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S E J A R A H P E R K E M B A N G A N
M A N A J E M E N O P E R A S I O N A L
Faktor penunjang
perkembangan
manajemen
operasional:
Adanya pembagian
kerja dan
spesialisasi
Revolusi industri
Perkembangan alat
dan tekhnologi
Perkembangan ilmu
dan metode kerja
PEMBAGIAN KERJA (DIVISION OF
LABOR) DAN SPESIALISASI
• Adam Smith “Wealth of Nations (1776) → pembagian kerja & spesialisasi akan
meningkatkan hasil produksi.
• Charles Babbage “On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures “ (1852) →
pentingnya pemakaian secara ekonomis & mengorganisir karyawan dalam
memproduksi barang secara efektif dan efisien.
• Revolusi industri → tindakan penggantian tenaga manusia dengan tenaga mesin
Dampak dari revolusi industri → perkembangan industri:
Bertambahnya penggunaan mesin
Efisiensi produksi batubara, besi dan baja
Pembangunan jalan kereta api, alat transportasi dan alat komunikasi
lainnya
Meluasnya system perbankan dan perkreditan
PERKEMBANGAN ALAT & TEKHNOLOGI
Sekitar tahun 1950 komputer banyak digunakan dalam manajemen operasional seperti manajemen
persediaan, skedulling produksi, pengendalian mutu dll
Tahun 1913 Henry ford mengembangkan assembling mobil yang pertama
Antara tahun 1798 dan 1800 Eli Whitney mengembangkan parts dan komponen yang dapat dipertukarkan
Tahun 1785 Cartwirght menciptakan alat tenun mesin yang pertama
Tahun 1779 Crompton menciptakan alat tenun yang disebut “Mule”
Tahun 1764 James watt’s menciptakan mesin uap
Tahun 1669 Arkwight menciptakan alat pemintal yang digerakan oleh tenaga air
Tahun 1664 Hargreves menciptakan alat pemintal yang disebut “Spining Jenny”
PERKEMBANGAN ILMU DAN METODE
KERJA
• FW Taylor → pentingnya pemakaian cara-cara ilmiah dalam pemecahan masalah
manajemen operasi. Penyelidikan ilmiah untuk metode kerja ini dikenal dengan “Time
and montion Studies”
• FW Harris (1915) → formula EOQ (Economics order Quantity) untuk manajemen
perediaan
• Shewart (1931) → model kuantitatif untuk pengendalian kualitas secara statistik
• George Dantzing (1947) → mengembangkan metode simplex dari linier programming
• Electronic data processing (EDP) dengan komputer
KUIS
• Jelaskan faktor-faktor yang menjadi pendorong manajemen operasi tumbuh dengan
pesat
• Mengapa FW Taylor disebut sebagai Bapak manajemen ilmiah? Jelaskan
• Mengapa revolusi industri terjadi di Inggris? Jelaskan

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Sejarah Manajemen Operasi

  • 1. S E J A R A H P E R K E M B A N G A N M A N A J E M E N O P E R A S I O N A L
  • 2. Faktor penunjang perkembangan manajemen operasional: Adanya pembagian kerja dan spesialisasi Revolusi industri Perkembangan alat dan tekhnologi Perkembangan ilmu dan metode kerja
  • 3. PEMBAGIAN KERJA (DIVISION OF LABOR) DAN SPESIALISASI • Adam Smith “Wealth of Nations (1776) → pembagian kerja & spesialisasi akan meningkatkan hasil produksi. • Charles Babbage “On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures “ (1852) → pentingnya pemakaian secara ekonomis & mengorganisir karyawan dalam memproduksi barang secara efektif dan efisien.
  • 4. • Revolusi industri → tindakan penggantian tenaga manusia dengan tenaga mesin Dampak dari revolusi industri → perkembangan industri: Bertambahnya penggunaan mesin Efisiensi produksi batubara, besi dan baja Pembangunan jalan kereta api, alat transportasi dan alat komunikasi lainnya Meluasnya system perbankan dan perkreditan
  • 5. PERKEMBANGAN ALAT & TEKHNOLOGI Sekitar tahun 1950 komputer banyak digunakan dalam manajemen operasional seperti manajemen persediaan, skedulling produksi, pengendalian mutu dll Tahun 1913 Henry ford mengembangkan assembling mobil yang pertama Antara tahun 1798 dan 1800 Eli Whitney mengembangkan parts dan komponen yang dapat dipertukarkan Tahun 1785 Cartwirght menciptakan alat tenun mesin yang pertama Tahun 1779 Crompton menciptakan alat tenun yang disebut “Mule” Tahun 1764 James watt’s menciptakan mesin uap Tahun 1669 Arkwight menciptakan alat pemintal yang digerakan oleh tenaga air Tahun 1664 Hargreves menciptakan alat pemintal yang disebut “Spining Jenny”
  • 6. PERKEMBANGAN ILMU DAN METODE KERJA • FW Taylor → pentingnya pemakaian cara-cara ilmiah dalam pemecahan masalah manajemen operasi. Penyelidikan ilmiah untuk metode kerja ini dikenal dengan “Time and montion Studies” • FW Harris (1915) → formula EOQ (Economics order Quantity) untuk manajemen perediaan • Shewart (1931) → model kuantitatif untuk pengendalian kualitas secara statistik • George Dantzing (1947) → mengembangkan metode simplex dari linier programming • Electronic data processing (EDP) dengan komputer
  • 7. KUIS • Jelaskan faktor-faktor yang menjadi pendorong manajemen operasi tumbuh dengan pesat • Mengapa FW Taylor disebut sebagai Bapak manajemen ilmiah? Jelaskan • Mengapa revolusi industri terjadi di Inggris? Jelaskan