2. DIFINITIONS OF MAINSTREAMING
Multi-sectoral response
Joint efforts
Ownership
Internal and external
mainstreaming
• Development of a workplace
policy
Internal
• Training of staff within the
Mainstreaming office/workplace
• Provision of services related to
prevention, care and
treatment for staff
members
3. WHY INTERNAL MAINSTREAMING ?
Depletion of workforce Impact on
Decreasing productivity Institutional
Roots of stigma & Discrimination strength
WHAT TO DO ?
• Departmental ownership : in-house advocacy,
continuity and constant follow up action
• Analysis : Assessment of factors that put workers at
risk.
• Workplace policy: Addresses staff needs for
information,awareness, access to services, provides
social dialogue.
4. WHY EXTERNAL MAINSTREAMING ?
It refers to integration/incorporation of
HIV/AIDS into the policy and programme of
the department without compromising its
core business.
What to do ? * Identification of entry points and
incorporate into the ongoing work of the
department
* Inclusion of HIV/AIDS issues into the
policy and programme of the department
External Ministry on sustainable basis
mainstreaming
5. Why mainstreaming?
HIV/AIDS is not merely an health issue
The risk factors for HIV are related to wider socio-
economic factors, such as poverty, illiteracy, migration,
gender discrimination, urbanisation, etc ) which are
beyond health system
Since only 0.3 % people are infected , separate health
infrastructure creation is costly for the country,
Since there is no cure, prevention is most important
Mainstreaming is important to reach large population
(99.7 %) who are uninfected
6. What do you need to ask?
How does HIV/AIDS affect your organization and
your work?
Do the policies / norms / guidelines of the
department focus on inclusion of interest of
HRG/PLHIV. They should not discriminate
How can you contribute to fighting HIV/AIDS by
limiting the spread and mitigating the impact of the
epidemic?
7. Why everyone should know about
HIV/AIDS
7
Because HIV/AIDS
can happen to anyone in your community
can happen to anyone in your place of work
can happen to anyone in your neighborhood
can happen to anyone in your family
can happen to you
RRE-NYKS
8. Internal Mainstreaming
◦ Development of a policy at your workplace for prevention
and care of HIV/AIDS
◦ Training of all staff within the office/ workplace
◦ Provision of services related to prevention, care and treatment
for staff members.
◦ Analysing how are your polices/ programmes and schemes
reaching PLHIV/HRGs
◦ Identification of nodal officer to sustain the effort
9. External Mainstreaming
◦ Expanding the prevention, care and treatment facilities
beyond staff members to contractual workers/vendors and
community at field sites
◦ training and sensitization of the outreach workers/staff of
the department/ to reach larger community
◦ identification of entry points where HIV could be
mainstreamed into the ongoing work of the organisation
◦ inclusion of HIV in the detailed programme planning and
implementation of the ministry/department
10. Department of Health and Family
Welfare
Possible activities
◦ Capacity building of health care providers to ensure that there is
no stigma
◦ Sensitize all health care providers on HIV/AIDS issues.
◦ Ensure universal coverage of PEP Social marketing of gloves to all
health care providers. Review the effectiveness of supply chain
◦ Policy guidelines to direct private sector health care organizations
to provide services for PLWHA without stigma and
discrimination.
◦ Capacity building of Infection control committee of every
hospital.
◦ Institutionalize awards for best practices adopted by public /
private hospitals on HIV/AIDS.
11. Department of Education
Why ?
Youth and adolescents highly vulnerable
Growing instances of stigma and discrimination in schools
What can be done at managerial level?
Sensitisation and skill building of teachers and principles
for HIV awareness and stigma reduction
Include HIV/AIDS in the State / district level Teachers
Training Centres.
Include HIV/AIDS in School management manuals for
SSA/RMSA ( Sarva Siksha Abhiyan/ Rashtriya Madhymik
Shiksha Abhiyan)
12. What can be done at institutional
level
Possible activities
Incorporate School AIDS Education & Life Skills
programmes in all schools & colleges.
Facilitate incorporation of HIV Prevention
programmes in all Non Formal Education
Programmes
Specialized educational courses/ diplomas/ degrees in
universities and other institutions of higher education
Streamline admission procedures for CSW, PLWHA
children, or orphans affected by HIV/AIDS
13. Department of Women and Child
Why?
40% of infections are in women including monogamous
women
Growing feminization of HIV/AIDS : rate of infections among
women rising faster than among men
Violence against women is quite prevalent
Trafficked women are at high risk
Strategic strengths
Existing progs. of the Department make integration easy and
cost effective
Existing women’s groups like self help groups/ mahila
samakhya offer good entry points
14. Department of Women and Child
Possible activities
◦ Incorporate HIV/AIDS in all Women & Child Development
training progs.
◦ Integrate HIV/AIDS in the ICDS – trainings for CDPOs,
Supervisors, AWWs
◦ integrate HIV into anti trafficking initiatives
◦ Scale up shelter & rehabilitation homes and essential services
for women and children affected and infected by HIV/AIDS
◦ Special focus on destitute & Orphan/Vulnerable Children
◦ Step up nutrition support for PLHA with focus on Orphan/
Vulnerable Children.
15. Department of Rural Development
Why?
Poverty and distress rural-urban migration - one of the key
underlying causes of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS prevalence in rural areas fast increasing
The culture of silence is more prominent in rural areas.
Weak infrastructure and difficult access
Greater stigma and discrimination due to lack of awareness and
close social networks
Strategic strengths
Wide outreach of rural development progs specially BPL
integrating HIV within existing infrastructure
Department officials at the community level have trust of
communities as they help generate livelihoods and fight poverty
16. Department of Rural Development
Possible activities
Large scale coverage of rural populations through integration
within
Women Self Help Groups
Watershed Committees
Employment Guarantee Programmes
Incorporate HIV/AIDS in all the Rural Development training
programmes.
Capacity strengthening of SIRDs in HIV/AIDS to train PRIs
on an ongoing basis
Implementation of development schemes Economic support
to PLHA and vulnerable populations on priority.
Review poverty alleviation progs and strengthen activities in
highly vulnerable districts
17. Ministry of Panchayati Raj
17
Train all PRIs by integrating HIV module in training
programmes .
Issue guidelines/ directives to protect PLHIVs and affected
households against stigma & discrimination
protect the inheritance of widows and orphans.
Facilitate linkages to income generation activities, nutrition
programme, housing and welfare schemes
to support HIV infected and affected persons on priority
basis under special groups specially widows and orphans.
Advise Panchayats to discuss HIV related issues relevant to
the village in Gram Sabhas and other meetings.
Display HIV prevention messages at Panchayat Ghars
18. Department of surface transport
18
travel support to PLHIV for visiting ART centres/ health
centres for treatment
Issue directives to facilitate HIV/AIDS messages on
bus panels / bus shelters
Support unions to manage HIV prevention services at
truckers halting points
Provide counseling and testing for STI/HIV/AIDS to
helpers and bus drivers and other related workers
Provide HIV prevention messages and condoms/ condom
vending machines at halting centres .
RRE-NYKS
19. Department of Home Affairs
19
Include HIV/ AIDS in the training institutions /
programmes of all police personnel
Sensitize them to specific vulnerabilities of High risk
groups and victims of trafficking
Provide comprehensive HIV/AIDS services relating to
prevention, care , support and treatment at health
facilities meant for police personnel and their families
Sensitize jail officials/ inmates on HIV vulnerabilities
Link with nearest ICTC for provision of counselling
and testing to inmates
RRE-NYKS
20. Department of Social welfare
Include PLHIV under National Social Assistance
programme on priority
Consider financial support to all women living with
HIV, irrespective of age/ marital status
Consider financial assistance for all PLHIV ( eg
Orissa, Delhi, Goa , Gujarat, Maharashtra etc)
21. Department of Labour and employment
Why ?
large number of HRG and vulnerable population in
the informal employment
Migrants , illiteracy , unsafe shelter conditions etc
What can be done?
Advocacy with HR system of PSUs, Private,
Corporate for workplace policy
Include HIV/AIDS in their workers training system
Include HIV/AIDS in their health services
22. Department of Tourism
Why- Tourists are more vulnerable to HIV . They
may indulge in High risk behaviour and also
become victim of high risk behaviour due to lack of
information.
What can be done ?
Sensitise Hotel owners, tour guides and taxi
drivers about the risk and vulnerable factors of HIV
Include HIV/AIDS in the training curricula of
hotel management institutions
23. Railways
Why ?
Most of the hotspots are located near railways
stations.
Lot of vulnerable populations thrives near railway
stations through petty jobs.
What can be done ?
Permission to allow information booth/ hoarding
on or around stations
Railways announcements
Inclusion of contractual staff under health services
24. Department of Tribal affairs
Why – High vulnerability due to lack of awareness and
health facilities
What can be done
Expansion of ICTC services to health facilities in tribal
areas , through building capacity of their service
providers
Inclusion of counselling and testing service in Mobile
medical units
Planning outdoor and mid media activities in tribal
areas
Including HIV/AIDS in the tribal sub plans
25. Department of Minor ports / inland water
Why?
Vulnerability due to migration, and large number of
truckers and transport worker etc
What can be done?
IEC near port areas
Inclusion of STI/HIV/AIDS in the health services
provision of counselling and testing at resting
places, halt areas.
Sensitisation and Capacity building of health service
providers