Each bag of seed has a label which contains the seed's history. This label is issued to the seed producer. Each bag of seed has a blue label which contains the seed's history. This label is issued to the seed producer

1. Seed Traceability
Dileep Kumar Tiwari
Linkedin Profile:-
https://www.linkedin.c
om/in/dileep-kumar-
tiwari-4736b620

2. Overview of Seed
144346 Nos. Seed dealers
6885 Nos. Seed Variety notified
130 Nos. Seed Testing Laboratories In India
21 Nos. Seed Certification Agencies
Seed Multiplication Seed Sampling Seed Testing
Seed Certification
THE SEEDS ACT, 1966 (ACT NO. 54 OF 1966) - An Act to provide for regulating the
quality of certain seeds for sale, and for matters connected therewith
Status:

3. • Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare-GoI
• NSRTC-National Seed Research And Training Centre
• SFCI- State Farms Corporation Of India Limited
• NSC- National Seed Corporation
• PPV&FRA-Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers'
Rights Act
• State Governments- Directors/Joint Directors
• State Seed Corporations-
• Cooperatives-IFFCO, KRIBHCO,
• ICAR- Indian Council of Agricultural Research
• ICAR Research Institute/Universities/KVKs(Krishi
Vigyan Kendra)
Organizations involved

4.  Poor Seed
 Poor Soil
 Drought
 Climatic factor
 Pest
 Disease
Factors affecting low yield

5. 1- Nuclear seed
• 100% Genetically Pure.
• Produced by:- Original breeder/Institute /State Agriculture University (SAU).
• Certificate issued by- pedigree certificate is issued by Producing Breeder.
2- Breeder seed
• 100% Genetically Pure
• Produced by:- The progeny of nucleus seed multiplied in large area as per indented by
DAC&FW, MOA&FW
• Certificate issued by- Producing Breeder
• Colour Tag- Golden yellow colour.
3- Foundation seed
• 100% Genetically Pure,
• Produced by:- The progeny of breeder seed produced by recognized seed producing
agencies in public and private sector
• Certificate issued by- Seed certification agencies.
• Colour Tag- white colour certificate.
4- Foundation seed
• 100% Genetically Pure,
• Produced by:- The progeny of foundation seeds
• Certificate issued by- Seed certification agencies.
• Colour Tag-Purple colour certificate
Class of Seeds

6. a)Three - Generation model
Breeder seed - Foundation seed - Certified seed
b)Four - Generation model
Breeder seed - Foundation seed (I) Foundation seed (II) -
Certified seed
c)Five - Generation model
Breeder seed - Foundation seed (I)- Foundation seed (II) -
Certified seed (I) - Certified seed (II)
Generation Model

7. 2
Weed Control Management
Plant ProtectionNutrient Management
Crop Requirement Water Management
Harvesting
Selection of Varieties Sowing1 3 4 5
6 7
8
2
What can I
intercrop with
Tomato to get
higher
production?
Production
Post-harvest
Handling
How should I dry
my tomato to get
the highest
grade?
Marketing Sale
Should we
sell now or
wait?
Protection
How can I
protect my
crop ?
FarmerQuestion
Crop Cycle based information

8. Sampling
Physical Purity
Germination
Moisture test
Process flow of Seed Testing Laboratories (STL)

9. Receipt and Registration of Samples
Seed Samples Received for Testing
Physical Purity Analysis
Germination Testing
Determination of Genuineness of Cultivars
Determination of weight, Moisture.
Seed Health Test- Detection of Disease, Insects,
Nematodes, Plant Parasites
Process flow of Seed Testing Laboratories (STL)

10. Pure Seed minimum
Inter matter (maximum)
Other crop seeds (maximum)
Weed seeds (maximum)
Objectionable weed seeds (maximum)
Germination (minimum)
Moisture (maximum) Normal container
Seed Standards for Foundation and Certified and Minimum Limits for Labelling

11. Physical Attribute StorabilityGenetic AttributesPhysiological Attributes
• Minimum of
damaged sees,
• Amount of Seed or
inner matter
• Diseased sees)
• Germination %
• Seed vigour
• Seed of same
variety
• Adopted to local
condition
• Pest and disease
tolerance
• HY ability
• Moisture content
• Temperature of
the environment
• Seed treatment
Main Attributes of Seed

12. Foundation
Seed
Certified seed -I
Certified seed -I
Certified seed -
II
Producing Agency
Breeder/Institute
Seed Producing
agencies
Quality Control
Farmers
Expert
Scientists
DAC&FW
Public Sector-
-NSC
--SSC
-SFCI
Private Sector
Concerned
Breeder/Institution/Nominated
Breeder
Maintain Breeding
Monitoring by
Certification Agency
Seed Certification
Agency
Production and distribution chain of notified Varieties

13.  Origin of the propagating material: Source of seed
 Field Inspection : Evaluation of the growing crop
 Sample inspection: Laboratory tests.
 Control plot testing: Results based on field inspection.
 Grow-out test: Growing plants are observed for the varietal
purity.
Process followed in Seed certification

14. Official Release of the Cultivars at Central and State Levels
• Release of cultivars is to introduce the newly evolved varieties
• Farmers to choose cultivars for cultivation in a region.
• The Central Seeds Committee constituted Committee for Notification &
Release of Varieties
• State Seed Sub-Committee (SSSC) were also similar functions for release at
State level.
Notification of Cultivars
• After official release (at State as well as Central levels), the cultivars are
notified under the Seeds Act.
• Implementation of Seed Law Enforcement,
• Empower the Seed Inspectors to verify the quality
• The notification is made by the Central Government on the recommendation
of the Central Seed Committee.
• The proposals for notification of a State-important variety are forwarded in
the prescribed format by the State government after its release in that State
to the Central Seed Committee for consideration.
Release/Notification of Variety

15. State
Government
ICAR
Government of
India
ICAR
Institutions
Indent of Breeder Seed
Foundation seed
Certified Seed
Allocation for
Production
Production of Breeder
Seed
Allocation for
Production
Lifting
Agencies
Distributor
Agencies
Foundation seed to Citified Seed
Production of Breeder
Seed
Production of Breeder
Seed
Farmer
Seed Supply Chain

16. State Seed
Corporation
Dealers
Sale
Counters
Societies
Double lock
Agriculture
Department
Schemes
Mini Kit
Agriculture
University
NSC KRIBHCO IFFCO Private Sector
Dealers
Self Sale
Seed
Cooperative
Farmers
Different channels of seed supply to the Farmers by public and private sector

17. <Village>
<Variety>
<Sowing date>
Check list Inspection Seed ShopCertification FarmerSeed bag
Server
Government of
India
State Government
ICAR
Public
Private
Based on the
Class of Seed
Production
chain
Seed Production
Variety Selection &
Releases
Quality Control
Certification
Marketing Channel Farmers
Traceability of Seed

18. Always procure certified seeds from authorized
agencies and store the seeds in a cool, dry and
clean place.
Always use treated seeds for sowing and test for
quality parameters like purity, germination, free
from weed seed etc., before sowing