ALL TYPES OF CANCER

1. By DEVA,

3. Agenda for cancer lecture…
1. DEFINITION.
2. MAJOR CATEGORIES.
3. PROBLEM STATEMENT.
4. TIME TRENDS.
5. CANCER PATTERNS.
6. CAUSES OF CANCER .
7. CANCER CONTROL .
8. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SELECTED
CANCERS.
9. SUMMARY.
10. REFERENCES.

4. Definition
 Cancer is an abnormal growth of
cells which has ability to involve
adjacent tissues and even distant
organs and eventual death of the
affected person if the tumour has
progressed to the stage where it
cannot be treated.

5. Major categories of cancer
• Carcinoma sarcoma

6. Leukaemias,myelomas,
lymphomas.
Lymphoma leukaemia myeloma

7. Problem statement
• world: In 2018,the global burden of cancer rose
• Its estimated about 18 million new cases and 9 million
death. ACCORDING to globocan(who)
The most commonly diagnosed cancer were….
LUNG CANCER- 2.09 MILLION
BREAST CANCER-2.08 MILLION
COLORECTAL CANCER-1.8MILLION
PROSTATE CANCER-1.2MILLION
STOMACH CANCER-1.03MILLION

8. IN INDIa………
• ICMR
• NATIONAL CANCER REGISTRY PROGRAMME
provides data on incidence, mortality and
distribution of cancer. Prevalence is about 3.8
million and the incidence rate is about 1.1
million.
• DALYS - top 10 cancer in india .

9. Cancer patterns
• Time trends……..

10. Causes of cancer
• ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR -80-90%

11. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS……..
Hepatitis B&C – HEPATOCARCINOMA
HIV INFECTION –KAPOSI SARCOMA
AIDS – NON HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA
EPSTEIN~BAR VIRUS –BURKITTS LYMPHOMA
AND NASOPHARYNGEAL Ca
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS –KAPOSI SARCOMA
PAPPILOMA VIRUS –CERVIX CANCER

12. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES
• 1-2 % RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL HUMAN CANCER
.

13. • PARASITES

14. GENETIC FACTORS ….
• RETINOBLASTOMA..

15. CANCER CONTROL

18. PRIMARY PREVENTION
1.HIGH RISK STRATEGY:
NURSES ROLE:
2.POPULATION STRATEGY:
-WARNING SIGNS OF CANCER
-PERSONALAND GENITAL HYGIENE
-EXERCISE
-BSE
-TSE
-DIET
-TREATMENT OF PRECANCEROUS LESHIONS
-LEGISLATIVE AND RESTRICTIVE MEASURES

19. SECONDARY PREVENTION
• CANCER REGISTRATION :
HOSPITAL BASED REGISTRATION
POPULATION BASED REGISTRATION
EARLY DETECTION OF CASES
Tx…

20. Tertiary prevention
• DISABILITY LIMITATION
• REHABILITATION

21. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SELECTED CANCER
• ORAL CANCER
• CANCER CERVIX
• BREAST CANCER
• LUNG CANCER
• STOMACH CANCER

22. ORAL CANCER
• EPIDEMIOLOGY:
• EPIDEMILOGICAL FEATURES:
TOBACCO:
ALCOHOL:
PRECANCEROUS STAGE:
CULTURAL PATTERNS

23. CANCER CERVIX
• EPIDEMIOLOGY
• NATURAL HISTORY(A PROGRESSIVE COURSE):
• CAUSATIVE AGENT
• RISK FACTORS
• PREVENTION AND CONTROL

25. CANCER BREAST
 EPIDEMIOLOGY
 RISK FACTORS
 Age
 Family history
 Parity
 Age of menarche and menopause
 Hormonal factors
 Diet and socio economic status
 Radiation and ocp

26. prevention
Primary- eliminate risk factors
-cancer education.
-promotion of physical
activity
Secondary-early diagnosis
a) bse
b) Palpation
c) Thermography
d) mamography

28. Lung cancer
 MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM:
 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES:
 Smoking ,other factors
 PREVENTION:
1. PRIMARY PREVENTION…………..
2. SECONDARY PREVENTION……….
 PROGNOSIS.

30. stomach cancer
Remains ……
Classified into 2 topographical categories.
Risk factors
PREVENTION.
1. PRIMARY PREVENTION………
2. SECONDARY PREVENTION…..
 Prognosis….

31. reference
• Park . k ,textbook of preventive
and social medicine ,25th
edition, banarsidas bhanot
• pg no:411-420.