there. First in Bangladesh
underground water supply network covering the whole garden.

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Fig11:Tea Garden
Socio-economic condition: lifestyle of the workers of the garden are very poor . 1 kg of white tea
sold 12000 tk in market but the collectors get only 300 tk. As a result their lifestyle never changed.
Natural & Artificial Hazards: As they are depleting a huge land with only one type of vegetation it
hampers the biodiversity and many of the wild organisms lost their habitat due to it.
Conclusion
Field work is a part and parcel of academic study. Our theoretical knowledge is worthless without
field work. It is like a training of how we should deal with environmental problems.Now a days we
are using chemical fertilizer ,facing problem of drinking water,increasing salinity and toxicity in
water etc. From this field trip we know the cause these problems and how to eradicate them.It was
not only a course it was also an amusement trip.