[DSC Europe 23] Branka Panic - Peace in the age of artificial intelligence.pptx
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[DSC Europe 23] Branka Panic - Peace in the age of artificial intelligence.pptx
- 2. AI REVOLUTION “The single biggest technology revolution the world has ever seen.”-Accenture “…the ultimate breakthrough technology…” “AI will not only be a game-changer, but it will disrupt the entire playing field.”-Singularity University “AI is likely to be either the best or worst thing to happen to humanity.”- Stephen Hawking
- 3. Today, AI is everywhere, and it is transforming our societies.
- 4. WHY AI? WHY NOW? COMPUTER PROCESSING AVAILABILITY OF DATA MACHINE LEARNING The cost of computer processing power has fallen dramatically, and a new generation of even more powerful chips is on the way. The cost of cloud access, data storage, and processing has also fallen, as the availability of large inexpensive datasets has risen. Increased utilization of machine learning as a method of data analysis that enables computers to learn without external instructions. AI is not the future, AI is already here, today, affecting people across the planet. AI applications have begun to transform major industries, including healthcare, finance, manufacturing, retail, education, and entertainment.
- 5. WHY PEACE? WHY NOW? LESS PEACEFUL WORLD UNPRECEDENTED HUMANITARIAN CRISIS DEMOCRACY DECLINE Institute for Economics and Peace - The Global Peace Index 2022 reveals that the average level of global peacefulness deteriorated by 0.3 per cent. UNHCR - In the first months of 2022, more than 100 million individuals were displaced worldwide as a result of persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations. Freedom in the World - The present threat to democracy is the product of 16 consecutive years of decline in global freedom. A total of 60 countries suffered declines over the past year, while only 25 improved. Conflict and violence are among biggest challenges humanity is facing today. They are interlinked with problems of climate change, poverty, disease and famine. They are taking lives and causing harm that can be prevented.
- 6. Military uses of AI are multiple and advanced WARFARE PLATFORMS TARGET RECOGNITION BATTLEFIELD HEALTHCARE COMBAT SIMULATION AND TRAINING Exploring and utilizing AI in Peacebuilding is limited THREAT MONITORING AND SITUATIONAL AWARENESS AUTONOMOUS WEAPONS
- 7. TARGET RECOGNITION BATTLEFIELD HEALTHCARE COMBAT SIMULATION AND TRAINING THREAT MONITORING AND SITUATIONAL AWARENESS strategic activity solidify peace and avoid violent conflict, to provide the tools for building something more than just the absence of war, to strengthen capacities for conflict management, and to lay the foundations for sustainable peace and development AI in peacebuilding
- 8. AI for PEACE Our vision is a future in which AI benefits peace, security and sustainable development and where diverse voices influence creation of AI and related technologies.
- 9. TARGET RECOGNITION BATTLEFIELD HEALTHCARE COMBAT SIMULATION AND TRAINING THREAT MONITORING AND SITUATIONAL AWARENESS Peacetech is technology that contributes to peacebuilding. Digital peacebuilding is the broader nexus between the field of peacebuilding and digital technologies. Peacetech and Digital Peacebuilding
- 10. FOCUS AREAS
- 11. NLP AND ML FOR ONLINE HATE SPEECH MONITORING Project Example: “Monitoring and analyzing conflict and hate speech trends in SouthAfrica during 2019 elections” ML FOR EARLY WARNING AND CONFLICT PREVENTION Project Example: “ViEWS prediction of violence in Ethiopia” COMPUTERVISIONTOOLS FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION Project Example: “AI helping human rights activists to prove war crimes in court” AI FOR FIGHTINGTRANSNATIONAL CRIMINAL NETWORKS Project Example: “UsingAI to battle sex trafficking” NLP FOR PUBLIC SENTIMENT ANALYSIS Project Example: “UN DPPA ArabicSentiment Project and Digital Focus Groups” AITO SUPPORT MEDIATION AND PEACEMAKING Project Example: “IBM Project Debater” CRISIS MAPPING FORVIOLENCE PREVENTION, CIVILIAN PROTECTION AND ACCOUNTABILITY Project Example: “SyriaTrackerCrisis Map” HARNESSING SATELLITE IMAGERY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION Project Example: “Satellite imagery for trackingUyghur’s human rights violations”
- 12. AI ETHICS AND DATA RESPONSABILITY - Storage of sensitive data - Privacy concerns - Protecting vulnerable populations - Cybersecurity - Ethics by design - Data literacy and data skills AI ETHICS BY DESIGN GUIDE FOR PRACTITIONERS
- 13. “Artificial Intelligence is likely to be either the best or worst thing to happen to humanity” Stephen Hawking
- 14. PEACEBUILDERS, INFORMED ABOUT POTENTIALS OF AI AND READY TO SPEAK UP AND ACT AI AND DATA SCIENTISTS BECOMING PEACEBUILDERS AND COMITTING TO USE AI FOR CREATING LASTING PEACE
Editor's Notes
- THE PRESENT OF NARROW AI Today nations and corporations are pouring billions into AI, whose recent advancements have amazed even scientists working in the field. These so-called “narrow” AIs are everywhere, embedded in your GPS systems and Amazon recommendations.
- But why all the fuzz in the recent years? Specially given that AI has existed for a long while. It has been around since the 1950’s. Turing actually proposed its famous Turing test in 1950 and the term “artificial intelligence” was first used at a workshop at Dartmouth College in 1956. Some of the attendants there were actually given millions of dollars to create a machine as intelligent as a human but couldn’t achieve it at that time. That and other initiatives eventually run out of money and the first “AI winter” came. That was around the 1970s and it lasted until the 1980s when the japanese government poured money into research. A new “AI summer” had arrived and it lasted for several years until initiatives once more run out of money: another winter came. That winter lasted until the 2000’s when yet another summer came. This time big companies such as Google, Facebook, Baidu and others are the ones putting money into research (sounds like a deja vu right?). But how to know if this is not just another summer of if this time AI is here for good?
- This year’s results found that the average level of global peacefulness deteriorated by 0.3 per cent. Although slight, this is the eleventh deterioration in peacefulness in the last fourteen years, with 90 countries improving, 71 deteriorating and two remaining stable in peacefulness, highlighting that countries tend to deteriorate much faster than they improve. The world is witnessing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. 82.4 million people were forcibly displaced from their homes due to famine, natural disasters and war in 2020. In the first months of 2022, more than 100 million individuals were displaced worldwide as a result of persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations. This accounts for an increase of 10.7 million people displaced from the end of the previous year. In a matter of a few months, the world’s forcibly displaced population reached the highest ever on record. Freedom in the World - The present threat to democracy is the product of 16 consecutive years of decline in global freedom. A total of 60 countries suffered declines over the past year, while only 25 improved. As of today, some 38 percent of the global population live in Not Free countries, the highest proportion since 1997. Only about 20 percent now live in Free countries.
- https://blog.marketresearch.com/8-key-military-applications-for-artificial-intelligence-in-2018 Artificial Intelligence has been used for military purposes, most controversially to develop lethal autonomous weapons. Human Rights Watch and others argue that the development and use of fully autonomous weapons, which they call ‘killer robots’, should be banned. One avenue to be explored is how AI could enhance the analytical capacity of peacebuilders, for example by dynamically analyzing social network data or drone imagery in order to recognize potential conflicts early on, monitor developments in a conflict contexts and assess the effectiveness of international responses. Another possibility is using AI for training purposes, for example by simulating conflict situations and giving feedback on responses by international mediators and peacebuilders.
- Peace is not just the absence of violent conflict, but a society in which everyone can thrive (Galtung, 2011). Hence, we turn to using the definition of “peacebuilding” as a strategic activity to solidify peace and avoid violent conflict, to provide the tools for building something more than just the absence of war, to strengthen capacities for conflict management, and to lay the foundations for sustainable peace and development (UN Peacebuilding Support Office, 2010).
- Peace is not just the absence of violent conflict, but a society in which everyone can thrive (Galtung, 2011). Hence, we turn to using the definition of “peacebuilding” as a strategic activity to solidify peace and avoid violent conflict, to provide the tools for building something more than just the absence of war, to strengthen capacities for conflict management, and to lay the foundations for sustainable peace and development (UN Peacebuilding Support Office, 2010).
- The collection and storage of sensitive data therefore necessitates increasingly strong rules and routines for the storage and management of data and information. The case of Afghanistan Privacy concerns will be central — civilians who are already at risk can face new threats if their personal information is disclosed or reidentified. Shift from personal data to rel`iing group and ethinc data is also a threat Not only informants, but also ‘ordinary’ citizens may be at risk because of UN data collection efforts. Second, the overreliance on new communication technologies can be at the expense of contextual knowledge of peacebuilders.
- To date, the unbalanced nature of incentives and funding for Artificial Intelligence research has favored commercial applications, such as defense and advertising, at the expense of altruistic applications. Artificial Intelligence research must be applied beyond these sectors — to help solve social, economic, and environmental problems — if it will benefit society to the fullest extent possible. In 2015, Stephen Hawking, Peter Norvig, and others signed an open letter calling for more research on AI’s impacts on society. The letter recognized the tremendous benefits AI could bring for human health and happiness, but also warned of unpredictable dangers. The key issue is that humans should remain in control. More than 700 AI and robotics researchers signed the 2017 Asilomar AI Principles calling for shared responsibility and warning against an AI arms race.
- To date, the unbalanced nature of incentives and funding for Artificial Intelligence research has favored commercial applications, such as defense and advertising, at the expense of altruistic applications. Artificial Intelligence research must be applied beyond these sectors — to help solve social, economic, and environmental problems — if it will benefit society to the fullest extent possible. In 2015, Stephen Hawking, Peter Norvig, and others signed an open letter calling for more research on AI’s impacts on society. The letter recognized the tremendous benefits AI could bring for human health and happiness, but also warned of unpredictable dangers. The key issue is that humans should remain in control. More than 700 AI and robotics researchers signed the 2017 Asilomar AI Principles calling for shared responsibility and warning against an AI arms race.