REPORT dee

SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT Sobha Ltd
SUMMER INTERNSHIP REPORT
(23TH June ’15 TO 21TH July’15)
INTERNATIONAL CITY GURGAON
SECTOR-109, DWARKA EXPRESSWAY
Gurgaon 122001, Haryana
Project Assigned
CLUB HOUSE
Compiled by –
DEEPAKSINGH AITHEMIA
(Departmentof CIVIL Engineering)
SHIVALIK COLLEGE OFENGINEERING,DEHRADUN
Submitted to-
DESMOND BARNARD
(ROAD MASTER)
INTERNATIONAL CITY, SOBHA LTD.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am very thankful to Sobha Limited for giving me the
opportunity to undertake my summer training at their International
City Project. It was a very good learning experience for me to work
on this site as this project involved many new and unique construction
techniques and challenges.
I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to Er. DESMOND
BARNARD (PROJECT HEAD Infra Structure) and Er. ANUBHAV
GAURAV (A.P.M CLUB HOUSE) who directed me in this project
and gave an insight in it to what the project is all about.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank allthe department
heads and the staff of Sobha Limited forgivingtheir precioustime and
valuableguidance.
DEEPAK SINGH AITHEMIA

SHIVALIK COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEHRADUN
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work presented in the Training on
“INTERNATIONAL CITY GURGAON (CLUB HOUSE)”
is mine and to the best of my knowledge has not been
submitted/undertaken elsewhere.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SITE PLAN
2.0 INTRODUCTION TO SOBHA
2.1 OVERVIEW
SOBHA LTD.
PROJECT - CLUB HOUSE, INTERNATIONAL CITY
1. REINFORCEMENT
2. SHUTTERING (FORMWORK)
3. CONCRETING
4. SLUMP TEST
5. COMPACTIONMACHINES
6. DEWATERING ARRANGEMENTFROM BASEMENT1
7. SLAB AND BEAM
8. SAFTEY
9 CONCLUSION
10. BIBLIOGRAPHY

SITE PLAN

INTRODUCTION
SOBHA LIMITED
 It is one of the largest and the only fully fledged backward integrated real
estate in the country.
 This organisation has SOBHA was introduced in India in 1994. IT is
MultinationalCompany.
 headquartered in Bangalore and Today this organization has turnover
around Rs 25 billion.
 primarily focused on residential and contractualprojects.
 Our residential projects include presidential villas, row houses, luxury and
super luxury apartments, and plotted development complete with foremost
amenities.
 On the contractual front, this company constructed a wide variety of
structures for the corporate world including corporate offices, convention
centres, software development blocks, multiplex theatres, hostel facilities,
guest houses, food courts, restaurants, research centres and club houses.
 Sobha hasmadea footprint in 24 cities and 13 states across in India.
 We are a process driven organization and amongst the first companies in the
industry to obtain the ISO 9001 certification. We have also received the
OHSAS 18001:2007 and ISO 14001:2004 certifications for Environmental,
Health and Safety ManagementSystems.
 Our company and its leadership team have been honoured with over 140
prestigious awardsby various reputed institutions.
 Sobha is an organization that is highly focused on delivering international
quality products in a timely mannerwith utmost perfection.

INTERNATIONAL CITY, GURGAON
International City – Villa liferightat the edgeof Delhi
 International City - a 150 acre exclusive villa community is located in the
vicinity of Indira GandhiInternationalAirport, New Delhi.
 It is right next to the upcoming Dwarka Expressway and is the closest
villa community to New Delhi. Located in sectors 109, 106 and 108
Gurgaon, International City is only a 25 minute’s drive from posh South
Delhi locales such as Vasant Vihar West End, Shanti Niketan as well as
the business hub of Gurgao
 International City is a secured and low density villa community with just 6
plots per acre.
 International City isdivided into four phases. Phase 1st is spread across 36
acres in Sector 109, Phase 2nd is over 43 acres in Sector 109, Phase 3rd
and 4th cover over 81 acres in Sector 106 and 108,Gurgaon.
 With well-designed roads, environment friendly initiatives like rain water
harvesting, organic waste convertors, WTPs and STPs, along with 24 hour
powerback-up and 3 tier security systems, International City provides for a
hasslefree living.

Sobha Group Core Values
 Respect for the individual
 Service to the individuals
 Excellence in the pursuit of our goals
Management Team
 Chairman(Emirates) : Mr. P.N.C. Menon
 Chairman : Mr. RaviMenon
 Vice Chairman andManaging Director : Mr. J.C. Sharma
 Deputy ManagingDirector : Mr. Ramakrishna
 Executive Vice President : Mr. Raju Balan
 Project Head : Mr. Desmond Barnard
 Assistant Project Manager : Mr. AnubhavGaurav

Customer Segment:-
 Infosys,
 Taj Group,
 Dell
 HP
 Timken
 Bosch
 Biocon,
 Institute of PublicEnterprises (IPE),
 Hotel Leela, Ventures etc.

Project Information of International City Gurgaon – Club
House:-
Information on Staff and Labour:
NAMES NO.
No of AM,PM,SPM 1
No of PE
Total staff strength 5
Total of execution staff 2
EVP,SVP 1
No of DGM 0
No. of PQS ( CA and PE) costing 1
No. of Engineers 1
No. of Supervisors
No. of Foremen
No. of Electrical
Engineers/Supervisors
No. of Plumbing
Engineers/Supervisors

Structure Information:
Type of footings Isolated, Isolated step and
Combined
No. of footings and its typical 66
No. of columns and its typical 90
Quantity of Steel in MT 532.72
General Information:
DESCRIPTION DETAILS
Super Built-up Area in ft2
66,021.91
No. of floors B2+B1+G+4
Super Built-up Area in ft2
66,021.91
Typical Plot area in ft2
89,938.07
Plot Dimensions
Estimation and Cost Information:
Total Estimated construction
cost per ft2
66,021.91
Prorate cost per ft2
886.09
As on date actual cost per ft2
900.48

Variance cost per ft2
(14.39)
Total value of stock at site ( per
sq. ft on SBA )
159.18
Establishment cost per day or
preliminaries per day or over
head cost per day
29,985.45
Plant and Machinery cost per
day
24,635.08
Quantity of steel per ft2
of SBA
in Kg
8.06
Information on Planning:
Baseline Start Date 15-Oct-14
Baseline End Date 7-oct-16
No. of Months 18
No of days completed 186
No of days remaining for
completion of project as
schedule
355

REINFORCEMENT
3.1) Introduction
Steel reinforcements are used, generally, in the form of bars of circular
cross section in concrete structure. They are like a skeleton in human
body. Plain concrete without steel or any other reinforcement is strong
in compression but weak in tension. Steel is one of the best forms of
reinforcements, to take care of those stresses and to strengthen
concreteto bear all kinds of loads
Mild steel bars conforming to IS: 432 (Part I) and Cold-worked steel
high strength deformed bars conforming to IS: 1786 (grade Fe 415 and
grade Fe 500, where 415 and 500 indicate yield stresses 415 N/mm2
and 500 N/mm2 respectively) are commonly used. Grade Fe 415 is
being used most commonly nowadays. This has limited the use of plain
mild steel bars because of higher yield stress and bond strength
resulting in saving of steel quantity. Some companies have brought

thermo mechanically treated (TMT) and corrosion resistant steel (CRS)
barswith added features.
Bars range in diameter from 6 to 50 mm. Cold-worked steel high
strength deformed bars start from 8 mm diameter. For general house
constructions, bars of diameter 6 to 20 mm are used Transverse
reinforcements are very important. They not only take care of
structural requirements but also help main reinforcements to remain
in desired position. They play a very significant role while abrupt
changesor reversal of stresses likeearthquakeetc.
They should be closely spaced as per the drawing and properly tied to
the main/longitudinalreinforcement

Fig : providing reinforcement in slab
3.2 Terms used in Reinforcement
3.2.1) Bar-bending-schedule
Bar-bending-schedule is the schedule of reinforcement bars prepared in
advance before cutting and bending of rebars. This schedule contains
all detailsof size, shape and dimension of rebars

3.2.2) Lap length
Lap length is the length overlap of bars tied to extend the reinforcement
length.. Lap length about 50 times the diameter of the bar is considered
safe. Laps of neighboring bar lengths should be staggered and should
not be provided at one level/line. At one cross section, a maximum of
50% bars should be lapped. In case, required lap length is not available
at junction becauseof spaceand other
constraints, bars can be joined with couplers or welded (with correct
choiceof method of welding).
.2.3) Anchorage Length
This is the additional length of steel of one structure required to be
inserted in other at the junction. For example, main bars of beam in
column at beam column junction, column bars in footing etc. The length
requirement is similar to the lap length mentioned in previous question
or as per the design instructions

3.2.4)Cover block
Cover blocks are placed to prevent the steel rods from touching the
shuttering plates and there by providing a minimum cover and fix the
reinforcements as per the design drawings. Sometimes it is commonly
seen that the cover gets misplaced during the concreting activity. To
prevent this, tying of cover with steel bars using thin steel wires called
binding wires (projected from cover surface and placed during making
or casting of cover blocks) is recommended. Covers should be +0made of
cement sand mortar (1:3). Ideally,cover should have strength similar to
the surrounding concrete, with the least perimeter so that chances of
water to penetrate through periphery will be minimized. Provision of
minimum covers as per the Indian standards for durability of the whole
structureshould be ensured.
Shape of the cover blocks could be cubical or cylindrical. However, cover
indicates thickness of the cover block. Normally, cubical cover blocks

are used. As a thumb rule, minimum cover of 2” in footings, 1.5” in
columnsand 1” for other structuresmay be ensured
Structural
element
Cover to reinforcement (mm)
Footings 50
Columns 40
Slabs 20
Beams 25
Retaining
wall
25 for earth face
20 for other face
Chairs: Chairs are used for slabs and it should be placed just before concreting, to
avoid any deformation or displacement of the top bars due to human traffic on the
slab.
RCC element Cover Distribution
Footing 50mm 4 no./sq.m
Columns &
pedestals
40mm 1 no. per side for every 0.5 m length
in both horizontals and verticals
directions
Beams 25mm 1 no. per side for every 0.5 m length
in both horizontals and verticals
directions
Slabs 20mm 1 no./sq.m

Testing of steel:
The steel that arrives at the site should be visibly checked for any discrepancies.
Deformed, severely corroded, cracked and split bars should be rejected.
Samples should be taken for lab tests such as:
 Rolling margin test (to determine the weight per unit length of steel)
 Bend and re-bend test (to determine the ability of the metallic materials to
undergo Plastic deformation in bending)
Normal by reinforcement fittmistakesers:
 Spacing of the bar differ
 Each alternate junction of bars is not tied with binding wires.
 Direction not proper, Column base is not tied to footing mesh.
 COLUMNS
 Initially a stirrup has to be tied to the mat by monitoring the marking as
shown.
 Then column rods are placed on the mat according to the specification.
 Anchorage length for main rods should be 25d or 300mm as shown.
 Corner rods must be placed 45o inclined to column axis as shown, for
proper distribution of load.
Things to Note
Reinforcement should be free from loose rust, oil paints, mud etc. it should be cut,
bent and fixed properly. The reinforcement shall be placed and maintained in
position by providing proper cover blocks, spacers, supporting bars, laps etc.

Reinforcements shall be placed and tied such that concrete placement is possible
without segregation, and compaction possible by an immersion vibrator.
For any steel reinforcement bar, weight per running meter is equal to d*d/162 Kg,
where d is diameter of the bar in mm. For example, 10 mm diameter bar will weigh
10×10/162 = 0.617 Kg/m
Three types of bars were used in reinforcement of a slab. These include straight
bars, crank bar and an extra bar. The main steel is placed in which the straight
steel is binded first, then the crank steel is placed and extra steel is placed in the
end. The extra steel comes over the support while crank is encountered at distance
of ¼(1-distance between the supports) from the surroundings supports.
For providing nominal cover to the steel in beam, cover blocks were used which
were made of concrete and were casted with a thin steel wire in the center which
projects outward. These keep the reinforcement at a distance from bottom of
shuttering. For maintaining the gap between the main steel and the distribution
steel, steel chairs are placed between them
Weight of rebar per meter length = D2/162 …Kg/m, where ‘D’ diameter of the bars.
Structural members are of two types:
1. Compression member
2. Tension member
1) Compression Members
Ex: Column, Retaining Wall etc.
2) Tension Members
Ex: Beam, Slab etc.

3.3 SHUTTERING/FORMWORK:-
The ‘SHUTTERING’ or ‘FORMWORK’ includes all forms, moulds, sheeting, shuttering
planks, walrus, poles, posts, standards, ledgers, V-Heads, struts, and structure, ties,
walling steel rods, bolts, wedges, and all other temporary supports to the concrete
during the process of sheeting. Formworks are generally made by the timber,
plywood, steel, etc.
On our site, for columns, walls, Beams, staircase standard quality Plywood sheets
are used and for raft foundation GI sheets are used and for slabs Flat plate system
are used.
Fig: formwork column fig: shuttering of slab
MAINLY GUIDENCE USED FOR CREATING OFTHE SHUTTERING:-
 All marking of formwork first of should be completed. Then the shuttering
boards, which are ready for use, are placed along the marking.

 Using a spirit level, the inner side of the plywood, Plywood are mainly
checked in vertically.
 For column, column starter is fixed to make sure that the column is located at
the right place and Starters are mainly used in steel.
 In case of retaining wall to keep both sides fixing bolt is provided using
gauge plate, tie rod and for column tie rod is provided, which pass through
the concrete..
 Foam strip should be placed between the boards to prevent slurry loss during
concreting.
 Plumb bob should be fixed on the external sides to check the verticality
during quality checking.
 In case of formwork of slab the level is checked by instrument likes; Tape,
Water Level Pipe, theodolite, Line Thread and spirit level meter.
FORM WORK
Forms or moulds or shutters are the receptacles in which concrete is placed, so that
it will have the desired shape or outline when hardened. Once the concrete develops
adequate strength, the forms are removed. Forms are generally made of the
materials like timber, plywood, steel, etc.
Generally camber is provided in the formwork for horizontal members to
counteract the effect of deflection caused due to the weight of reinforcement and
concrete placed over that. A proper lubrication of shuttering plates is also done
before the placement of reinforcement. The oil film sandwiched between concrete
and formwork surface not only helps in easy removal of shuttering but also
prevents loss of moisture from the concrete through absorption and evaporation.

The steel form work was designed and constructed to the shapes, lines and
dimensions shown on the drawings. All forms were sufficiently water tight to
prevent leakage of mortar. Forms were so constructed as to be removable in
sections. One side of the column forms were left open and the open side filled in
board by board successively as the concrete is placed and compacted except when
vibrators are used. A key was made at the end of each casting in concrete columns
of appropriate size to give proper bondings to columns and walls as per relevant IS.
CLEANING AND TREATMENTOF FORMS
All rubbish, particularly chippings, shavings and saw dust, was removed from the
interior of the forms (steel) before the concrete is placed. The form work in contact
with the concrete was cleaned and thoroughly wetted or treated with an approved
composition to prevent adhesion between form work and concrete. Care was taken
that such approved composition is kept out of contact with the reinforcement.
DESIGN
The form-work should be designed and constructed such that the concrete can be
properly placed and thoroughly compacted to obtain the required shape, position,
and levels subject

ERECTION OF FORMWORK
The following applies to all formwork:
a) Care should be taken that all formwork is set to plumb and true to line and level.
b) When reinforcement passes through the formwork care should be taken to
ensure close fitting joints against the steel bars so as to avoid loss of fines during
the compaction of concrete.
c) If formwork is held together by bolts or wires, these should be so fixed that no
iron is exposed on surface against which concrete is to be laid.
d) Provision is made in the shuttering for beams, columns and walls for a port hole
of convenient size so that all extraneous materials that may be collected could be
removed just prior to concreting.
e) Formwork is so arranged as to permit removal of forms without jarring the
concrete. Wedges, clamps, and bolts should be used where practicable instead of
nails.
f) Surfaces of forms in contact with concrete are oiled with a mould oil of approved
quality. The use of oil, which darkens the surface of the concrete, is not allowed.
Oiling is done before reinforcement is placed and care taken that no oil comes in
contact with the reinforcement while it is placed in position. The formwork is kept
thoroughly wet during concreting and the whole time that it is left in place.

Immediately before concreting is commenced, the formwork is
carefully examined toensure the following:
a) Removal of all dirt, shavings, sawdust and other refuse by brushing and washing.
b) The tightness of joint between panels of sheathing and between these and any
hardened core.
c) The correct location of tie bars bracing and spacers, and especially connections of
bracing.
d) That all wedges are secured and firm in position.
e) That provision is made for traffic on formwork not to bear directly on
reinforcement steel.
CHECKLIST FOR VERTICAL FORMWORK:
 Formwork components have been arranged as per approved drawing and
finish for concrete.
 Approved drawings are available of the erected formwork.
 Diagonal Dimension of the columns has been checked.(Corners are at right
angle)
 Tie rods are in proper place and in tight position according to the drawing.
 In case of wall All sides are in the straight line along horizontal direction.
 No faulty material has been used.
 The face of Formwork is clean and shuttering oil is applied properly on the
form.
 Proper scaffolding is made for pouring of concrete around the Formwork.

CHECKLIST FOR HORIZONTAL FORMWORK:
 The formwork system is resting on the proper levelled and compacted
groundRCC Slab.
 The extension of the Base jack and u head is not more than 280mm.
 The thread is proper of the Base jack and stirrup head used.
 Proper Timber packing has been given between the inner and outer member
of Acro span.
 Formwork has been properly tied with permanent structure Column/wall
using 40NB pipe and 40 X40 Fixed clamp in both the direction.
 All erected cup lock/Props are in plumb.
Use full materialfor shuttering:
 Base plate, (100*100mm)
 Standard(vertical)
 Leggder (horizontal) (0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5m)
 Joint pin
 U- jack
 C- clamp (0.65,0.9,1.2m)
 Tie rod (20mm*800mm) diameter16mm
 Props (ms jack)
 Acros Frame (2m close and expend up to 3.6m)
 MS Sheet with size (900mm*600mm,900mm*300mm,1150mm*300mm)
 MS rope
 Ply, nails (ply 1220*2440*12mm) (nails 1.5’’,3’’,4’’)
 Runner (2’’*4’’) (4’’*4’’) (4’’*6’’)
 Plumb bob (100*150mm)
 Wooden washer
 Ms washer
 Pucher
 Concrete gauge piece
 Swivel clamp
 Saftey net

Cover blocks:
Cover blocks are mainly made by the cement mortar which is the ratio
1:1 should be used to after the reinforcement is completed. This is protecting to the
reinforcement. Shape of the cover blocks could be cubical or cylindrical. However,
cover indicates thickness of the cover block. Normally, cubical cover blocks are used.
As a thumb rule, minimum cover of 2” in footings, 1.5” in columns and 1” for other
structures may be ensured.
Structure Element Reinforcement
Cover (Top) mm
Reinforcement
Cover (Bottom)
mm
Reinforcement
Cover (Side) mm
Footing 50mm 50 mm 70 mm
Column 40 40 40 mm
Beam 25 mm
Slabs 20 mm
Retaining Wall 30mm for earth
face
25 mm for other
face
Checklist:
 Formwork levelled, cleaned, oiled
 Chairs provided are adequate
 Reinforcement bars are clean and straight
Metrial density
 Steel density =7850kg/m3
 R.c.c density =2500kg/m3
 Cement density =1440m3
 Concrete density =2400kg/m3
 Brick density =1600-1900kg/m3
 Water =1000lt/m3

CONCRETING:-
Cement concrete is a mixture of inert materials like fine
aggregates and coarse aggregates with cement, water and admixtures. It is in a
plastic state when it is fresh and can be moulded into desired shape, and attains
desired strength upon hardening to take up static and dynamic loads.
Cement:
Cement is composed by the calcium silicates, aluminates and alumina ferrite.
It is obtained by blending predetermined proportion lime stone clay and other
minerals in small quantities which is pulverized and heated at high temperature
around 1500 deg centigrade to produce “clinker”. When we mix the small quantity
of gypsum in clinker which are produce to fine powder. This fine powder is known
as cement.
Water cement ratio:
Water required for cement proper mixing for it, application in
various civil work. The weight of water is divided by the weight of cement is called
water cement ratio.
Weight of Water/Weight of Cement = 0.5
Admixture:
Admixture are added to concrete to its preparation, so as to impart certain
special characteristics to concrete; like fly ash, water proofing agents retarders, etc
is called admixture.
Aggregate:
The aggregate are divided into two types, these are
1. Coarse aggregate 2. Fine Aggregate
1) Fine Aggregate:
Fine Aggregate is less than 4.75 mm. which is passed through 4.75 IS
Sieve is termed as fine aggregate. Fine aggregate is added to concrete to assist workability
and to bring uniformity in mixture. fine aggregates shall be such that not more than 5
percent shall exceed 5 mm in size, not more than 10% shall IS sieve No. 150 not less than
45% or more than 85% shall pass IS sieve No. 1.18 mm and not less than 25% or more than
60% shallpass IS sieveNo.600 micron.

2) Coarse Aggregate:
Coarse Aggregate should be hard, strong, dense, durable,
clean,and free from clay or loamy admixtures or quarry refuse or vegetable
matter. The pieces of aggregates should be cubical, or rounded shaped and
should have granular or crystalline or smooth (but not glossy) non-powdery
surfaces.
Fig showing the transit mixer filling the bucket with concrete
VOLUME IN METRE CUBE
1. TANSIT MIXER =9m3
2. BUCKET =.2m3 to .5m3

TRANSIT MIXER AND CONCRETE PUMPING MACHINE
CONCRETE IS PUMPING OUT ON SITE

Tools required:
1. Slump Cone with tamping rod
2. Cube Moulds
3. Auto Level and Leveling Staff
4. Concrete Pusher
5. Concrete Finisher
6. Finishing Board
7. Concrete thickness gauge (fabricated in site with 10mm scrap steel; to be used by
mason for leveling concrete during placing)
8. PPEs- Hand Gloves, Gum Boots ,Safety Goggles
FIG: Tool REQUIRED IN CONCRETING

FIG: Hand Gloves, Gum Boots ,Safety Goggles
CONCRETE CUBE CASTING & SLUMP TEST BEFORE
PROCEEDING
Introduction:
It is very important to check the workability of concrete by
means of slump cone test before concrete pour.
The Testing procedure, Sampling, Points to be checked before
unloading the concrete, and sequences were explained to the
concrete incharges of both Basil and Beryl.
Tools & Materialsrequired:
1) Slump cone with tamping rod.
2) Cube mould of 150X150mm size.
3) Wheel barrow.
4) Spanner.
5) Trowel.

6) Putty blade to finish.
FIG: Slump cone with tamping rod.,Cube mould of 150X150mm
size.,Wheel barrow,Spanner. Trowel.,Putty blade to finish.
Step by step procedure:
1) The first step before unloading any concrete is to check the Batching sheet. Check
the Batching sheet for Grade of concrete and also ensure that the Material
proportion is as per the Design mix.
2) Run the Trail mixer for 2 to 3 minutes before unloading the concrete.
3) Before placing the concrete in position take some quantity of concrete for slump
test.
4) Keep the slump cone fitted to its base plate with bolt on a leveled surface.
5) Pour the concrete on to the slump cone in 3 layers, each layers will be compacted
using Tamping rod by giving each layer 25 blows from tamping rod

FIG: SLUMP TEST
6) Level the top surface of the cone by removing extra concrete and also the base
should be cleaned from split concrete
7) Loosen the slump cone by loosening the bolt at base.
8) Now slowly lift the Slump cone (Straight).
9) After lifting the slump cone immediately observe the slump i.e. the height of fall
of concrete compared to the height of cone is observed and noted down.
Slump for various concrete should be as follows:
For Dumping concrete:50mmto 90mm
For Pumping concrete:90mm to 120mm
For Mivan concreting:90mmto180mm
Cube Casting:
3) Fix the cube mould of size 150mmX150mm using nut & bolt at base and
corners, Then apply the oil to the inner surface of the mould to avoid any
sticking of concrete to the surface.

4) Take the concrete sample to be molded from the wheel barrow and cast the
cube in three layers,
5) Each layer will be compacted by using tamping rod with 25 blows and
tamping the sides of the cube with a hammer.

6) Top surface will be finished smoothly and after concrete sets for 2 to 3 hours
the naming of cubes will be done and after 24 hours the cubes will be
immersed in water.
Conclusion/Recommendation:
Slump test is very important work to be carried out before unloading the concrete
and the cube casting plays very important role in concrete industry to determine its
strength.
COMPACTION:
COMPACTION IS THE PROCESS OFDENSIFICATION OFSOIL MASS BY THE
APPLICATOIN OFDYNAMICLOAD
COMPACTION EQUIPMENTS:
1) Compaction layer thicknessshould not exceed 30cm and
compaction should commenceat the edges and progresstowards
the centre, in excent in super elenated portion where it should
proceed from inner to the outer

2) Plate compaction hastobe used for granular soil
 Plate compaction hashigh centrifugal forcecompared
 150%more compaction is achieve from plate compactor to
roller
Fig : platecompactor
3) Jumper Rammer has to be used for confined spaces

Fig : Jumper Rammer
4)Sheep foot roller hasto be used for clayey soil
FiG: Sheep foot roller

BASEMENT 1
DEWATERING THE UNDERGROUND WATER IN FUTURE
THE ABOVE FIGURE SHOWS THE ARRANGEMENT OF DEWATER
THEGROUND WATER (WHICH SUPPOSE TO RISE UP AND TENDS TO
COME OVER THE SURFACE) FOR THAT PIPES (HAVING CUTS ON TOP
SIDE IS LAYING DOWN UP TO REQUIRED DEPTH AND A PIECE OF CLOTH
IS WRAPPED OVER THIS PIPES SO THAT OVER LAYING SOIL MAY NOT
ENTER IN THAT PIPES.
A NETWORK OF THESE PIPES IS MADE IN PARTICULAR PORTION AND
AT LASTTHESE PIPES ARE CONECTED WITH A CONCRETE PIPE.
THESE SMALL NETWORKS OF PVC PIPES WITH CONCRETE PIPES ARE
THEN INTER LINKED AND DUMPED IN BIG RCC TANK AFTERB THAT THE
WATER COLLECTED IN TANK IN FUTURE WILL BE PUMPED OUT FROM
TANK.

CURING FOR BASEMENT FLOORING
PREVIOUS METHOD:
The VDF flooring needs to be cured many times a day,since the
water evaporates from the surface.
There was no existingpracticeto retain the water used for curing
on the VDF floorings.
NEW METHOD:
Instead of curing the VDF flooring many times a day due to the loss
of water from the surface,the new method is to cover the concrete
surface with LDPE sheetafter the final setting time of10 hours and
cure it. By this, one time curingcould be achieved.This will save
the labour cost,curing bandcostetc. The LDPE sheetwill retain
the water over it and helps in effective curing throughoutthe day.

BEAM & SLAB REINFORCEMENT
Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Tools required
3. Step by step procedure
4. Conclusion/ Recommendations.
Introduction:
It is found that the beam reinforcementat beam junctionwere not
done as per the standards, cover blocksare not provided for Cut
outs, Lift wall corner anchoragereinforcementwas not provided
and Reinforcementalignmentwas not proper,To educate the
importance and to avoid these kind ofmistakes infuture the
training was givento achieve the above mentioned points.
Tools & Materials required
1) German Scale.
2) Cover blocks.
3) Binding wire.
4) Binding hook.
5) Reinforcementcut as per the drawing.
6) SpacerRods.
7) Anchorage reinforcementfor lift wall junctions.
8) Hand glouse.
Step by step procedure
1) After checking the Beam and slab shutteringalignmentand
complete cleaningfrom dustparticlesand other foreignmaterials
fix the brown tape between each shuttering panelsand apply
shutteringoil.
2) Firststartwith the beam reinforcement,Top reinforcementwill
be tie firstand then
the beam stirrups will be inserted at certainheightfrom the slab
since it is verydifficultto execute the work at beam level.

3) After completionall beam reinforcementwork tie the 25mm thick
cover block in the bottom at every 1 to 1.5mtlength of beam and
now check weatherthe columnstirrups provided till slab levelif not
provide the stirrups before downing the beam.
4) Beam reinforcementwill be downed in such a way that the
reinforcementsits approximately at the middleof the beam
shuttering(Cover for both face).
5) Now start with the slab reinforcement.
6) Firstmarkthe reinforcementalignmenton the shutteringin main
rod direction.
7) Lay the main reinforcementover the slab shuttering and cover
block of 15mm
Spread overthe slab.
8) Now mark the secondary slab reinforcementon the mainslab
reinforcementthen tie these secondary reinforcementto the main
reinforcement.
9) Providethe chairs to accommodatesecond layer of
reinforcement(Top extra) at both side of the beam if required.
10) Provide one Stirrup atslab level and another one at 1mtabove
the slab levelto
maintain the proper positioningof the column main reinforcement.
11) Ensure thatthe column reinforcementlappinglengthwill be
availableabovethe slab level,since itis not possibleto lap the
reinforcementafter the concreting.
12) Leave the staircase reinforcementdowels beforecasting the
slab.
13) Now providethe cover blocks for beam sides,Cut out sides,
Beam junctionsand
many other placeswhere required.

Cover Block thickness for various type of work:
1) Beam Bottom:25mm.
2) Beam Sides:25mm.
3) Slab Bottom: 20mm.
4) Column junctions and column: 40mm.
PHOTOS TAKEN DURING TRAINING:
Figure showing MS SHEET placed at construction joint
Conclusion/ Recommendations.
The training and educating the Engineers towardsreinforcement
work and its procedure ensuresa very good quality of work in
sobha

STAIR CASE
A flightor series offlights ofsteps and a supporting structure
connecting separate levels.Also called stairway.
REIN FORCEMENT IN FOLDED TYPE STAIR CASE
A CLOSE VIEW OF REINFORCEMENTOF TREAD AND RISER

REINFORCEMENT OF SINGLE FLIGHT (FOLDED STAIR CASE)
Checklist:
 Formwork levelled, cleaned, oiled
 Chairs provided are adequate
 Reinforcement bars are clean and straight

SAFTEY
Safety deviceswhich areused for varioustypesof protection at site:
 Head Protection:
All personals engaged for this job has to wear safety helmet along
with chin strap.
 Hand protection:
Appropriated hand gloves will be used for materials handling,
concreting, welding, grinding, gas cutting, for chemical handling
& Electrical work.
 EyeProtection:
Suitable goggles must be ensured for the personnel deployed for
welding (Face Shield), Grinding, Gas Cutting, Concreting, Chipping
etc. workat site.
 Ear protection:
The personnel engaged in the noise zone such as compressor
operator, Pneumatic Vibrators & Breakers, DG Operator etc. will
be equipped with suitableear protection.
 Protection from Dust & other poisonous gases:
Suitable nose mask, face shield are to be used by the individuals to
protect them from dust, fumes & poisonous and toxic gases.
 Body protection:
Appropriate body protect ion like Boiler Suit, Aprons must be used
by the concern personnel at site.
 Fall protection:
All personnel working over 2.0 meter height must have the safety
belt tied in his waste at the ground level. Further he will have to
anchor the safety belt with a fixed structure before starting the
workat height.

8.2 Safety material used on the construction site:
 Helmet,
 Safety shoes,
 Welding shield,
 Safety glasses,
 Safety gloves,
 Ear muffs,
 Dust mask,
 Coveralls
8.3 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
 Workers below 18 years of age should not be allowed to work at
site.
 Smoking and chewing tobacco should be strictly prohibited on the
site.
 All the manholes, septic tank openings and inspection chambers
in the common areasshould be alwaysclosed.
 Stray materials should be cleared from all the areas with
manpower and machinery movement.
 All the mechanical devices which run on fuels like diesel and
kerosene should be cleaned on the daily basis to remove any oil or
fuel spillages.
 Provide stairways, ladders, ramps or other safe means of access
in all trenches4 feet or deeper

CONCLUSION
In Internship, I have learned a lot about the present scenario in the field of
Civil Engineering System. I have gained sufficient knowledge about the
technology used by the company. In our College Curriculum we learn most of
the things theoretically, which do not provide sufficient information about the
concerned subject in depth, and students remain unaware of the problems and
errors when they go into the field. This practical training has provided us the
knowledgeaboutvarioustechnologiesin the CIVIL Engineering field.
I am highly grateful and obliged to the SOBHA LTD. Family for their
support and guidancefor the successful completion of my Internship.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
 "REINFORCEMENT CEMENT CONCRETE" by
Ramamurtham.
 "DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURE” by S.K Duggal.
 "STRENGTH OF MATERIAL" by Sadhu singh.
WEBSITE:
 www.constructionmaterial.com
 www.steelstructure.com
SOBHA MANUAL ( OFFICIAL MANUAL).

REPORT dee

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (15)

Similar to REPORT dee

Similar to REPORT dee (20)

REPORT dee