Basic Science Process Skills for learners

1. BASIC SCIENCE
PROCESS
SKILLS

2. WELCOME
SONG
MOSHI, MOSHI
OLA, OLA
HELLO, HELLO
KUMUSTA KA?
(Repeat)
MOSHI, OLA, HELLO,
KUMUSTA KA?

3. CLASSHOME RULES
Rule #1:
Wash your hands oftentimes .
Use alcohol to sanitize/disinfect your hands.
Cover your mouth and nose when
sneezing/coughing.

4. CLASSHOME RULES
Rule #2:
A. Raise your right hand for permission
to speak.
B. Raise your left hand for permission to
leave your seat and for personal
necessity.

5. CLASSHOME RULES
Rule #3:
Follow procedures or directions
carefully and quickly.

6. CLASSHOME RULES
Rule #5: CLASS, YES!
If I say “Hocus pocus!” You have to stand UP
quickly and say “everyone focus”. The last
student to follow this rule will have to answer
my question.

7. Describe the different
basic science process
skills.
Objective:

8. Pictograph

9. Carpenter
Answer:

10. Pictograph

11. DOCTOR
Answer:

12. Guess the Mystery Word
Sc_e_c_ Pro_c _ _s
S_ills
What basic skills does scientist use to
construct science concepts, discover
new ideas and prove or disprove
theories.

13. The Mystery Word
Science Proccess
Skills
The basic skills that scientist use to
construct science concepts, discover
new ideas and prove or disprove
theories.

14. Observations and Inferences
There are many things around us that need a closer look. It is when we
take a long, hard look that we are actually observing. Observation
involves all of your basic sense organs: the eyes, nose, ears, tongue, and
hands. In an observation, you do not only look, you have to stare; you
don’t only hear, you listen, you don’t only taste and smell, you savor;
and you don’t only touch, you feel.
Most of the time however, you think you are observing when in fact you
are inferring. While observation is actually seeing, smelling, hearing,
tasting and touching, inferring is making interpretations based on your
past observations or experiences. You call this an inference. To help you
differentiate between observation and inference, let us do an activity.

15. Activity 1.1 When do you observe and when do you infer ?
1. Observe a pencil.
2. Write your observations and inferences on the table below.

16. Observations Inferences
Ex. The pencil is yellow.
1.
2.
3.
Ex. The pencil is new.
1.
2.
3.

17. Activity 1.2 How do you Measure ?
Measuring-using both standard and nonstandard measures or estimates to
describe the dimensions of an object or event.
Procedure:
1. Using a ruler, measure the length and width of the bond paper
2. Write your measurement on the table below.
3. Describe Measuring
LENGTH WIDTH

18. Activity 1.3 Classify Me Please ?
Classifying- grouping or ordering objects or events into categories based on properties or criteria.
Procedure:
•Classify the objects found in the envelope.
•Describe CLASSIFYING

19. Basic Science Process Skills
1.Observing using the senses to gather info. About an object or event.
2.Inferring making an “educated guess” about an object or event based
on past observations or experiences.
3.Measuring- using both standard and nonstandard measures or
estimates to describe the dimensions of an object or event.
4.Communicating- using words or graphic symbols to describe an
action, object or event.
5.Classifying grouping or ordering objects or events into categories
based on properties or criteria.
6.Predicting stating the outcome of a future event based on a pattern of
evidence.

20. Antonym Match
Up! Activity 1
Direction: The following are the words that plays
an important role in our science discussion.
Match the words in Column A with the correct
opposites in Column B by picking up the mystery
word inside the box.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.Positive
2.Attract
3.Balance
4.Push
5.Gain
Lose
Left Repel
Imbalance
Down Pull
Negative

21. “BALLOONS AND STATIC ELECTRICITY SIMULATION”
Activity 2
PROCEDURE:
•Access the site by either clicking on the link:
http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/balloons. You may use the offline
application installed in your tablets.
•Once your application has started, click “Reset All”. Make sure that only the
“Show all Charges” and “Wall” buttons are selected.

23. PART 1- One Balloon and Sweater
1.Look at the balloon. What can you say about its
overall charge? (Hint: count both types of
charges)
Ans. The number of positive (+) and negative are
balance.
2. What does the positive (+) and negative (-)
charge stands for?
Ans. Protons positive (+) charge, Electrons
negative (-)

24. PART 1- One Balloon and Sweater
3. Click and drag the balloon and rub it against the
sweater. Illustrate the movement of positive (+) and
negative (-) charges.
Ans.
Are the number of electrons and protons balance?
Ans. No, they are imbalance.

25. 4. Which objects gain electrons? Lose electrons?
Ans. Balloon- gains electron
Sweater- loses electrons
5. How did the balloon get charged?
Ans. By rubbing vigorously against the sweater
6. Bring the balloon in the middle, between the
sweater and the wall. What happens to the balloon
when you let it go? Ans. It is attracted to the
sweater.

26. PART 2 – One Balloon and Wall
7. What is the overall charge of the wall?
Ans. Balance number of + and - charges
8. Bring the balloon in contact with the wall.
What happens to the charges in the wall?
Ans. The charges repel
9.Let go of the balloon. Describe what happens.
Ans. The balloon sticks to the wall.

27. Rubrics
5 3 2
Criteria: Oral
Presentation
The reporter spoke
clearly with the
modulation and in an
engaging manner.
The reporter spoke
clearly with the
modulation, but not
so engaging manner.
The reporter
sometimes did not
speak and at times,
too softly. He/she is
often times looking
up the ceiling or over
the audiences' hea
and did not elicit the
audience's interest.
Concepts The reporter had a
clear and complete
presentation of the
ideas or concepts and
answers 7-9
questions correctly.
The reported had
presented something
of the concept and
ideas and answers
4-6 questions.
The reporter had not
presented the
concept and ideas
and answer 1-3
question correctly.

28.  All matter is made of atoms
which consist of
ELECTRONS, PROTONS
and NEUTRONS.
Protons are positively
charge (+)
Electrons are negatively
charge (-)
Neutrons carry No charge
(n)

29.  Most of the objects
in nature are not
charged because
the number of
electrons in an
object is equal to
the number of
protons, and this
makes the object
Electrically Neutral.

30.  In order to produce a charge on an object,
we need to create an imbalance of
electrons or protons in that object.
This imbalance of electrons and protons
can be easily created by rubbing two
objects over one another.
This process of charging is called charging
by friction.

31.  When we rub two objects with each
other, the electrons from one object get
transferred to another object.
The object which loses electrons
becomes positively (+) charged, and
the object which gains electrons
becomes negatively (-) charged.

32. This transfer of
electrons by
rubbing two objects
with each other
generates STATIC
ELECTRICITY.

33. When a (+) charged body
is brought close to a (-)
charged body, then they
ATTRACT each other, but
if we bring two (2)
positively charged bodies
or two negatively charged
bodies towards each
other, they will REPEL
each other.

34. ELECTROSTATIC LAW
Therefore, we can say that
“LIKE charges REPEL each other
and UNLIKE charges ATTRACT each
other.”

35. PRACTICAL USE
of SE
Oral Reading

36. One example of the
practical use of Static
electricity is photocopier
and a Laser printer.
They use static
electricity to have the ink
attract and attach to
paper.
(Credits to https://www.britannica.com)

37. Chester Carlson the inventor of
photocopying was originally a
patent attorney as well as a part
time researcher. His job at a
patent office in New York required
him to make10 copies per page,
which is a large number of
copies of important papers. At
that time, multiple copies were
most commonly made at the point
of document origination using
carbon paper.

38. Carlson who was arthritic found this to be painful
and tedious process. This motivated him to
conduct experiments with photo conductivity.
Carlson use his kitchen for his experiments and
in 1938 he applied for a patent for the process.
His photocopier was turned down by over 20
companies including IBM and General Electric.
Neither of which believed there was a significant
market for copiers.

39. In 1947 Haloid Corporation a small New York based manufacturer and
seller of paper approached Carlson to obtain a license to develop and
market the machine based on this technology. Haloid and Carlson
change the name of the process to “xerography”, which was derived
from Greek words that meant “dry writing”. They called the copier Xerox
Machine and in 1948, the word “XEROX” was trademarked.
 If Carlson has to prepare 15 pages of important papers at 10 copies
per page, how many copies will he prepare?
Ans. 15 X 10 = 150 copies
 After how many years did Carlson was able to market his machine?
Ans. After 9 years (1947- 1938)

40. If you were a patent
attorney and a
researcher like
Carlson, will you do
the same thing?
Why?

41. What makes the soda
can spins?
Look at the girl’s hair,
why did it behave like
this

42. How well did I know?

43. Using the format below as your guide,
Give 2 things that you have learned about
Static Electricity and one thing that is not
clear to you.
Today, I learned about _____________
First, I know that __________________
Second, _________________________
 One thing that is not clear to me is
that______________________________

44. EXTEND/ASSIGNMENT:
•Can all materials be
charge with static
electricity? Try at home
which materials can
produce static electricity
while rubbing to another
material. (eg. Metal
spoon, rubber,
Styrofoam, etc.)