Body of the housefly is covered with sticky secretions from the glandular hairs and bristles. Gather disease causing pathogens, brought about by its habit of flying between faeces and human food. Spreads bacillary dysentery, diarrhoea, food poisoning, cholera, typhoid, poliomyelitis, conjunctivitis etc.

1. HOUSE FLY, Musca domestica
MANAGEMENT
Your Company Details

2. Housefly acts as a vector and transmit
diseases :
 Body of the housefly is covered with sticky
secretions from the glandular hairs and bristles.
 Gather disease causing pathogens, brought
about by its habit of flying between faeces and
human food.
 Spreads bacillary dysentery, diarrhoea, food
poisoning, cholera, typhoid, poliomyelitis,
conjunctivitis etc.

4. Egg
 The eggs are about 1mm long, glistening white.
 Laid in clusters of 75 to 150 eggs in a variety of
breeding material like rotting garbage,
fermenting horse dung, spilled animal feeds,
accumulated grass clippings or soil
contaminated with any of the above items.
 The time taken for the eggs to hatch varies
according to temperature from about 8 hrs to 3
days.

7. Larva
 The larvae is white, legless & conical in shape,
tapering at the head end.
The larvae burrow into the breeding medium &
complete development in 3 days to several
weeks depending on the temperature & quality
of the food material.
 The larvae migrate to drier and cooler place to
pupate.

9. Pupa
 Pupation usually takes place in dry areas of
soil/manure where larva bury itself to a depth
of 3 to 30 cm.
 The pupa is barrel shaped with rounded ends. It
is at first pale yellow in colour but then darkens
to reddish brown and finally to dark brown or
black.
 The pupal period is from 3 to 28 days before
emerging as adult.
 Adults break the pupa with the help of ptilinum
present on head

11. Adult
 They have non-biting, sponging mouth parts
 Feed on liquid and semisolid food also feed on
solid food particles by liquefying through
secretions from crop and saliva
 Housefly has two pairs of wings, only one pair is
functional wing i.e. forewing and Hind wing
reduced as halters help in maintaining balance
during flight
 The sensory organ (Gustatory) on last segment
of legs

13. Resting places
 The adult flies may migrate to areas up to 20 miles
away, but most stay within one or two miles of the
breeding site.
 During the day, house flies rest less than 5 feet
above the ground, floors, walls, steps, latrine pits,
garbage cans, clothes, grasses, weeds etc.
 At night they rest above this height, ceilings and
other overhead structures but normally inactive.
 Use white spot cards for the monitoring of adults

14. Management Practices :
Integrated approach using several control
strategies are necessary for desirable control of
flies.
Breeding places Management
The management of manure involves several variables:
Moisture, Drying rate, Depth, Frequency of removal,
removal technique & subsequent processing.
Moisture control involves good drainage and fixing of
any water leaks.

15. Trapping
Traps can be used to reduce fly populations. The flies are
attracted to the bait at the bottom of trap.
The bait prepared from corn meal and molasses ferments and
attract houseflies. Yeast can be added to the mixture to speed up
fermenting process.
Keeping the bait moist is essential to successful baiting. Liquid bait
containing yeast and ammonium carbonate can also be used. Flies
get attracted towards the bait and because the opening in the top of
the cone is the brightest spot they are attracted and trapped in outer
cylinder.
Trap placement is critical, the prevailing winds should blow from
your trap towards the area where flies are most likely being
generated.

17. Hosuefly bait
 1 kg granulated sugar
 1 kg baking powder
 120 g yeast
 360 g air-dried blood or freeze dried fish meal
 ¼ cup honey
 2 tablespoon water
 Mix the ingredients thoroughly. Press the mixture into plastic ice cubes tray for
making cubes.
 Place the bait in a wide mouth pan beneath trap.
(Beltsville)

18. Ultraviolet light traps with electrocuting
grids and sticky fly paper traps are useful for
indoor use.
They are non selective and kill the
beneficial and other insects also.

19. Sticky Traps
Odor Attraction Traps

20. Chemical control
(A) Larvicide :
Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) such as
Cyromazine and Diflubenzuron interfere with
moulting process of larvae and kill them. These
are mixed in the feed or applied at breeding places.
Regular monitoring and identification of breeding
sites is necessary for spot application.
Use of IGRs is safe and will not cause any harm to
natural enemies. The excessive use may lead to
development of resistance.

21. (B) Adulticides
(i) Space sprays
The droplet size is very small and the
toxicant suspend in the air for long time and
kill active flying adults. Insecticide with low
mammalian toxicity and having quick knock
down effects viz. propoxur, pyrethrin,
cypermethrin, deltamethrin, ethofenprox etc.
are used. Mist blowers are is good for
application of space sprays.

22. (ii) Surface or Residual sprays
These are applied as a wet spray rather than a
mist and they leave a toxic layer of either crystals or film
on evaporation of the carrier.
They provide relatively slow knock down but have
long lasting effect. These sprays are applied in the
places where flies rest which are picked up by flies on
contact with these surfaces.
Insecticides like malathion, Beta cyfluthrin,
cyfluthrin, K-othrine, chlorpyriphos etc. are used.

23. Baiting
The baits attract the flies, stimulate feeding and
kill them. These are applied in nearby area of
breeding and resting places wherever flies
congregate.
The attractants like molasses, jaggery, sugar
crystals are used alongwith insecticides such as
dichlorvos, methomyl, propoxur and imidacloprid are
used for preparation of baits.
The use of pheromone 9-tricocene increases
the attractiveness of bait.

24. Note:- Before using any insecticides,
read label carefully and take necessary
precautions while application.

25. #ATMANIRBHAR_BHARAT
To Get Editable PPT Email Us